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The South Asian (SA) diasporic communities in Canada experience a greater burden of diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD) compared to white populations. Nutrition interventions often focus on individual behaviours and fail to consider that the social determinants of health (SDH) have a greater impact on chronic disease risk. A narrative review was conducted to identify the SDH in nutrition care interventions for the SA diaspora in Canada. The final analysis included fourteen articles from which SDH were identified and categorized based on the Social Ecological Model (SEM). The study analysis yielded the following needs in dietetic practice based on the SEM: (1) intrapersonal – need for language appropriate services, and representation of cultural foods and non-Western health perspectives in dietary guidelines, (2) interpersonal – understanding family and friends as social supports, (3) community – incorporating peer and community leader influences, (4) institution – importance of faith-based locations as community hubs, and client workplaces as a barrier to attending appointments, and (5) policy – advocacy for transportation and childcare access, adequate and secure income, and equitable care. These findings urge dietitians to move beyond cultural awareness, sensitivity, and competence to practicing cultural safety and humility in their practice, which is integral to providing equitable care.

Organizations that use e-learning as a tool to educate their employees have either reaped the benefits or struggled with its implementation. The dominant reason for this is corporate e-learning overlaps the organizational, human, and technological aspects of learning. Previous research has compartmentalized the research by studying these three aspects separately, so there is little insight on how these variables affect corporate e-learning. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the levels and differences of organizational learning, e-learning quality, and e-learning use according to the demographic groups of corporate e-learners in a Malaysian oil and gas company. A quantitative survey method was applied to collect data from 261 participants using a 5-point Likert Scale questionnaire. The results revealed the level of overall organizational learning, e-learning quality, and e-learning use was moderate. Furthermore, organizational learning, e-learning quality, and e-learning use were significantly different for gender, department, and job position demographic groups. However, age and working experience did not show a significant difference for these variables. The findings from this study provide a bottom-up insight to stakeholders and managers when investing in and implementing e-learning at the organization.

Continuous quality improvement (CQI) is widely used in other industries and has been promoted as a method for quality control in medicine. The national databases developed by the American College of Cardiology and the Society of Thoracic Surgeons have greatly facilitated data collection for CQI. Hospitals can encounter barriers to CQI, however, which include creating the proper organizational infrastructure and engaging physicians and hospital administrators in the process. These barriers are particularly evident in large community hospitals. We describe the organizational infrastructure for CQI, including committee structure, methods of repeated data collection and feedback, and maintenance of data integrity and confidentiality. We report demographic data and clinical outcomes for patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention and coronary artery bypass surgery before and after implementation of our CQI program. Since 1995, we have maintained a CQI process driven by repeated collection of valid, confidential, operator-specific data. We have observed sustained physician and administration participation and buy-in. During the follow-up period, patient complexity increased and observed outcomes improved, although the improvement was clearly multifactorial. We describe the organization of a CQI program at a large complex community hospital. Our CQI program was successfully implemented, has been sustained, and is associated in observed improvement in patient outcomes. The program described here may be a useful model for other similar hospitals that are attempting to create a program to address quality improvement.

Background: Recognizing the complexity of food systems and the critical role of diet in non-communicable diseases, there is increased interest in exploring food literacy as a determinant of dietary practice. However, a common conceptualization and a standardized measure is lacking. Ontario public health dietitians developed a 50-question and a shortened, 16-question food literacy (FLit) measure for use with adolescents and young adults. These measures can provide an evidence-informed approach for population surveillance and to inform, implement, and evaluate policies and programs to support healthy eating. Aim: The aim is to share how the two measures of food literacy can be used in public health practice and research. Summary: Employing an integrated knowledge transition approach, the team of dietitians partnered with researchers to conceptualize food literacy and develop a comprehensive measure. This work included a scoping review and Delphi study to develop a novel conceptualization, incorporating multiple domains thought to comprise food literacy and questions reflecting these domains. Researchers with experience in measurement development contributed to the refinement of the questions, and evaluated the measure with the target population for cognitive validity, test-retcst reliability, factor analysis, construct validity, and questionlevel analysis. The result of these efforts was a 50-item and a 16-item measure. The longer measure provides a food literacy score and information for practitioners across the domains useful for program design or education efforts, whereas the shorter screening measure is appropriate for scoring food literacy. Discussion: With the food landscape undergoing continual change, understanding the influence of food literacy on dietary behaviors is essential. The FLit50 and FLit16 instruments are valuable for population monitoring and guiding the creation and assessment of interventions and policies related to food literacy. Future research will assess these measures' relevance to different age groups and their link to dietary quality.