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This book is a study of political exile and transnational activism in the late-Victorian period. It explores the history of about 500 French-speaking anarchists who lived in exile in London between 1880 and 1914, with a close focus on the 1890s, when their presence peaked. These individuals sought to escape intense repression in France, at a time when anarchist-inspired terrorism swept over the Western world. Until the 1905 Aliens Act, Britain was the exception in maintaining a liberal approach to the containment of anarchism and terrorism; it was therefore the choice destination of international exiled anarchists, just as it had been for previous generations of revolutionary exiles throughout the nineteenth century. These French groups in London played a strategic role in the reinvention of anarchism at a time of crisis, but also triggered intense moral panic in France, Britain and beyond.

\"In a period of turmoil when European and international politics were in constant reshaping, immigrants and political exiles living in London set up periodicals which contributed actively to national and international political debates. Reflecting an interdisciplinary and international discussion, this book offers a rare long-term specialist perspective into the cosmopolitan and multilingual world of the foreign political press in London, with an emphasis on periodicals published in European languages. It furthers current research into political exile, the role of print culture and personal networks as intercultural agents and the dynamics of transnational political and cultural exchange in global capitals. Individual chapters deal with Brazilian, French, German, Indian, Italian, Portuguese, Spanish, Spanish American, and Russian periodicals. Overarching themes include a historical survey of foreign political groups present in London throughout the long 19th century and the causes and movements they championed; analyses of the press in local and transnational contexts; and a focus on its actors and on the material conditions in which this press was created and disseminated. The Foreign Political Press in Nineteenth-Century London is a useful volume for students and academics with an interest in 19th-century politics or the history of the press\"-- Provided by publisher.

Chapter Four of Daniel Laqua's Activism across Borders, on “Class, Revolution and Social Justice”, opens stimulating avenues for reflection with its cross-partisan approach, over an ambitious chronological span – from the post-1848 wave of revolutionary exile to the contemporary global justice movement. From the perspective of a historian of pre-1914 transnational anarchism, this brief review essay considers three prominent aspects of this chapter: historiographic perspectives on socialist activisms; the modalities of transnational activism; and borders and boundaries.

This book is a study of political exile and transnational activism in the late-Victorian period. It explores the history of about 500 French-speaking anarchists who lived in exile in London between 1880 and 1914, with a close focus on the 1890s, when their presence peaked. These individuals sought to escape intense repression in France, at a time when anarchist-inspired terrorism swept over the Western world. Until the 1905 Aliens Act, Britain was the exception in maintaining a liberal approach to the containment of anarchism and terrorism; it was therefore the choice destination of international exiled anarchists, just as it had been for previous generations of revolutionary exiles throughout the nineteenth century. These French groups in London played a strategic role in the reinvention of anarchism at a time of crisis, but also triggered intense moral panic in France, Britain and beyond. This study retraces the lives of these largely unknown individuals – how they struggled to get by in the great late-Victorian metropolis, their social and political interactions among themselves, with other exiled groups and their host society. The myths surrounding their rumoured terrorist activities are examined, as well as the constant overt and covert surveillance which French and British intelligence services kept over them. The debates surrounding the controversial asylum granted to international anarchists, and especially the French, are presented, showing their role in the redefinition of British liberalism. The political legacy of these ‘London years’ is also analysed, since exile contributed to the formation of small but efficient transnational networks, which were pivotal to the development and international dissemination of syndicalism and, less successfully, to anti-war propaganda in the run up to 1914.

This article proposes a biographical approach to the study of anarchist activism, applied to the French journalist, editor, theorist, novelist, educator, and campaigner Jean Grave, one of the most influential figures in the French and international anarchist movement between the late 1870s and World War I. Adopting a relational approach delineating Grave’s formal and informal connections, it focuses on the role of print in Grave’s activism, through the three papers he edited between 1883 and 1914, and highlights his transnational connections and links with progressive circles in France. Due to the central place of both Grave and his publications in the French anarchist movement, this biographical and relational approach provides a basis to reassess the functioning and key strategic orientations of French anarchist communism during its “heroic period” (1870s–1914), by stressing its transnational ramifications and links beyond the anarchist movement. TRANSLATED ABSTRACTS FRENCH – GERMAN – SPANISH Constance Bantman. Jean Grave et l’anarchisme français: une approche relationnelle (années 1870-1914). Cet article propose une approche biographique dans l’étude de l’activisme anarchiste de Jean Grave. Journaliste, rédacteur, théoricien, romancier, éducateur et militant, Jean Grave fut l’une des plus influentes figures du mouvement anarchiste français et transnational entre la fin des années 1870 et la Première Guerre mondiale. L’article, adoptant une approche relationnelle des relations formelles et informelles de Grave, se concentre sur le rôle de la chose imprimée dans l’activisme de Grave par le biais des trois journaux qu’il publia entre 1883 et 1914, et met l’accent sur ses relations transnationales et liens avec des cercles progressistes en France. Vu la place centrale de Grave et de ses publications dans le mouvement anarchiste français, cette approche biographique et relationnelle offre une base pour reconsidérer le fonctionnement et les grandes orientations stratégiques du communisme anarchiste français durant sa “période héroïque” (1870-1914), en soulignant ses ramifications et ses liens au-delà du mouvement anarchiste. Traduction: Christine Plard Constance Bantman. Jean Grave und der französische Anarchismus. Eine relationale Herangehensweise (1870er Jahre bis 1914). Der Beitrag schlägt eine biografische Herangehensweise an die Untersuchung des anarchistischen Aktivismus vor und wendet eine solche auf den französischen Journalisten, Herausgeber, Theoretiker, Romanautor, Pädagogen und Organisator politischer Kampagnen Jean Grave an. Bei Grave handelt es sich um eine der einflussreichsten Gestalten der französischen und internationalen anarchistischen Bewegung im Zeitraum zwischen den 1870er Jahren und dem Ersten Weltkrieg. Der Beitrag folgt einem relationalen Ansatz, bei dem es darum geht, Graves formelle und informelle Verbindungen zu anderen Personen nachzuzeichnen, und konzentriert sich auf die Rolle, die das gedruckte Wort in Graves Aktivismus gespielt hat, insbesondere in Form der drei Zeitungen, die er zwischen 1883 und 1914 herausgegeben hat. Dabei werden Graves länderübergreifende Kontakte und seine Verbindungen zu fortschrittlich eingestellten Kreisen in Frankreich hervorgehoben. Angesichts der zentralen Bedeutung, die sowohl Grave als auch seinen Veröffentlichungen für die französische anarchistische Bewegung zukommt, bietet die biografische und relationale Herangehensweise eine Grundlage für die Neubewertung der Wirkungsweise und der wesentlichen strategischen Ausrichtungen des französischen anarchistischen Kommunismus während seiner “heroischen Phase” (von den 1870er Jahren bis 1914), und zwar durch die Betonung transnationaler Verzweigungen und über die anarchistische Bewegung hinausreichender Verbindungen. Übersetzung: Max Henninger Constance Bantman. Jean Grave y el anarquismo francés: un enfoque relacional (1870–1914). En este artículo se propone un enfoque biográfico al estudio del activismo anarquista aplicado al periodista francés, editor, teórico, novelista, educador y movilizador Jean Grave, una de las figuras que ha tenido mayor influencia en el movimiento anarquista tanto francés como internacional entre finales de la década de 1870 y la Primera Guerra Mundial. A partir de una aproximación relacional se perfilan las conexiones tanto formales como informales de Grave y prest atención al papel de lo impreso en su activismo a partir del estudio de tres de los periódicos que el editó entre 1883 y 1914. Se destacan en el texto, además, las conexiones transnacionales y los vínculos con los círculos progresistas en Francia. Dado el lugar central que ocupan tanto la figura de Grave como sus publicaciones en el anarquismo francés, este enfoque biográfico y relacional que proponemos proporciona una base sobre la que replantear el funcionamiento y las orientaciones estratégicas fundamentales del anarco-comunismo francés a lo largo de su “periodo heroico” (entre la década de 1870 y 1914), prestando especial atención a las ramificaciones transnacionales y a los vínculos existentes tras el movimiento anarquista. Traducción: Vicent Sanz Rozalén

This book is a study of political exile and transnational activism in the late-Victorian period. It explores the history of about 500 French-speaking anarchists who lived in exile in London between 1880 and 1914, with a close focus on the 1890s, when their presence peaked. These individuals sought to escape intense repression in France, at a time when anarchist-inspired terrorism swept over the Western world. Until the 1905 Aliens Act, Britain was the exception in maintaining a liberal approach to the containment of anarchism and terrorism; it was therefore the choice destination of international exiled anarchists, just as it had been for previous generations of revolutionary exiles throughout the nineteenth century. These French groups in London played a strategic role in the reinvention of anarchism at a time of crisis, but also triggered intense moral panic in France, Britain and beyond. This study retraces the lives of these largely unknown individuals - how they struggled to get by in the great late-Victorian metropolis, their social and political interactions among themselves, with other exiled groups and their host society. The myths surrounding their rumoured terrorist activities are examined, as well as the constant overt and covert surveillance which French and British intelligence services kept over them. The debates surrounding the controversial asylum granted to international anarchists, and especially the French, are presented, showing their role in the redefinition of British liberalism. The political legacy of these 'London years' is also analysed, since exile contributed to the formation of small but efficient transnational networks, which were pivotal to the development and international dissemination of syndicalism and, less successfully, to anti-war propaganda in the run up to 1914.

This book is a study of political exile and transnational activism in the late-Victorian period. It explores the history of about 500 French-speaking anarchists who lived in exile in London between 1880 and 1914, with a close focus on the 1890s, when their presence peaked. These individuals sought to escape intense repression in France, at a time when anarchist-inspired terrorism swept over the Western world. Until the 1905 Aliens Act, Britain was the exception in maintaining a liberal approach to the containment of anarchism and terrorism; it was therefore the choice destination of international exiled anarchists, just as it had been for previous generations of revolutionary exiles throughout the nineteenth century. These French groups in London played a strategic role in the reinvention of anarchism at a time of crisis, but also triggered intense moral panic in France, Britain and beyond. This study retraces the lives of these largely unknown individuals – how they struggled to get by in the great late-Victorian metropolis, their social and political interactions among themselves, with other exiled groups and their host society. The myths surrounding their rumoured terrorist activities are examined, as well as the constant overt and covert surveillance which French and British intelligence services kept over them. The debates surrounding the controversial asylum granted to international anarchists, and especially the French, are presented, showing their role in the redefinition of British liberalism. The political legacy of these ‘London years’ is also analysed, since exile contributed to the formation of small but efficient transnational networks, which were pivotal to the development and international dissemination of syndicalism and, less successfully, to anti-war propaganda in the run up to 1914. Depicts the social and political lives of the few hundred French anarchists exiled in London between 1880 and 1914, and focuses on their transnational political activism, suspected terrorist activities, the police surveillance they were subjected to, and the epoch-making changes in immigration and asylum law which their presence eventually led to.