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"Bell, Greg"
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Corporate governance and IPO underpricing in a cross-national sample: A multilevel knowledge-based view
Prior studies of IPO underpricing, mostly using agency theory and single-country samples, have generally fallen short. In this study, we employ the knowledge-based view (KBV) to explore underpricing across 17 countries. We find that agency indicators are insignificant predictors, board of director knowledge limits underpricing, and external knowledge both substitutes for and complements internal board knowledge. This third finding suggests that future KBV studies should consider how internal and external knowledge states interact with each other. Our study offers new insights into the antecedents of underpricing and extends our understanding of comparative governance and the KBV of the firm.
Journal Article
Stuck in love : a story about first love and second chances
A comically rich and yet emotionally raw romantic drama about a family of writers who have lost the plots of their own love stories.
DVD
The liability of foreignness in capital markets: Sources and remedies
The accelerating pace of global capital market integration has provided new opportunities for firms to raise capital abroad through global debt issues, cross-listings, and initial public offerings in foreign stock exchanges. However, existing empirical evidence suggests that foreign firms tend to be at a disadvantage compared with domestic firms, and they often suffer from investors' \"home bias\". The objective of this paper is to understand why firms are facing problems when accessing capital in foreign markets, and possible mechanisms that can help to mitigate these problems. It expands the liability of foreignness (LOF) research beyond the product market domain to include liabilities faced by firms attempting to secure resources in foreign capital markets. We identify key differences between product and capital markets related to information environment, time structure of transactions, and linkages between buyers and sellers. We analyze institutional distance, information asymmetry, unfamiliarity, and cultural differences as the main sources of capital market LOF (CMLOF). We suggest possible mechanisms that managers can employ to mitigate CMLOF and overcome investors' \"home bias\": bonding, signaling, organizational isomorphism, and reputational endorsements. We also outline directions for further theoretical and empirical development of the CMLOF research.
Journal Article
Development and characterization of genomic SSR markers in Cynodon transvaalensis Burtt-Davy
Simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers are a major molecular tool for genetic and genomic research that have been extensively developed and used in major crops. However, few are available in African bermudagrass (Cynodon transvaalensis Burtt-Davy), an economically important warm-season turfgrass species. African bermudagrass is mainly used for hybridizations with common bermudagrass [C. dactylon var. dactylon (L.) Pers.] in the development of superior interspecific hybrid turfgrass cultivars. Accordingly, the major objective of this study was to develop and characterize a large set of SSR markers. Genomic DNA of C. transvaalensis ‘4200TN 24-2’ from an Oklahoma State University (OSU) turf nursery was extracted for construction of four SSR genomic libraries enriched with [CA] ₙ , [GA] ₙ , [AAG] ₙ , and [AAT] ₙ as core repeat motifs. A total of 3,064 clones were sequenced at the OSU core facility. The sequences were categorized into singletons and contiguous sequences to exclude redundancy. From the two sequence categories, 1,795 SSR loci were identified. After excluding duplicate SSRs by comparison with previously developed SSR markers using a nucleotide basic local alignment tool, 1,426 unique primer pairs (PPs) were designed. Out of the 1,426 designed PPs, 981 (68.8 %) amplified alleles of the expected size in the donor DNA. Polymorphisms of the SSR PPs tested in eight C. transvaalensis plants were 93 % polymorphic with 544 markers effective in all genotypes. Inheritance of the SSRs was examined in six F₁ progeny of African parents ‘T577’ × ‘Uganda’, indicating 917 markers amplified heritable alleles. The SSR markers developed in the study are the first large set of co-dominant markers in African bermudagrass and should be highly valuable for molecular and traditional breeding research.
Journal Article
An empirical evaluation of future auditors in the U.S.A. and India using the trifurcated dimensions of trait professional skepticism
Purpose
Understanding the factors that impact the audit quality of work performed by affiliated offshore entities has become imperative for US accounting firms. The purpose of this paper is to gain a better understanding of the role that cultural differences have on the trait professional skepticism mindset of future auditors in the USA and India.
Design/methodology/approach
The authors use the Hurtt (2010) Professional Skepticism Scale (HPSS) to evaluate the role that culture has on the trait professional skepticism mindset of a sample of future auditors in the USA and India.
Findings
The authors identify three distinct dimensions of trait professional skepticism embedded in the HPSS. The research finds no significant differences between USA and Indian auditing students on the evidential “trust but verify” dimension of trait professional skepticism; however, US students score higher on the behavioral “presumptive doubt” and self-reliance dimensions.
Practical implications
Given culture significantly influences trait professional skepticism, firms and regulators should be highly cognizant of the type of work that is being sent offshore. Firms using affiliated offshore entities should also ensure that robust integration practices are used to facilitate the level of professional skepticism necessary to perform a quality audit.
Originality/value
By identifying three separate dimensions in the HPSS, the research takes an important step in understanding the factors that impact the quality of audit procedures performed in a critical affiliated offshore entity for US-based accounting firms.
Journal Article
Selfing and Outcrossing Fertility in Common Bermudagrass under Open‐Pollinating Conditions Examined by SSR Markers
C. dactylon (L.) Pers. var. dactylon is a cosmopolitan grass species with significant economic value for turf, forage, and soil conservation in the southern United States. The species has long been characterized as an outcrossing species based on heterogeneity of natural populations, comparison of seed set rates under self‐ and cross‐pollination, and assumption of widespread self‐incompatibility. However, reproductive behavior of plants in breeding populations based on definitive characterization of their progeny as to self‐ or cross‐pollinated origin is not available. The objective of this experiment was to quantify selfing and outcrossing rates of common bermudagrass plants grown in field environments conducive to interbreeding. Twenty‐five clonal common bermudagrass plants grown at Stillwater and Perkins, OK in a randomized complete block design with three replications were used in the study. Ten progeny from open‐pollinated seed harvested from each field plot of the maternal plants were grown in a greenhouse at the Agronomy Research Station, Oklahoma State University. Plant DNA samples were isolated from 1439 progeny from both sites along with the 25 seed parents. Eleven polymorphic simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were chosen to identify breeding origin of the progeny by comparing SSR marker genotypes of the progeny with their respective maternal parents. Among the progeny examined, only two progeny plants from accessions A12281 and A12363 were identified to be selfed, indicating an extremely high outcrossing rate of 99.86%. The finding of complete or near complete outcrossing behavior in this experiment should assist in a fuller understanding of the sexual reproduction characteristics of common bermudagrass.
Journal Article
Foreign IPO capital market choice: Understanding the institutional fit of corporate governance
While product market choices have been central to strategy formulation for firms in the past, the integration of financial markets makes the choice of capital markets an equally important strategic decision. We advance a comparative institutional perspective to explain capital market choice by firms making an IPO in a foreign market. We find that internal governance characteristics (founder-CEO, executive incentives, and board independence) and external network characteristics (prestigious underwriters, degree of venture capitalist syndication, and board interlocks) are significant predictors of foreign capital market choice by foreign IPO firms. Our results suggest foreign IPO firms select a host market where the firms' governance characteristics and third party affiliations fit the host market's institutional environment.
Journal Article
Entrepreneurial Orientation and Firm Performance: The Moderating Role of Managerial Power
Organizational researchers have long recognized the important role that top managers play within entrepreneurial firms (Ireland, Hitt and Sirmon 2003). Utilizing Covin and Slevin’s (1989) conceptual framework, the current study explores three key entrepreneurial characteristics of top managers and the impact these characteristics have on firm performance. Specifically, we argue that top managers with a high tolerance of risk, those who favor innovative activities and those who display a high degree of proactiveness will positively impact firm performance. In addition, this study examines the influence of top managers’ prestige, structural and expert power on the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and firm performance. We conclude the study with a discussion of theoretical and practical implications of our findings and suggestions for future research in this area of study.
Journal Article
Is your sustainability strategy sustainable? Creating a culture of sustainability
Purpose
– The purpose of this article is to present a multidisciplinary model that can be used as both a road map for practicing managers to create a sustainability focused culture within their own organizations, and as a guide for future research into the relationship between organizational culture and sustainability.
Design/methodology/approach
– A narrative synthesis approach is used to integrate extant empirical and practitioner literature spanning various disciplines to build a comprehensive model, including key propositions, to assist both practitioners and researchers alike. Case examples illustrating each component of the model in practice and implications for future research based on the key tenets of the model are also provided.
Findings
– Building an organizational infrastructure that fosters a culture of sustainability results in positive employee- and organizational-level sustainability performance.
Research limitations/implications
– The model presented is an important advancement in the sustainability literature. It is applicable to various sustainability efforts, and it may be applied regardless of the industry or the size of the companies undertaking sustainability initiatives. The model provides a framework to guide research into the relationship between organizational culture and sustainability. Future research should focus on the relationship between the different organizational factors identified in the model, organizational culture and sustainability performance.
Practical implications
– The multidisciplinary model presented can be used as a road map for practicing managers to create a sustainability focused culture within their own organizations.
Originality/value
– A gap exists in both the empirical and practitioner literature regarding the development and assessment of the organizational factors that foster a culture of sustainability. Moreover, no clear model exists with the expressed purpose of helping leaders create such a culture, while providing a framework to guide research into the relationship between organizational culture and sustainability. In this paper, a comprehensive model, including key propositions, to assist both practitioners and researchers alike is presented. Case examples illustrating each component of the model in practice and implications for future research based on the key tenets of the model are also provided.
Journal Article