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One of the most prominent Indian Diaspora writers, Bharati Mukherjee often writes about the difficulties encountered by Indians who migrate to the United States. The struggles of Indian immigrants to assimilate into the ethos, culture, and people of their adopted country as well as their home country are themes that permeate her writings. She also emphasizes adaptation and character transformation in her writings. Migration and ethnic acceptance of expatriates has always been a burning issue with diaspora (Subrahmanian, 2022). Extending this hypothesis, this article analyzes the cultural and psychological denominators contributing to the protagonist, Jasmine’s diasporic agony as she is exposed to a hostile, aggressive treatment in the hands of American counterparts. The researcher using a descriptive and analytical methodology examines the emotional turbulence of Jasmine whose life is only a succession of pain and under-privileged living in a foreign land in the passage of time.

In today’s world, carbon-based materials research is much wider wherein, it requires a lot of processing techniques to manufacture or synthesize. Moreover, the processing methods through which the carbon-based materials are derived from synthetic sources are of high cost. Processing of such hierarchical porous carbon materials (PCMs) was slightly complex and only very few methods render carbon nano-materials (CNMs) with high specific surface area. Once it is processed, which paves a path to versatile applications. CNMs derived from biological sources are widespread and their application spectrum is also very wide. This review focuses on biomass-derived CNMs from various plant sources for its versatile applications. The major thrust areas of energy storage include batteries, super-capacitors, and fuel cells which are described in this article. Meanwhile, the challenges faced during the processing of biomass-derived CNMs and their future prospects are also discussed comprehensively. Graphical abstract

Dengue is a microorganism sickness transmitted by the yellow-fever (mosquito Aedes aegypti) mosquito. The global incidence of dengue has grown dramatically in recent decades. In Madurai, dengue fever and dengue hemorrhagic fever has shown an increasing trend. Data associated with dengue fever was gathered from the varied government health agencies. This study analysed dengue cases from 2009–2015 in different precincts in Madurai city. It associates with “Z” score variation based on GIS techniques. Moran’s I, average nearest neighborhood and kernel density estimation were used to access spatial distribution cases. The result showed that dengue cases were spatially random (p < 0.0001) by using spatial autocorrelation analysis showed dengue cases within the Madurai wards were highly clustered and occurred at an average distance of 143.56 m. Several locations, especially residential areas had been identified as hot spots of dengue cases in the Madurai city used by using kernel density estimation analysis. It will helpful for health officers in developing efficient control measures and contingency programs in identifying and prioritizing their efforts ineffective dengue control activities.

Background: Microsurgical technique is a recent advancement in periodontal plastic surgery, which improves the predictability of periodontal procedures, providing better esthetic results with minimal postoperative discomfort. Alloderm is an alternate to connective tissue grafts, which has been successfully used for root coverage. The present study aims at Comparative assessment of Micro and Conventional surgical techniques for root coverage using coronally positioned flap (CPF) with Alloderm. Materials and Methods: Twenty sites with Miller's Class I or II gingival recession defects were selected; sites were randomly divided into control and test groups. Test sites were treated with CPF and acellular dermal matrix (ADM) using Microsurgery and control sites were treated with CPF and ADM using conventional method. Results: Conventional and Microsurgical procedures for root coverage showed a statistically significant difference in all clinical parameters from baseline to 3 and 6 months (P < 0.01). The microsurgical technique demonstrated a significant difference in ultrasonographic thickness of gingiva (P < 0.003) and patient satisfaction score (P < 0.005). Conclusion: Microsurgical procedure for root coverage was found to be superior to the conventional macrosurgical approach under magnification. Microsurgical sites healed faster with neovascularization demonstrated on ultrasonographic evaluation with improved gingival thickness and patient satisfaction scores.

Structural equation modelling (SEM) needs to be a multivariate technique found increasingly in scientific investigations to test and evaluate multivariate techniques of the social determinants of health in urban settings. This analysis can help and guide clinical policy decision- making for the use of future chikungunya vaccines for residents of affected areas. The dimensions of the environment influence the health status of individuals and populations. The version specification defines the hypothesized relationship of the various variables in a SEM primarily based totally on one’s knowledge. The techniques of analysis of moment structure software package and path analysis with structural equation modeling were used for data analysis. A multivariate statistical technique ‘factor analysis’ was used to identify the major dimensions of chikungunya-affected wards. From the Z score mapping of the results, both primary and secondary data have been analyzed using suitable statistical techniques and cartographic tools to verify the hypotheses. The primary survey conducted was based on the method of stratified random sampling and a total of 600 samples were collected. The study has shown that by integrating spatial analysis using a Geographical information system (GIS) the distribution of fever cases within a particular area. This study concludes that the four factors: living environment, utilization of drinking water, infrastructure, and healthcare management are the major determinants for the cause of chikungunya in Madurai city.

The identification of areas of health and disease zones of Madurai city can lead one to associate the factors of social and physical environment that are identified with both. The spatial distribution of diseases is still a matter of importance and mapping plays a huge role in the field. Dengue is a viral disease transmitted by the Aedes aegypti mosquito. Dengue has become an important public health problem worldwide. It affects tropical and subtropical regions around the world, predominantly urban and semi urban areas. The present study considers the potential impact of vector borne infections on human health. In Madurai, dengue fever and dengue hemorrhagic fever have shown an increasing trend. The study area of Madurai is located in South Tamilnadu, India. This study aimed to map the spatial distribution of dengue cases in Madurai city. This study analyzed dengue cases from 2013 to 2015 in different precincts of Madurai city. The main aim of this study is to locate the distribution of vector born diseases in the study area and associate with “Z” Score variation based on GIS techniques. Identification and interpretation of spatial variations resulting from such distribution suitable policies and decisions for an effective health care planning. The study has shown that by using GIS; it’s possible to improve the understanding of the distribution of dengue cases within a particular area. GIS and spatial statistical analyses are important in guiding health agencies, epidemiologists, public health officers, town planners and relevant authorities in developing efficient control measures and contingency programs in identifying and prioritizing their efforts in effective dengue control activities.

Introduction: The objective of the study was to measure the horizontal distance between the FA-WALA (Facial Axis Point-William Andrews and Larry Andrews) of posterior teeth in Angle's Class I, Class II, and Class III malocclusions and to assess the depth of the Curve of Spee, to find the correlation between intercanine FA and intercanine WALA and its significance. Material and Methods: Sixty pretreatment mandibular casts of patients with an age range of 18-35 years were included. A sample size of 20 was evaluated in Angle's Class I, Class II, and Class III, respectively. The WALA ridge and FA points were marked in the model and calibrated using the digital Vernier caliper. Results: There was an incremental increase in the horizontal distance from the FA-WALA in the posterior teeth. The mandibular intercanine FA-FA and intercanine WALA-WALA distance were greater in Angle's Class III group when compared to Angle's Class II. The Curve of Spee measurement was increased in Angle's Class II group, while Angle's Class III had a flat curve. Conclusion: The horizontal distance between FA-WALA increased incrementally in the posterior teeth in Angle's Class I, Class II, and Class III malocclusions. In Angle's Class II malocclusion, the Curve of Spee measurement was increased and had a narrower mandibular arch.

This paper discusses methodologies for determining the power requirements of electric motors, specifically using the permanent magnet synchronous motor as a case study for electric vehicles. The vehicle dynamics is analysed to select an electric motor capable of delivering the required propulsion power and torque. Accurate power calculations are used to define the key characteristics motor, including torque, speed, and the corresponding power-speed curves. Consequently, to ensure that From this dynamic characteristic of the vehicle, the findings confirm that the Brushless Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) meets all necessary tractive performance criteria required.

Current work attempts to fabricate aluminium alloy AA2219 metal matrix composite (AMC) reinforced with natural bio-based sea shell powder (SSP) which is a ceramic material, in view of improving the mechanical and tribological properties. SSP was characterized by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) to assess its chemical constituents and particle size. Stir casting route was adopted for fabricating AMCs reinforced with 1, 2 and 3 wt. % of SSP. Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) was used to analyse the formation of secondary elements during casting and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used analyze the surface morphology of the composite specimen before and after tribological tests. Hardness, Compressive strength and tribological properties were evaluated using appropriate tests and corresponding ASTM standards. Characterization methods revealed that the formation of secondary elements was very low at 3 wt. % of SSP when compared with other compositions. Hardness and compressive strength was found to be maximum for 3 wt. % of SSP while the specific wear rate and coefficient of friction values were found to be lesser for the same composite when compared with the unreinforced alloy and were on par with the AA2219 composites containing synthetic reinforcements.

India generates 759.02 million metric tons of coal ash annually. Part of that quantity is successfully utilized, and the remaining portion of the ash is discarded into a landfill. There also is a need to address pollution. Cement industries are responsible for 7% of global warming. Cement has been replaced entirely by thermal power plant waste, and bottom ash is used as a binder to overcome those issues. A few researchers have carried out strength characterization, but an extensive study needs to be carried out under different environmental exposures. Therefore, the present study investigated macro and micro properties of bottom ash geopolymer concrete (BAGPC) subjected to aggressive ecological exposure conditions such as acid, salt, and sulfate attack. Sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) of eight molarities were used as activators for the bottom ash geopolymer concrete (BAGPC) binder. Further bonding between steel and conventional concrete BAGPC mixes was investigated. The durability of conventional concrete (CC) was taken as the control mix to compare the durability of the optimized mix (B4) of bottom ash geopolymer. The test samples were cured for 28 days under ambient temperature and tested for the effect of MgSO4, NaCl, and HCl. The strength loss and weight loss of the BAGPC B4 mix after 7, 28, 56, 90, and 180 days under aggressive conditions showed better performance than CC. It has been observed that geopolymer concrete has good bonding in nature, and the bond strength results indicate excellent bonding between steel and concrete. Microstructure studies revealed that the BAGPC B4 mix had a strong microstructure and not as much of a porous structure. It is concluded that BAGPC has potential value in the construction industry based on all aspects of the experiment.