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Background/purpose – This paper aims to examine school mentors’ assessments on the degree of competences developed by preservice (candidate) teachers they supervise during teaching practicum (TP).Materials/methods – A descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted with a questionnaire applied to 373 school mentors for the evaluation of competences of 989 preservice teachers studying Early Childhood Education or Primary Education degrees at the end of three TP periods conducted in schools located in one region of Spain.Results – From the perspective of school mentors, this study highlights that preservice teachers’ competences are progressively developed during periods of TP in teacher education. The results show a more positive assessment of the school mentors about the development of the preservice teachers’ personal competences than their professional competences.Conclusion – The main contribution of this study is the innovative approach applied to competence development in the TP, based on school mentors as the assessors.

This article examines student teacher perceptions regarding the benefits of the teacher education practicum. For this purpose, a cross-sectional study was performed using a questionnaire. Participants consisted of 455 students from the Early Childhood and Primary Education Degrees studying at a university in the Madrid community. The questionnaire was administered between the academic years of 2017/2018 and 2021/2022 (2019/2020 was excluded due to the pandemic), at the end of each practicum period of the 2 nd , 3 rd , and 4 th year courses of the distinct teaching student cohorts. Results were analyzed based on a quantitative perspective, revealing relevant benefit and utility profiles, confirming that the variable that most modulates student perception is the Practicum period (finding lower scores for the intermediate practicum), followed by the gender variable, and finally, the Degree variable, which has the most stable results. These findings are discussed, highlighting certain proposals to improve teaching practicum programs, and to encourage a better knowledge of the teaching practicum in terms of its benefits and usefulness, considering the teacher candidate perspective.

Initial teacher training takes place in various contexts, mainly at university and in schools. In recent years, several studies have focused on the exploration of how learning takes place in these scenarios, considering perspectives, designs and various approaches to research. The current paper contributes to this line of research by addressing two objectives, namely: to analyze the perception of Education students about the type of learning that takes place at university and in the schools, during the practicum, and to explore their beliefs of effective connection. For this, a qualitative study has been carried out, based on the application of a questionnaire with open questions. The participants were 36 students from the third (58%) and fourth (42%) years of the Degrees in Early Childhood Education and Primary Education of the higher education institution that has been the object of study. The results show that students perceive the centrality of the practicum in their training process, although they highlight the importance of the learning that the university, as a context, provides. Four images of the university-practicum link emerge from the study, which may help understand the relationship between theory and practice: unidirectional, bidirectional, indirect or not very apparent, and breach or gap. The conclusions of the present study recommend rethinking the syllabus, in order to bring the reality of schools closer to university training, consider organizational aspects for the development of the practicum, and enhance narrative strategies during the practicum, from the standpoint of observation, analysis of situations, and reflective practice. La formación inicial del profesorado se desarrolla en diversos contextos, fundamentalmente en la universidad y en los centros educativos. Durante los últimos años, muchos estudios se han centrado en explorar qué aprendizajes se desarrollan en estos escenarios, considerando perspectivas, diseños y enfoques de investigación muy variados. Este artículo contribuye a esta línea de investigación abordando dos objetivos, a saber: analizar la percepción de los estudiantes de magisterio sobre los aprendizajes que se desarrollan en la universidad y en los centros educativos, durante el prácticum, y explorar sus creencias de conexión efectiva. Para ello, se llevó a cabo un estudio cualitativo a partir de un cuestionario con preguntas abiertas. Participaron 36 estudiantes de tercer (58%) y cuarto (42%) curso de los Grados en Educación Infantil y Educación Primaria pertenecientes al centro universitario objeto del estudio. Los resultados muestran, entre otros aspectos, que los estudiantes valoran la centralidad del prácticum en su proceso formativo; si bien, destacan la importancia de los aprendizajes que la universidad, como contexto, proporciona. Del estudio emergen cuatro imágenes del vínculo universidad-prácticum, que pueden ayudar a comprender la relación teoría-práctica: relación unidireccional, bidireccional, indirecta o poco manifiesta y ruptura o brecha. Las conclusiones de esta investigación recomiendan, especialmente, repensar el plan de estudios para acercar la realidad de las escuelas a la formación universitaria, considerar aspectos organizativos para el desarrollo del prácticum y potenciar estrategias narrativas durante el prácticum desde la observación, el análisis de situaciones y la práctica reflexiva.

El aprendizaje cooperativo es un método de enseñanza que promueve el aprendizaje activo entre los estudiantes, también en la universidad. La presente investigación analiza la aplicación de esta metodología en la docencia universitaria de tercer curso de los grados de Educación Infantil y Educación Primaria a través de la perspectiva de los estudiantes, docentes en formación. Para ello, se llevó a cabo un análisis transversal con un diseño no experimental, descriptivo y una muestra de 306 universitarios que respondieron la Cooperative Learning Application Scale (CLAS) (Atxurra et al., 2015). Los resultados muestran una mayor puntuación en las dimensiones Habilidades sociales, Interacción e Interdependencia positiva, y menores puntuaciones en las dimensiones Evaluación, Reflexión grupal y Tutoría. A través de un análisis refinado se encontraron diferencias en algunas dimensiones considerando las variables titulación y sexo, que se discuten en el artículo. Estos resultados pueden ofrecer orientaciones metodológicas que guíen la aplicación del aprendizaje cooperativo, que pasan por adoptar enfoques particulares de evaluación, estimular la reflexión y fortalecer el rol docente como orientador. Los hallazgos, además, aportan nuevos conocimientos al marco conceptual sobre el aprendizaje cooperativo en educación superior en el contexto de la formación inicial del profesorado de Educación Infantil y Primaria.

La formación inicial del profesorado se desarrolla en diversos contextos, fundamentalmente en la universidad y en los centros educativos. Durante los últimos años, muchos estudios se han centrado en explorar qué aprendizajes se desarrollan en estos escenarios, considerando perspectivas, diseños y enfoques de investigación muy variados. Este artículo contribuye a esta línea de investigación abordando dos objetivos, a saber: analizar la percepción de los estudiantes de magisterio sobre los aprendizajes que se desarrollan en la universidad y en los centros educativos, durante el practicum, y explorar sus creencias de conexión efectiva. Para ello, se llevó a cabo un estudio cualitativo a partir de un cuestionario con preguntas abiertas. Participaron 36 estudiantes de tercer (58%) y cuarto (42%) curso de los Grados en Educación Infantil y Educación Primaria pertenecientes al centro universitario objeto del estudio. Los resultados muestran, entre otros aspectos, que los estudiantes valoran la centralidad del practicum en su proceso formativo; si bien, destacan la importancia de los aprendizajes que la universidad, como contexto, proporciona. Del estudio emergen cuatro imágenes del vínculo universidad-practicum, que pueden ayudar a comprender la relación teoría-práctica: relación unidireccional, bidireccional, indirecta o poco manifiesta y ruptura o brecha. Las conclusiones de esta investigación recomiendan, especialmente, repensar el plan de estudios para acercar la realidad de las escuelas a la formación universitaria, considerar aspectos organizativos para el desarrollo del practicum y potenciar estrategias narrativas durante el practicum desde la observación, el análisis de situaciones y la práctica reflexiva.

Background Chronic venous insufficiency, in its final stage can cause venous ulcers. Venous ulcers have a prevalence of 0.5 % to 0.8 % in the general population, and increases starting at 60 years of age. This condition often causes increased dependency in affected individuals, as well as a perceived reduced quality of life and family overload. Local Treating chronic venous ulcers has 2 components: topically healing the ulcer and controlling the venous insufficiency. There is evidence that compressive therapy favours the healing process of venous ulcers. The studies we have found suggest that the use of multilayer bandage systems is more effective than the use of bandages with a single component, these are mostly using in Spain. Multilayer compression bandages with 2 layers are equally effective in the healing process of chronic venous ulcers as 4-layer bandages and are better tolerated and preferenced by patients. More studies are needed to specifically compare the 2-layer bandages systems in the settings where these patients are usually treated. Method/design Randomised, controlled, parallel, multicentre clinical trial, with 12 weeks of follow-up and blind evaluation of the response variable. The objective is to assess the efficacy of multilayer compression bandages (2 layers) compared with crepe bandages, based on the incidence of healed venous ulcers in individuals treated in primary care nursing consultations, at 12 weeks of follow-up. The study will include 216 individuals (108 per branch) with venous ulcers treated in primary care nursing consultations. The primary endpoint is complete healing at 12 weeks of follow-up. The secondary endpoints are the degree of healing (Resvech.2), quality of life (CCVUQ-e), adverse reactions related to the healing process. Prognosis and demographic variables are also recorder. Effectiveness analysis using Kaplan-Meier curves, a log-rank test and a Cox regression analysis. The analysis was performed by intention to treat. Discussion The study results can contribute to improving the care and quality of life of patients with venous ulcers, decreasing healing times and healthcare expenditure and contributing to the consistent treatment of these lesions. Trial registration This study has been recorded in the Clinical Trials.gov site with the code NCT02364921 . 17 February 2015.

This paper focuses on reviewing significant evidence about cooperative learning in comparison to competitive and individual situations. To do this, we identified the factors that improve or limit its application together with the impact of technology on this methodology. This evidence was the result of 18 meta-analyses made between 1980 and 2010. Meta-analysis is defined as the statistical analysis of a large collection of results that concern a research issue and come from individual studies with the idea of integrating their conclusions. The English and Spanish descriptors used were aprendizaje cooperativo, aprendizaje colaborativo, cooperative learning, collaborative learning and other terms related to meta-analysis such as evidencias significativas, mejores evidencias, integración de resultados, revisión sistemática, síntesis cuantitativa, meta-analysis, best-evidence, integrating findings, systematic integration, systematic review, synthesis. The search was not referred to any particular period of time. The resources and databases reviewed were extracted from the Web of Knowledge, Google Scholar, and the list of references given in the meta-analysis. The results show that cooperative learning, as a methodology, is more appropriate than other traditional methodologies. Its application in the new higher education context, as a result of the European Higher Education Area, can open the way for the inclusion of active and innovative teaching methodologies. So, the challenge for the faculty consists on integrating research, innovation and evaluation in their teaching in order to improve educational quality levels. In short, cooperative learning becomes a valuable indicator and a suitable tool to forecast positive results. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]

Una asignatura clave en la formación inicial de los maestros es el Prácticum, en el que los tutores de los centros de prácticas cumplen un papel esencial como nexo entre la universidad y la escuela. Desde este rol este estudio pretende conocer cuáles son las competencias profesionales del maestro de Educación Primaria desde la perspectiva de estos tutores y su percepción sobre el logro de las mismas en la formación que imparte este Grado. Con una muestra de 131 tutores, pertenecientes a centros educativos de diversa titularidad de la Comunidad de Madrid, se desarrolla un estudio descriptivo y transversal mediante cuestionario ad hoc, compuesto por cuarenta ítems y validado por expertos. Los hallazgos confirman la percepción favorable de los tutores respecto a la importancia de las competencias profesionales incluidas en la formación inicial de esta titulación, destacando, a su vez, las carencias formativas especialmente en la dimensión social y personal de su función profesional. Estos resultados, contrarios a las directrices supranacionales del maestro del siglo XXI y a las investigaciones que se están desarrollando, demandan una revisión del perfil del maestro acorde con la escuela del siglo XXI. Esta realidad apunta a que todavía existe una separación radical entre la formación inicial del maestro y las demandas de la sociedad. Analizar estas propuestas y redefinir los contenidos competenciales que deben estar presentes en el diseño del título del maestro de Primaria es una necesidad imperante por la que aboga este trabajo.

Background: Chronic venous insufficiency, in its final stage can cause venous ulcers. Venous ulcers have a prevalence of 0.5 % to 0.8 % in the general population, and increases starting at 60 years of age. This condition often causes increased dependency in affected individuals, as well as a perceived reduced quality of life and family overload. Local Treating chronic venous ulcers has 2 components: topically healing the ulcer and controlling the venous insufficiency. There is evidence that compressive therapy favours the healing process of venous ulcers. The studies we have found suggest that the use of multilayer bandage systems is more effective than the use of bandages with a single component, these are mostly using in Spain. Multilayer compression bandages with 2 layers are equally effective in the healing process of chronic venous ulcers as 4-layer bandages and are better tolerated and preferenced by patients. More studies are needed to specifically compare the 2-layer bandages systems in the settings where these patients are usually treated. Method/design: Randomised, controlled, parallel, multicentre clinical trial, with 12 weeks of follow-up and blind evaluation of the response variable. The objective is to assess the efficacy of multilayer compression bandages (2 layers) compared with crepe bandages, based on the incidence of healed venous ulcers in individuals treated in primary care nursing consultations, at 12 weeks of follow-up. The study will include 216 individuals (108 per branch) with venous ulcers treated in primary care nursing consultations. The primary endpoint is complete healing at 12 weeks of follow-up. The secondary endpoints are the degree of healing (Resvech.2), quality of life (CCVUQ-e), adverse reactions related to the healing process. Prognosis and demographic variables are also recorded. Effectiveness analysis using Kaplan-Meier curves, a log-rank test and a Cox regression analysis. The analysis was performed by intention to treat. Discussion: The study results can contribute to improving the care and quality of life of patients with venous ulcers, decreasing healing times and healthcare expenditure and contributing to the consistent treatment of these lesions. References