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"Bernhard, Andrea"
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Cytotoxic effects to mouse and human gingival fibroblasts of a nanohybrid ormocer versus dimethacrylate-based composites
ObjectivesTooth-colored composites have emerged as a standard restorative material in caries therapy and have largely replaced materials such as silver amalgam or glass ionomer cements. In addition to their superior esthetics and desirable mechanical properties, composites also comprise negative characteristics, such as wear, shrinkage, and an adverse biocompatibility. Modifications of classic resin-based dental composites have been developed to overcome these shortcomings. For example, ormocers are innovative inorganic-organic hybrid polymers that form a siloxane network modified by the incorporation of organic groups. Recently, a new ormocer, Admira Fusion (VOCO), was introduced to composite technology. The absence of cytotoxic matrix monomers leads to the hypothesis that ormocers have improved biocompatibility compared to resin-based dental restorative materials.Materials and methodsThe aim of this study was to compare the cytotoxic effects of Admira Fusion to a nanohybrid composite (GrandioSO, VOCO) and a nanofiller composite (Filtek Supreme XTE, 3M Espe) on the standard dermal mouse fibroblasts (L929) and human gingival fibroblasts (GF-1) via a Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay.ResultsAdmira Fusion was significantly less cytotoxic than GrandioSO and Filtek Supreme XTE to both the standard mouse dermal fibroblasts (L929) and human gingival fibroblasts.ConclusionsCompared to other resin-based dental restorative materials, the ormocer (Admira Fusion) possesses a superior biocompatibility in vitro. Future research studies are needed to confirm our results.Clinical significanceClinically, dental practitioners and their patients might benefit from Admira Fusion in terms of reduced adverse biologic reactions compared to resin-based dental restorative materials.
Journal Article
Two European Responses To Assure Quality In Higher Education
Looking at the “European Higher Education Area” in terms of their different quality assurance systems one can clearly identify a great diversity. This situation reflects the creativity of all countries to establish a system compatible with their own cultural, economic and social background. This article shall highlight examples of two European countries, Germany and the United Kingdom, and their efforts to develop a comprehensive quality assurance system. A systematic and historical approach of these two nations will be based on literature research, scientific studies and personal experience. The article will provide a general perspective on two different national quality assurance systems as well as their current political discussions drawn from an Austrian perspective. The external view but nonetheless European perspective shall maintain a more objective review and assessment of these countries. Although there are diversified quality assurance systems all over Europe, there is a need and a will to cooperate between this diversity while still keeping the individuality of the own country. Thus, I am interested in the development, the challenges as well as problems of these systems and possible ways for improvement.
Journal Article
A Knowledge-Based Society Needs Quality In Higher Education
The model of a “knowledge-based society” represents an ideal towards which the whole world strives. Today’s society is based on knowledge as the main good, virtue and competitive advantage and higher education plays a crucial role in shaping a knowledge-based society. The purpose of this article is to position higher education within knowledge-based societies and to emphasis the growing importance of higher education. Discussions about the shift from elite to mass higher education will be outlined as well as the concept of “universal higher education“in the 21st century. With this theoretical basis the need of quality assurance in higher education will be stressed in to enhance, improve and even maintain a quality-focused orientation. Higher education institutions are in a time of great tensions – they have to react quickly to educational needs of a fast-changing society and to assert one’s position with other higher education providers. At present as well as for the future the necessity to assure quality for higher education systems to compete in a knowledge-based society at all levels – national and global – is evident.
Journal Article
A Companion to the Swiss Reformation
A Companion to the Swiss Reformation presents the varied form taken by the Protestant Reformation in Switzerland over the course of the sixteenth century, highlighting regional differences as well as consequences for the Swiss Confederation as a whole.
eBook
The developmental functions of music antiheroes in adolescence: Psychoanalytic perspectives
Adolescents are faced with the task of developing an identity of their own, and during this process, they explore identification figures alternative to the parental ones. It is not uncommon for adolescents to explore identification figures that parents and society reject. This involves idealizing, imitating, and obsessing over antiheroic figures such as rap stars, rock stars, sports icons, actors, and countercultural peer groups. The primary goal of this dissertation is to improve and integrate the current understanding of the psychological function of antiheroes during adolescence through a critical analysis and integration of existing literature. The review of the literature included an examination of the antihero in the literary tradition, as well as an analysis of psychoanalytic and developmental theories of adolescence and core concepts to the understanding of the culturally dominant adolescent phenomenon of antihero attachment. The discussion explores the parallel between characteristics of antiheroes in the literary world and possible functions of music antiheroes in adolescence. The process of assessment of the functions that antiheroes serve for each particular youngster is tied to psychoanalytic and developmental constructs. Guidelines are offered on how to make a distinction between growth-promoting and growth-stagnating functions of antiheroes in the context of the multiple developmental tasks of adolescence. Implications for clinical practice with adolescents are described and a set of questions for therapists to incorporate into an assessment of antihero functions is provided. Countertransference issues are addressed as well as the impact of parental psychopathology on the developmental process. Finally, implications for training and recommendations for further research are proposed.
Dissertation
Methods in Contemporary Linguistics
The present volume is a broad overview of methods and methodologies in linguistics, illustrated with examples from concrete research. It collects insights gained from a broad range of linguistic sub-disciplines, ranging from core disciplines to topics in cross-linguistic and language-internal diversity or to contributions towards language, space and society. Given its critical and innovative nature, the volume is a valuable source for students and researchers of a broad range of linguistic interests.
eBook
