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"Barber, Chris"
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Transformers : Optimus Prime
Explore the aftermath of Optimus Prime and his Autobots stopping an alien invasion of Earth. Diving into stories of war, peace, loss, regret, and redemption, this volume of Optimus Prime gives readers dramatic Transformers stories that spotlight the Autobots' present and past struggles while setting the stage for future surprises.
Book
The importance of expert review to clarify ambiguous situations for (Q)SAR predictions under ICH M7
The use of in silico predictions for the assessment of bacterial mutagenicity under the International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use (ICH) M7 guideline is recommended when two complementary (quantitative) structure-activity relationship (Q)SAR models are used. Using two systems may increase the sensitivity and accuracy of predictions but also increases the need to review predictions, particularly in situations where results disagree. During the 4th ICH M7/QSAR Workshop held during the Joint Meeting of the 6th Asian Congress on Environmental Mutagens (ACEM) and the 48th Annual Meeting of the Japanese Environmental Mutagen Society (JEMS) 2019, speakers demonstrated their approaches to expert review using 20 compounds provided ahead of the workshop that were expected to yield ambiguous (Q)SAR results. Dr. Chris Barber presented a selection of the reviews carried out using Derek Nexus and Sarah Nexus provided by Lhasa Limited. On review of these compounds, common situations were recognised and are discussed in this paper along with standardised arguments that may be used for such scenarios in future.
Journal Article
Transformers, G.I. Joe : first strike. Champions
The Transformers, G.I. Joe, Micronauts, Rom, and M.A.S.K.: Mobile Armored Strike Kommand get to shine in standalone stories setting up the ultimate Hasbro comic book event! First, with Cybertron under seige from Baron Ironblood, it's up to Optimus Prime and Arcee to defend their homeland, and the Revolutionaries team is caught in the middle! Then, back on Earth, Rom finds himself teaming up with the world's smallest heroes, the Micronauts! Can they prevent catastrophe, or is it already too late? And, with the team divided, G.I. Joe must confront dangers both in space and Earthside. Looks like they'll need some help from M.A.S.K.!
Book
Emerging trends in the UK incidence of occupational asthma: should we be worried?
While 15% of adult-onset asthma is estimated to have an occupational cause, there has been evidence of a downward trend in occupational asthma incidence in several European countries since the start of this millennium. However, recent data from The Health and Occupation Reporting network in the UK have suggested a possible reversal of this downward trend since 2014. We present these data and discuss possible explanations for this observed change in incidence trend. A high index of suspicion of occupational causation in new-onset asthma cases continues to be important, whether or not the recently observed increase in occupational asthma incidence in the UK is real or artefactual.
Journal Article
Artificial stone-associated silicosis in the UK
Correspondence to Dr Chris M Barber, Centre for Workplace Health, Health and Safety Executive, Harpur Hill, Buxton SK17 9JN, UK; chris.barber@hsl.gsi.gov.uk We read with interest the recent article by Hoy et al highlighting the risk of accelerated silicosis in workers installing kitchen and bathroom worktops.1 The Australian paper noted that artificial stone had been available in Australia since the early 2000s, and identified seven cases of silicosis diagnosed between 2011 and 2016. Similar levels of increased lymphocytes (35–41%) on BAL cellular analysis were also noted in two Spanish cases.4 This level of BAL lymphocytosis has not previously been noted in chronic silicosis and is typically found in other lung conditions such as sarcoidosis, a condition that shares many radiological features with silicosis.5 Hoy et al also reported that 5/7 Australian cases had undergone lung biopsies as part of their diagnostic work-up. An official American thoracic society clinical practice guideline: the clinical utility of bronchoalveolar lavage cellular analysis in interstitial lung disease.
Journal Article
Regional Ranking of Marine Turtle Nesting in Remote Western Australia by Integrating Traditional Ecological Knowledge and Remote Sensing
Western Australia’s remote Kimberley coastline spans multiple Traditional Owner estates. Marine turtle nesting distribution and abundance in Indigenous Protected Areas and newly declared Marine Parks were assessed by aerial photogrammetry surveys for the Austral summer and winter nesting seasons. Images of nesting tracks were quantified in the lab and verified by ad hoc ground patrols. The rankings of log-scaled plots of track abundance and density give guidance to regional co-management planning. Spatial and temporal differences were detected in that remoter islands had higher nesting usage and few terrestrial predators. The surveys found year-round green turtle nesting peaking in summer, as well as spatial boundaries to the summer and winter flatback stocks. Summer surveys recorded 126.2 island activities per km and 17.7 mainland activities per km. Winter surveys recorded 65.3 island activities per km and quantified a known winter mainland rookery with 888 tracks/km. The three highest density rookeries were found to be winter flatback turtles at Cape Domett, summer green turtles at the Lacepede Islands and summer flatback turtles at Eighty Mile Beach. Moderate to lesser density nesting by summer green turtles and winter flatback turtles occurred in the North Kimberley offshore islands. Traditional Ecological Knowledge and ground-based surveys verified the harder-to-detect species (olive ridley or hawksbill turtles) with irregular nesting, low track persistence and non-aggregated nesting. Higher-density rookeries may provide locations for long-term monitoring using repeated aerial or ground surveys; however, the sparse or infrequently nesting species require insights gleaned by Tradition Ecological Knowledge. Common and conspicuous nesters are easily detected and ranked, but better-informed co-management requires additional ground surveys or surveys timed with the reproductive peaks of rarer species.
Journal Article
A large-scale standardized physiological survey reveals functional organization of the mouse visual cortex
To understand how the brain processes sensory information to guide behavior, we must know how stimulus representations are transformed throughout the visual cortex. Here we report an open, large-scale physiological survey of activity in the awake mouse visual cortex: the Allen Brain Observatory Visual Coding dataset. This publicly available dataset includes the cortical activity of nearly 60,000 neurons from six visual areas, four layers, and 12 transgenic mouse lines in a total of 243 adult mice, in response to a systematic set of visual stimuli. We classify neurons on the basis of joint reliabilities to multiple stimuli and validate this functional classification with models of visual responses. While most classes are characterized by responses to specific subsets of the stimuli, the largest class is not reliably responsive to any of the stimuli and becomes progressively larger in higher visual areas. These classes reveal a functional organization wherein putative dorsal areas show specialization for visual motion signals.
Journal Article
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and the workplace
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a progressive respiratory disease associated with increasing morbidity and mortality worldwide. Whilst tobacco smoking is the important cause, other causes are recognized. This article discusses the contribution that harmful inhaled occupational exposures make to the overall burden of COPD, and goes on to discuss other aspects of the COPD workplace interface. Prevention is key. All healthcare professionals have a responsibility to consider workplace issues when dealing with their COPD patients.
Journal Article
What role for asbestos in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis? Findings from the IPF job exposures case–control study
BackgroundAsbestos has been hypothesised as the cause of the recent global increase in the incidence of ‘idiopathic’ pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Establishing this has important diagnostic and therapeutic implications. The association between occupational asbestos exposure and IPF, and interaction with a common (minor allele frequency of 9% in European populations) genetic variant associated with IPF, MUC5B rs35705950, is unknown.MethodsMulticentre, incident case–control study. Cases (n=494) were men diagnosed with IPF at 21 UK hospitals. Controls (n=466) were age-matched men who attended a hospital clinic in the same period. Asbestos exposure was assessed at interview using a validated job exposure matrix and a source-receptor model. The primary outcome was the association between asbestos exposure and IPF, estimated using logistic regression adjusted for age, smoking and centre. Interaction with MUC5B rs35705950 was investigated using a genetic dominant model.Results327 (66%) cases and 293 (63%) controls ever had a high or medium asbestos exposure risk job; 8% of both cases and controls had cumulative exposure estimates ≥25 fibre ml⁻¹ years. Occupational asbestos exposure was not associated with IPF, adjusted OR 1.1 (95% CI 0.8 to 1.4; p=0.6) and there was no gene–environment interaction (p=0.3). Ever smoking was associated with IPF, OR 1.4 (95% CI 1 to 1.9; p=0.04) and interacted with occupational asbestos exposure, OR 1.9 (95% CI 1 to 3.6; p=0.04). In a further non-specified analysis, when stratifying for genotype there was significant interaction between smoking and work in an exposed job (p<0.01) for carriers of the minor allele of MUC5B rs35705950.ConclusionOccupational asbestos exposure alone, or through interaction with MUC5B rs35705950 genotype, was not associated with IPF. Exposure to asbestos and smoking interact to increase IPF risk in carriers of a common genetic variant, the minor allele of MUC5B rs35705950.Trial registration number NCT03211507.
Journal Article