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The efficient removal of lignin is crucial for process optimization, as it enhances the exposure of polar groups in wood and provides interfacial binding sites for subsequent material modifications. In this study, an environmentally friendly peracetic acid/ hydrogen peroxide system was employed to delignify fast-growing wood. The results indicated mass loss rates of 30.7% for poplar and 31.3% for Chinese fir, with corresponding decreases in relative lignin content by 95.3% and 87.2%, respectively. Additionally, the specific surface area increased by 6.4% in poplar and 30.9% in Chinese fir. The relative crystallinity was enhanced by 31.2% in poplar and 15.7% in Chinese fir, and the O/C ratio increased by 29.6% and 19.7%, respectively. Microsocopic morphological analysis revealed noticeably thinner and slightly collapsed cell walls in the treated samples. The disappearance of lignin-specific peaks at 1507 cm −1 , 1460 cm −1 , and 1264 cm −1 confirmed the effective removal of lignin. Additionally, delignification resulted in a lower pyrolysis temperature, increased surface brightness, and reduced color variation. Due to the differences in internal structures and chemical compositions between poplar and Chinese fir, the effects of lignin removal varied, leading to significant changes in their physicochemical properties. These findings provide a theoretical foundational for lignin removal from wood and support future efforts in wood functionalization.

In this article, a novel route for the synthesis of graphene/TiO 2 continuous fibers (GTF) using force-spinning combined with water vapor annealing method is reported for the first time. The morphology, structure and optical properties of the composite were fully characterized. With a single step of heat treatment process using steam at ambient conditions, we were able to initiate a series of chemical reactions, such as reduction of graphene oxide (GO), crystallization of TiO 2 , formation of C-Ti bond, and introduction of oxygen vacancies into TiO 2 . The incorporation of graphene in TiO 2 fibers facilitated bandgap narrowing and improved photo-induced charge separation in the photocatalyst. As a result of synergistic effects, TiO 2 fibers-2 wt% graphene (2%GTF) showed the highest photocatalytic activities in the degradation of X-3B under UV irradiation, superior to the benchmark photocatalyst P25. Under visible light irradiation, the same catalyst was about 4 times more efficient compared to pure TiO 2 fibers (PTF). A detailed study of involved active species (in particular, · , h + and ·OH) unraveled the mechanism regarding photocatalysis.

The plasmonic Ag/AgCl@TiO2 fiber (S-CTF) photocatalyst was synthesized by a two-step approach, including the sol-gel and force spinning method for the preparation of TiO2 fibers (TF), and the impregnation-precipitation-photoreduction strategy for the deposition of Ag/AgCl onto the fibers. NaOH aqueous solution was utilized to hydrolyze TiCl4, to synthesize TF and remove the byproduct HCl, and the produced NaCl was recycled for the formation and deposition of Ag/AgCl. The surface morphology, specific surface area, textural properties, crystal structure, elemental compositions and optical absorption of S-CTF were characterized by a series of instruments. These results revealed that the AgCl and Ag0 species were deposited onto TF successfully, and the obtained S-CTF showed improved visible light absorption due to the surface plasmon resonance of Ag0. In the photocatalytic degradation of X-3B, S-CTF exhibited significantly enhanced activities under separate visible or UV light irradiation, in comparison to TF.

In this article, a novel route for the synthesis of graphene/TiO continuous fibers (GTF) using force-spinning combined with water vapor annealing method is reported for the first time. The morphology, structure and optical properties of the composite were fully characterized. With a single step of heat treatment process using steam at ambient conditions, we were able to initiate a series of chemical reactions, such as reduction of graphene oxide (GO), crystallization of TiO , formation of C-Ti bond, and introduction of oxygen vacancies into TiO . The incorporation of graphene in TiO fibers facilitated bandgap narrowing and improved photo-induced charge separation in the photocatalyst. As a result of synergistic effects, TiO fibers-2 wt% graphene (2%GTF) showed the highest photocatalytic activities in the degradation of X-3B under UV irradiation, superior to the benchmark photocatalyst P25. Under visible light irradiation, the same catalyst was about 4 times more efficient compared to pure TiO fibers (PTF). A detailed study of involved active species (in particular, ·, h and ·OH) unraveled the mechanism regarding photocatalysis.