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Background The Standardized Cosmesis and Health Nasal Outcomes Survey (SCHNOS) is a validated questionnaire that assesses functional and aesthetic outcomes of rhinoplasty patients. There are 274 million French speakers worldwide, and this questionnaire is currently not available in French. The purpose of this study was to translate, adapt, and validate a French version of the SCHNOS questionnaire. Methods The SCHNOS questionnaire was translated from English to French according to international guidelines. Ten French-speaking rhinoplasty patients were interviewed in order to evaluate the understandability and acceptability of the translation and produce a final version. The final version was administered prospectively to 25 rhinoplasty patients and 25 controls at two-week intervals. It was then administered to 165 consecutive patients. Psychometric properties were evaluated using the Item Reponse Theory (IRT) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Results Three items from the original SCHNOS were modified to produce the French-SCHNOS (F-SCHNOS). Discrimination abilities of F-SCHNOS-O and F-SCHNOS-C were perfect, with values of 2.18( p  < 0.001, 95% CI 1.74 to 2.62) for SCHNOS-O and 2.62( p  < 0.001, 95% CI 2.03 to 3.21). Internal consistency was high, with Cronbach’s alpha of 0.93 for F-SCHNOS-O and 0.95 for F-SCHNOS-C. IRT showed good psychometric properties with almost each step up or down across the scale associating with meaningful differences in outcome severity. All four SCHNOS-O items were equally “important” in defining the total score. The F-SCHNOS-C total score was defined by mostly four out of six items. Conclusions The SCHNOS was translated, adapted, and psychometrically validated for use in a French-speaking population.

The Body Dysmorphic Disorder Questionnaire-Aesthetic Surgery (BDDQ-AS) is a validated questionnaire that is used as a screening tool for body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) in aesthetic rhinoplasty patients. The BDDQ-AS questionnaire was translated from English to French according to international guidelines. Ten French-speaking rhinoplasty patients were interviewed in order to evaluate the understandability and acceptability of the translation and produce a final version. It was then administered to 165 consecutive patients. Psychometric properties were evaluated using item-reponse theory (IRT). Internal consistency was high, with Cronbach’s alpha of 0.90 (95% lower CL 0.88). While the discrimination abilities of all the items were good (over 2.0), their difficulty parameters were shifted towards greater severity of symptoms. That shift could also be observed in information function graph for the entire scale. In other words, the BDDQ-AS performed better in patients with more severe body dysmorphic symptoms. In conclusion, the BDDQ-AS was translated, adapted, and psychometrically validated for use in a French-speaking population.

This study reconsiders the controversial relationship between the so-called 'Humanists' and 'Muslims' in the UK, by suggesting that it is characterized by a mutual collaboration rather than hostility. The terms 'Humanist' and 'Secularist' are used interchangeably to refer to the same school of thought, that of atheism. While it is true that some contemporary scholars have attempted to associate the rising Islamophobic discourse with the secularists, this article, however, offers two hypotheses to prove the opposite. The Humanist movement UK is like a melting pot that encompasses individuals from a variety of denominational and ethnic backgrounds, including Muslims. The other argument is the openness of Humanists and Muslims to foster dialogue and exchange of views on inclusive education and interfaith dialogue. The analysis showed that the religion of Islam represented an important current in humanist culture. Additionally, Humanists and Muslims fully committed themselves to fighting both Islamic and secular extremism by promoting a moderate perspective, through which they created a more inclusive, tolerant, and cohesive social fabric.