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The need to rapidly respond to health emergencies has generated various institutional initiatives to identify their location, through mapping. This study employs a qualitative-exploratory method, based on the daily monitoring of eight Ebola epidemics between 2013 and 2021, to make an assessment of the usefulness of maps created specifically for Ebola. The results show that at least 14 organisations produce maps in the face of emergencies and epidemics such as Ebola. Consequently, it has been possible to design a search plan to aid in the monitoring of emergencies and to design an Ebola map with data obtained from these organisations and the initiatives they promote, which confirms the usefulness of these data sources and maps.

Reseña de: Reques Velasco, Pedro y Afonso, Luiekakio (2017). África como reto demográfico. Angola como paradigma. (Africa as a demographic challenge. Angola as a paradigm). Madrid: Casa África y Libros de la Catarata, 112 pp. ISBN: 978-84-9097-278-6.

The need to rapidly respond to health emergencies has generated various institutional initiatives to identify their location, through mapping. This study employs a qualitative-exploratory method, based on the daily monitoring of eight Ebola epidemics between 2013 and 2021, to make an assessment of the usefulness of maps created specifically for Ebola. The results show that at least 14 organisations produce maps in the face of emergencies and epidemics such as Ebola. Consequently, it has been possible to design a search plan to aid in the monitoring of emergencies and to design an Ebola map with data obtained from these organisations and the initiatives they promote, which confirms the usefulness of these data sources and maps.

El marco de referencia de este trabajo es la Geografía de la Salud, ámbito desde el que pretendemos estudiar la epidemia de Ébola que durante 2014 y 2015 asoló Sierra Leona, Liberia y Guinea. Hemos expuesto la situación actual de la epidemiología y estudiado el Ébola como paso previo para situar este trabajo, en el que vamos a investigar algunos aspectos demográficos y sanitarios anteriores a la epidemia, la evolución de la misma y algunas de sus consecuencias. Finalmente hemos relacionado, a nivel provincial, el número de casos de Ébola con la información geográfica recopilada a lo largo del trabajo. Como consecuencia de todo lo anterior hemos obtenido unas conclusiones que esperamos puedan ser de alguna utilidad. Abstract This work’s background is Health Geography. From this we aim to analyse Ebola epidemic which in 2014 and 2015 devastated Sierra Leona, Liberia and Guinea. We have showed current status of epidemiology and have studied Ebola as a preliminary step to delimitate this work, in which we investigate various demographic and sanitary issues previous to Ebola epidemic, as well as the epidemic evolution and some epidemic effects. Lastly, we have linked at provincial level the number of Ebola cases with the geographic data collected across the work. As a result of the above, we have reached a few conclusions which we expect to be useful.

The need to rapidly respond to health emergencies has generated various institutional initiatives to identify their location, through mapping. This study employs a qualitative-exploratory method, based on the daily monitoring of eight Ebola epidemics between 2013 and 2021, to make an assessment of the usefulness of maps created specifically for Ebola. The results show that at least 14 organisations produce maps in the face of emergencies and epidemics such as Ebola. Consequently, it has been possible to design a search plan to aid in the monitoring of emergencies and to design an Ebola map with data obtained from these organisations and the initiatives they promote, which confirms the usefulness of these data sources and maps.

Las fuentes de información, además de las esperables como Banco Africano de Desarrollo, Banco Mundial o Naciones Unidas, incluyen también otras como Mapa Global, DIVA-GIS o el International Trade Centre, la agencia conjunta de la Organización Mundial del Comercio y Naciones Unidas encargada de apoyar con asistencia técnica las exportaciones de los países pobres. Considera Reques que África es un espacio emergente al menos por cinco razones: sus riquezas naturales, el enorme dividendo demográfico que se irá fraguando a lo largo del siglo XXI, su clase media en ascenso, la creciente inversión extranjera y sus capacidades endógenas, entre las que se cuentan desde el potencial agrícola hasta su íntima idiosincrasia humana y cultural. Gran parte de esta inmigración es ilegal, generando conflictos internos en Angola y problemas con la vecina República Democrática del Congo y, según Afonso, debe ser controlada y sustituida por inmigración legal.

[...]we have linked at provincial level the number of Ebola cases with the geographic data collected across the work. [...]of the above, we have reached a few conclusions which we expect to be useful. Más allá de esta fecha tendremos que ir a http:// www.who.int/csr/disease/ebola/situation-reports/fr/, donde podremos verlos hasta el 29 de Agosto de 2014. Ebola virus disease United Kingdom. 30 December2014.

Introduction: Although stentrievers (SRs) have been a mainstay of mechanical thrombectomy (MT), and current guidelines recommend the use of SRs in the treatment of large vessel occlusion stroke (LVO), there is a paucity of studies in the literature comparing SRs directly against each other in terms of mechanical and functional properties. Timely access to endovascular therapy and the ability to restore intracranial flow in a safe, efficient, and efficacious manner have been critical to the success of MT. This study aimed to investigate the impact of contemporary SR characteristics, including model, brand, size, and length, on the first-pass effect (FPE) in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Methods: Consecutive patients with M1 occlusion treated with a single SR+BGC were recruited from the ROSSETTI registry. The primary outcome was the FPE that was defined as modified (mFPE) or true (tFPE) for the achievement of modified thrombolysis in cerebral infarction (mTICI) grades 2b-3 or 3 after a single device pass, respectively. We compared patients who achieved mFPE with those who achieved tFPE according to SR characteristics. Results: We included 610 patients (52.3% female and 47.7% male, mean age 75.1 ± 13.62 years). mFPE was achieved in 357 patients (58.5%), whereas tFPE was achieved in 264 (43.3%). There was no significant association between SR characteristics and mFPE or tFPE. Specifically, the SR size did not show a statistically significant relationship with improvement in FPE. Similarly, the length of the SR did not yield significant differences in the mFPE and tFPE, even when the data were grouped. Conclusions: Our data indicate that contemporary SR-mediated thrombectomy characteristics, including model, brand, size, and length, do not significantly affect the FPE.

Coastal regions in Southwest Europe have experienced major interventions and transformations of the territory with unprecedented urban development, primarily related to growing tourism activity. The coast is the place where marine and terrestrial processes converge, making it highly vulnerable to the effects of climate change. However, the lack of information on the frequency of these extreme weather events and their impacts on the coast hampers an accurate analysis of the consequences of global change. This paper provides a detailed analysis of the extreme weather events (EWE) that have affected the Atlantic and Mediterranean coasts of Southwest Europe during the period from 1 January 2009 to 28 February 2020, as well as a quantification of their impacts: fatalities, injuries and economic damage. Official sources from France, Portugal and Spain were consulted, along with technical reports, scientific articles, etc., to generate a unified database. A total of 95 significant extreme events have caused 168 fatalities, 137 injuries and almost €4000 M in direct economic losses. Cyclone Xynthia (February 2010) on the French Atlantic coast stands out, having caused 47 fatalities, 79 injuries and substantial economic losses valued at €3000 M. The study shows a slight upward trend in the number of events recorded, especially during the last three years of the analysis, as well as in human losses and damages. The results reveal a higher exposure of the Mediterranean coast of Southwest Europe when compared to the Atlantic, especially the Spanish Mediterranean coast, with 61% of the fatalities recorded there during the study period. This is primarily due to a model of exponential tourism growth on the Mediterranean coast, with an enormous urban and infrastructure development during the last decades. Traditionally, the Mediterranean coast is less prepared to reduce the effects of marine storms, extreme events that are becoming more frequent and virulent in the context of climate and global change. This work highlights the need to create a continuous monitoring system–at the European level–of the impacts of extreme weather events on the coast, where 40% of the European population is concentrated. This observatory should serve as a source of information for risk mitigation policies (predictive, preventive and corrective), as well as for emergency management during disasters.