Explore the vast range of titles available.

Objective. To analyze the effectiveness of an educational intervention among nursing professionals and caregivers to prevent urinary tract infections in institutionalized elderly people. Methods. this is a quasi-experimental study carried out with 20 people (7 nurses and 13 formal caregivers). A questionnaire was applied during the pre-intervention stage, then professional training was carried out and finally, the questionnaire was reapplied 6 months after the intervention. The prevalence profile and factors associated with urinary infections in 116 elderly people was evaluated before and after the educational interventions. Statistical analysis was performed using association and correlation tests, logistic regression model comparison and prevalence rates. Results. The average number of correct answers by the nursing professionals and caregivers after the educational intervention increased from the pre to the post-test by 52% regarding signs of urinary infection, 32% regarding its symptoms, 72.5% regarding its treatment, 40% regarding personal/behavioral and morbidity-related risk factors, 59% regarding conditional factors and 43.8% regarding its preventive measures. The team of caregivers showed a greater gain in knowledge compared to the nursing team in almost every question (p<0.05). The length of time working in elderly care showed no positive correlation with any variable (R<1; p>0.05). The prevalence of urinary tract infection in the pre-intervention period was 33.62%, and 20% in the post-intervention period. Conclusion. The educational intervention was effective in preventing urinary tract infections in the elderly. The increased knowledge acquired by nurses and caregivers was associated with a reduction in the infection rate and an improvement in the most prevalent modifiable factors for the development of this type of pathology.

We aimed to evaluate the impact of an educational intervention on the surface cleaning and disinfection of an emergency room. This is an interventional, prospective, longitudinal, analytical and comparative study. Data collection consisted of three stages (Stage 1—baseline, Stage 2—intervention and immediate assessment, Stage 3—long term assessment). For the statistical analysis, we used a significance level of α = 0.05. The Wilcoxon and the Mann–Whitney test tests were applied. We performed 192 assessments in each stage totaling 576 evaluations. Considering the ATP method, the percentage of approval increased after the educational intervention, as the approval rate for ATP was 25% (Stage 1), immediately after the intervention it went to 100% of the approval (Stage 2), and in the long run, 75% of the areas have been fully approved. Stage 1 showed the existence of significant differences between the relative light units (RLU) scores on only two surfaces assessed: dressing cart (p = 0.021) and women’s toilet flush handle (p = 0.014); Stage 2 presented three results with significant differences for ATP: dressing cart (p = 0.014), women’s restroom door handle (p = 0.014) and women’s toilet flush handle (p = 0.014); in step III, there was no significant difference for the ATP method. Therefore, conclusively, the educational intervention had a positive result in the short term for ATP; however, the same rates are not observed with the colony-forming units (CFU), due to their high sensitivity and the visual inspection method since four surfaces had defects in their structure.

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the presence of flu-like syndrome suggestive of COVID-19 in men who have sex with men (MSM) and engaged in casual sex during a period of social isolation. Method: National epidemiological survey, applied in April and May 2020, by adaptation of Respondent Drive Sampling. Results: 1,337 MSM participated in the survey, of which 514 (38.4%) had fever associated with another sign or symptom of flu-like syndrome. Social, demographic characteristics, sexual practices and activities during the period of social isolation were statistically associated with the presence of flu-like syndrome. There was a statistical difference (p < 0.001) in the average of partners between those who had signs and symptoms of flu-like syndrome (3.5) and those who did not (1.7). Conclusion: Evidence of signs and symptoms indicative of flu-like syndrome suggestive of COVID 19 in Brazilian MSM who were involved in casual sex during the period of social isolation. RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a presença de síndrome gripal suspeita de COVID-19 em homens que fazem sexo com homens (HSH) e se envolveram em sexo com parceiro casual durante período de distanciamento social. Método: Inquérito epidemiológico, de abrangência nacional, aplicado em abril e maio de 2020, por adaptação do Respondent Drive Sampling. Resultados: 1.337 HSHs participaram da pesquisa, dos quais 514 (38,4%) tiveram febre associada a outro sinal ou sintoma de síndrome gripal. Características sociais, demográficas, práticas e atividades sexuais durante o período de distanciamento social foram estaticamente associadas à presença de síndrome gripal. Houve diferença estatística (p < 0,001) na média de parceiros entre aqueles que tiveram sinais e sintomas de síndrome gripal (3,5) e aqueles que não os tiveram (1,7). Conclusão: Evidencia-se ocorrência de sinais e sintomas indicativos de síndrome gripal sugestiva de COVID19 em HSHs brasileiros que se envolveram em sexo casual durante o período do distanciamento social. RESUMEN Objetivo: Evaluar la presencia de síndrome gripal sospecha de COVID-19 en hombres que tienen sexo con hombres (HSH) y se envolvieron en sexo con pareja ocasional durante distanciamiento social. Método: Averiguación epidemiológica, de abarcamiento nacional, aplicado en abril y mayo de 2020, por adaptación del Respondent Drive Sampling. Resultados: 1.337 HSHs participaron de la investigación, de los cuales 514 (38,4%) tuvieron fiebre relacionada a otra señal o síntoma de síndrome gripal. Características sociales, demográficas, prácticas y actividades sexuales durante el distanciamiento social han estáticamente relacionadas a la presencia de síndrome gripal. Hubo diferencia estadística (p < 0,001) en la media de parejas entre aquellos que tuvieron señales y síntomas de síndrome gripal (3,5) y aquellos que no los tuvieron (1,7). Conclusión: Se evidencia ocurrencia de señales y síntomas indicativos de síndrome gripal sugestivo de COVID-19 en HSHs brasileños que se envolvieron en sexo ocasional durante el período del distanciamiento social.

Objective: to verify the association between the health-related quality of life of chronic renal patients on hemodialysis with sociodemographic, clinical, depression and medication adherence characteristics. Method: a cross-sectional study with 183 chronic renal patients undergoing hemodialysis in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. A sociodemographic and clinical questionnaire, Kidney Disease and Quality of Life Short-Form, Beck Depression Inventory and Morisky Medication Adherence Scale - eight items were used. Among the variables, comorbidities, complications of kidney disease and intercurrences during and after hemodialysis were evaluated. The analysis was performed with descriptive and analytical statistics. Results: 55.2% of the patients were 60 years old or older, 35.0% were hypertensive, with regular quality of life, average of 62.61. Scores below average in the dimensions of quality of life were mainly associated with repetitive infections and edema as complications of the disease, pain during hemodialysis and weakness afterwards. Low drug adherence resulted in a worse quality of life, impacting ten of the 20 dimensions evaluated and depression in all, except for patient satisfaction. Conclusion: reduced quality of life in this population is associated with depressive symptoms, complications such as repetitive infections, pain and anemia, weakness after the dialysis session and low medication adherence. Actions aimed at changing these factors can promote well-being. Objetivo: verificar a associação entre a qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde de pacientes renais crônicos em hemodiálise com as características sociodemográficas, clínicas, depressão e adesão medicamentosa. Método: pesquisa transversal com 183 pacientes renais crônicos em hemodiálise do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Foram utilizados questionário sociodemográfico e clínico, Kidney Disease and Quality of Life Short-Form, Inventário de Depressão de Beck e Escala de Adesão à Medicação de Morisky - oito itens. Entre as variáveis foram avaliadas comorbidades, complicações da doença renal e intercorrências durante e após a hemodiálise. A análise foi feita com estatística descritiva e analítica. Resultados: 55,2% dos pacientes tinham 60 anos ou mais, 35,0% eram hipertensos, com qualidade de vida regular, média de 62,61. Escores abaixo da média nas dimensões de qualidade de vida foram associados, principalmente, às infecções repetitivas e ao edema como complicações da doença, dor durante a hemodiálise e fraqueza após. A baixa adesão medicamentosa repercutiu em uma pior qualidade de vida com impacto em dez das 20 dimensões avaliadas e depressão em todas, exceto satisfação do paciente. Conclusão: a qualidade de vida reduzida nessa população associa-se aos sintomas depressivos, complicações como infecções repetitivas, dor e anemia, fraqueza após a sessão dialítica e baixa adesão medicamentosa. Ações direcionadas à modificação desses fatores podem promover bem-estar. Objetivo: verificar la asociación entre la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud de los pacientes renales crónicos sometidos a hemodiálisis con las características sociodemográficas, clínicas, de depresión y de adhesión a la medicación. Método: estudio transversal con 183 pacientes renales crónicos sometidos a hemodiálisis en el estado de Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Se utilizaron cuestionario sociodemográfico y clínico, Kidney Disease and Quality of Life Short-Form, Inventario de Depresión de Beck y Escala de adhesión a la Medicación Morisky - ocho ítems. Entre las variables, se evaluaron las comorbilidades, las complicaciones de la enfermedad renal y las complicaciones durante y después de la hemodiálisis. El análisis se realizó con estadística descriptiva y analítica. Resultados: el 55.2% de los pacientes tenían 60 años o más, 35,0% eran hipertensos, con calidad de vida regular, promedio de 62.61. Puntuaciones por debajo del promedio en las dimensiones de calidad de vida se asociaron, principalmente, con infecciones repetitivas y edema como complicaciones de la enfermedad, dolor durante la hemodiálisis y debilidad posterior. La baja adhesión a los medicamentos repercutió en una peor calidad de vida, afectando diez de las 20 dimensiones evaluadas y la depresión en todos, excepto la satisfacción del paciente. Conclusión: la calidad de vida reducida en esta población se asocia con síntomas depresivos, complicaciones como infecciones repetitivas, dolor y anemia, debilidad después de la sesión de diálisis y baja adhesión a la medicación. Las acciones dirigidas a cambiar estos factores pueden promover el bienestar.

The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are a global initiative launched by the United Nations (UN) in September 2015 as part of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, whose objectives summarize a universal call to action to end poverty, protect the environment and ensure that all people have access to opportunities and well-being, all in an equitable and sustainable way(1'2).The 17 interconnected goals and 169 specific targets covering a wide range of social, economic and environmental issues were developed in pursuit of overcoming the most pressing challenges facing the world, including poverty, hunger, health, education, gender equality, clean water, sanitation, affordable energy, economic growth, decent work, reduced inequalities, sustainable cities, climate action, life in water, life on land, peace, justice, among others(2). Global inequalities have intensified, catastrophically affecting the most vulnerable groups, placing hundreds of millions of people in extreme poverty(4).The SDGs have been put to the test and, unfortunately, many global risk factors have not changed, leading to permanent alert for future health emergencies and potential new pandemics(5). [...]more than ever, the commitment to implementing concrete actions in relation to achieving the SDGs is necessary. [...]nursing is intrinsically aligned and committed to the SDGs in its daily lives, acting as an essential pillar in promoting health and combating inequalities, playing a vital role in promoting health, gender equality, reducing inequalities and even building more just and peaceful societies, by ensuring equal access to quality health care.

Background Violence against people with intellectual disabilities is unfortunately a reality all over the world, as they are one of the populations most vulnerable to various forms of aggression. Assertive prevention and control measures are crucial to tackle and reduce this problem. The aim of this study was to map and summarize the main measures for preventing and controlling domestic violence against people with intellectual disabilities.  Methods This was a scoping review conducted in accordance with the JBI guidelines. The databases consulted were: National Library of Medicine (PubMed); Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Web of Science; Excerpta Medica DataBASE (EMBASE); Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (LILACS) and SCOPUS. Studies included in this review reported on strategies to address domestic violence against people with intellectual disabilities, published in  the last ten years, in Portuguese, Spanish or English. Results A total of 11 studies were included in this review. Six studies had high methodological quality and five had moderate. Cognitive-behavioral intervention programs, educational  technologies and/or auxiliary tools, along with the full participation of people with intellectual disabilities in domestic violence prevention measures are appropriate strategies for dealing with this issue. Conclusion Domestic violence against people with intellectual disabilities is relatively unexplored in the health-field scientific literature. Prevention and control measures should be developed with the active involvement of people with intellectual disabilities, generating engagement and knowledge. Preventive measures should be adapted to the personal context and conditions of individuals with special needs, such as those with persistent or chronic mental disorders.

ABSTRACT Objectives: to evaluate the efficiency of educational interventions related to the knowledge of health care professionals of Primary Care and to verify the impact on the vertical transmission rates of congenital syphilis. Method: a quasi-experimental study conducted in the city of Londrina, Paraná, between 2013 and 2015. An educational intervention on diagnosis, treatment and notification was carried out with 102 professionals with knowledge measurement before and after the intervention. Incidence and mortality data from congenital syphilis were taken from the system for notifiable diseases (SINAN) and the Mortality Information System (SIM). Excel tabulation and statistical analysis was done in the Statistical Package for Social Sciences, version 2.1. A descriptive and inferential analysis was performed. Results: the mean number of correct responses increased from 53% to 74.3% after the intervention (p < 0.01). The adherence to professional training was 92.6%. There was a significant reduction in the vertical transmission rate of syphilis from 75% in 2013 to 40.2% in 2015. In 2014 and 2015 there were no records of infant mortality from this condition. Conclusion: the educational intervention significantly increased the knowledge of health professionals about syphilis and collaborated to reduce the rate of vertical transmission of the disease. RESUMEN Objetivo: evaluar la eficiencia de la intervención educacional en el conocimiento de los profesionales de la salud de la Atención Primaria y verificar el impacto en las tasas de transmisión vertical de la sífilis congénita. Método: estudio casi experimental, realizado en la ciudad de Londrina, Paraná, en el período entre 2013 y 2015. Fue realizada una intervención educacional sobre diagnóstico, tratamiento y notificación, con 102 profesionales, midiendo el conocimiento antes y después de la intervención. Los datos de incidencia y mortalidad por la sífilis congénita fueron obtenidos del Sistema de Información de Enfermedades de Notificación (SINAN) y del Sistema de Información sobre Mortalidad (SIM). La tabulación fue realizada en el Excel y el análisis estadístico en el Statistical Package for Social Sciences, versión 2.1. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo e inferencial. Resultados: la media de respuestas correctas pasó de 53% para 74,3%, después de la intervención (p < 0,01). La adhesión al entrenamiento de los profesionales fue de 92,6%. Existió reducción importante en la tasa de transmisión vertical de la sífilis de 75% en 2013 para 40,2% en 2015. En 2014 y 2015 no ocurrieron registros de mortalidad infantil por esa enfermedad. Conclusión: la intervención educacional aumentó significativamente el conocimiento de los profesionales de la salud sobre la sífilis y colaboró para la reducción de la tasa de transmisión vertical de la enfermedad. RESUMO Objetivos: avaliar a eficiência da intervenção educacional no conhecimento dos profissionais de saúde da Atenção Básica e verificar o impacto nas taxas de transmissão vertical da sífilis congênita. Método: estudo quase-experimental, conduzido na cidade de Londrina, Paraná, no período entre 2013 e 2015. Foi realizada intervenção educacional sobre diagnóstico, tratamento e notificação com 102 profissionais com medida do conhecimento antes e após a intervenção. Os dados de incidência e mortalidade pela sífilis congênita foram retirados do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN) e do Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade (SIM). A tabulação em Excel e a análise estatística no Statistical Package for Social Sciences, versão 2.1. Realizou-se análise descritiva e inferencial. Resultados: a média de respostas corretas passou de 53% para 74,3% após a intervenção (p < 0,01). A adesão ao treinamento dos profissionais foi de 92,6%. Existiu redução importante na taxa de transmissão vertical da sífilis de 75% em 2013 para 40,2% em 2015. Em 2014 e 2015 não ocorreram registros de mortalidade infantil por esse agravo. Conclusão: a intervenção educacional aumentou significativamente o conhecimento dos profissionais de saúde sobre a sífilis e colaborou para a redução da taxa de transmissão vertical do agravo.

Background: Kidney transplant recipients are a group of patients at risk for healthcare-related infections. The results of this study make an important clinical contribution and contribute to findings options to decrease the infection-related morbidity and mortality that affects this patient population. Objectives: We evaluated the prevalence of colonization by multidrug-resistant bacteria, Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC)–producing bacteria, vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE), and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in renal transplant patients; we identified the infection rate, morbidity, and mortality in this population. Methods: Prospective cohort study was conducted at the Kidney and Hypertension Hospital from 2012 to 2015. This project was approved by the Unifesp Research Ethics Committee (no. 1630/11) and an informed consent form was obtained from patients included in the study. Study protocol: Data collection was performed in 2 phases: within the first 24 hours after transplantation and 7 days after transplantation. For all included patients, the following data were collected: identification data, clinical data, and laboratory tests of the first day in the study. All included patients (colonized or not) were followed prospectively for 6 months or until treatment change or death. Results: The study included 200 renal transplant patients in accordance with the inclusion and exclusion criteria. We observed that 76 (38%) patients included in our sample were colonized; 8% S. aureus , 11% Enterococcus , and 19% K. pneumoniae . We verified the presence of concomitant colonization of 1 or more of these pathogens. The most prevalent concomitance identified in our population was E. coli and K. pneumoniae . We identified the presence of diabetes and diabetes associated with hypertension as risk factor for colonization. Thus, patients with more systemic complications may be at risk for colonization by multidrug-resistant bacteria. Another risk factor for colonization was antibiotic use in the 6 months prior to transplantation. Transplant-related outcomes were length of stay after transplantation, delayed graft function (ie, dialysis after the transplantation) and postoperative care in an intensive care unit. At the 6-month follow-up, we identified urinary infection and surgical site infection as risk factors. One death occurred due to stroke in the group of colonized patients, unrelated to infectious causes. Conclusions: These results show fundamental aspects for health professionals for bacterial characterization, transmission, and resistance mechanisms and, mainly, tools for prevention and control of multidrug-resistant bacteria from patients colonized under conservative treatment before the complexity of high-risk procedures begins, such as dialysis and transplantation to reduce morbidity and mortality. Funding: FAPESP São Paulo Research Support Foundation Disclosures: None

This study aims to describe the development of a prototype of paired mobile applications for community health workers and users as a strategy to increase vaccination adherence. This is a methodological study of technological production using prototyping. The construction followed the human-centered design model, characterized by being a collaborative process focused on the person for the person. The development of the applications took place in four stages. The technical-scientific content of the application was built according to the recommendations and information from the National Immunization Program of the Brazilian Ministry of Health. The goal of the prototype developed for community health agents is to assist in managing the vaccines of users assigned to their microareas. The user application aims to provide reliable information about vaccines and alert reminders for vaccination adherence. The paired applications help in actively seeking users with incomplete vaccinations and applying other timely interventions, such as health education and self-management for health seeking.