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"Beschel, Robert P"
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Public financial management reform in the Middle East and North Africa : an overview of regional experience
One of the most important functions governments perform is that of mobilizing and deploying financial resources to achieve their objectives. According to the most recent World Bank data, governments throughout the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region spent approximately 407 billion dollars in 2007 in delivering their policy, regulatory and service functions. The way in which this money is spent has huge implications for their broader development trajectory. For governments to perform their spending function well, their PFM practices should meet certain well-established criteria. Government spending should be affordable, in that it takes place within a framework that ensures expenditure is consistent with monetary and fiscal policy objectives and sustainable in the long term. Governments should optimize the allocation of public resources between different sectors and expenditure categories in a way that reflects their policy priorities, including sustainable growth as well as human and social development. Such expenditure should be efficient, in that it maximizes output for a given set of inputs, and effective, in that it supports the successful realization of the governments goals. It should also be transparent; conducted in accordance with the relevant laws and regulations; and undertaken with appropriate checks and balances to ensure financial probity.
eBook
إصلاح القطاع العام في الدول العربية
يقدم هذا الكتاب تقييما شاملا لمجموعة واسعة من الجهود الإصلاحية في تسعة بلدان عربية. وقد استهدفت هذه الإصلاحات في ست حالات منها الأنظمة الأساسية للحكومة : إعادة هيكلة عمليات مجلس الوزراء في الأردن، ومراجعة السلطة الفلسطينية للإدارة المالية العامة، وبرنامج التقاعد الطوعي في المغرب وإصلاحات إدارة الموارد البشرية في لبنان ومبادرة الإدارة الإلكترونية في دبي، ومحاولات تعزيز الشفافية في تونس. كما تناولت خمسة جهود إصلاحية أخرى الإدارات الحكومية التنفيذية، من بينها محاولة. تعزيز آلية تحصيل الضرائب وعمل السعودية على تعزيز الخدمات وتحصيل الفواتير. وكانت بعض الجهود الإصلاحية أكثر نجاحا من غيرها.
Book
Bringing government into the 21st Century
This volume—a collaborative work between the World Bank's Global Governance Practice and a team of researchers working with the Korean Development Institute—is dedicated to the proposition that there is much that can be learned from a careful and nuanced assessment of Korea's experience with e-governance. It seeks to draw lessons both from the large reservoir of experience as to what has worked, as well as the more limited and isolated examples of what has not. In particular, it seeks to achieve two objectives. The first is to accurately understand, capture and distill the key dimensions of Korea's e-governance experience so that it can be properly understood and appreciated. Towards this end, some of the world's leading experts on Korea's e-governance experience have been engaged in its preparation, and their conclusions have been carefully vetted and reviewed by other leading scholars of the role of IT systems within government. The goal is to avoid flip generalizations or characterizations, such as \"political will is important\" or \"it is important to embed e-governance within a broader strategy to develop a domestic IT industry,\" but to truly understand the complex interplay between differing political, economic and bureaucratic interests and how they shaped decisions about developing the technological and human infrastructure that would support Korea's successful thrust to be the world's leading nation in this area. The second is to ponder the lessons learned and what did and did not work from Korea's experience for other developing countries seeking to strengthen the role of information technology within their public sectors.
eBook
Can the United States Promote Democracy?
The democratic revolutions of 1989, coupled with the retreat of authoritarian regimes in Latin America, Asia and Africa, have prompted a renewed interest throughout the US government and society in promoting democracy. The role of US foreign policy in promoting democracy abroad is examined.
Journal Article
Public financial management reform in the Middle East and North Africa
PART I: OVERVIEW AND SUMMARY; Executive Summary; Introduction; MENA PFM Practices Compared Against Global Averages; Figures; Figure 1. MENA PEFA Averages Compared to Global PEFA Averages for Comparable Lower-Middle-Income Economies; The Substantive Reform Agenda; Figure 2. Reforms at Different Stages of the Budget Cycle; Implementing Public Financial Management Reforms in MENA: An Emerging Set of Promising Practices?; Tables; Table 1. Breakdown of Successful and Challenging PFM Reforms in MENA; Boxes. Box 1. Ten Principles of Implementation for PFM Reforms in MENA1. Introduction: Public Financial Management Reform in MENA and Beyond; The Importance of Public Financial Management; Beyond MENA: The Lessons from Global Experience; What Is \"MENA\"? Selecting the Economies for This Study; Table 1.1. Basic Statistics on MENA Economies Selected for PFM Analysis; Using the PEFA Ranking to Evaluate PFM in MENA; Table 1.2. PEFA Scores for the MENA Economies in the Study; Where MENA Has Ranked Consistently Higher. Figure 1.1. MENA PEFA Averages Compared to Global PEFA Averages for Comparable Lower-Middle-Income EconomiesWhere MENA Has Ranked Consistently Lower; MENA Economy Templates and Case Studies on PFM Reform; 2. The Substance of Public Financial Management Reform: What Reforms Are Needed and Which Are Working?; Strategic Budgeting; Figure 2.1. Reforms at Different Stages of the Budget Cycle; Table 2.1. Relevant PEFA Scores for Strategic Budgeting; Budget Preparation; Table 2.2. Relevant PEFA Scores for Budget Preparation; Resource Management. Table 2.3. Relevant PEFA Scores for Resource ManagementInternal Control and Audit; Table 2.4. Relevant PEFA Scores for Scope of Budget; Accounting and Reporting; Table 2.5. Relevant PEFA Scores for Accounting and Reporting; External Accountability; Table 2.6. Relevant PEFA Scores for External Accountability; 3. Implementing Reforms in Public Financial Management: An Emerging Set of Promising Practices in MENA?; How Important Is Implementation to the Success of MENA's PFM Reforms?; Table 3.1. Breakdown of Successful and Challenging PFM Reforms in MENA. Lesson 1: Know the Value--and Limitations--of Political Economy AnalysisBox 3.1. Ten Principles of Implementation for PFM Reforms in MENA; Lesson 2: PFM Reform as Means and Not Ends; Lesson 3: Context Matters, So Swim with the Current; Lesson 4: The Wisdom of \"Muddling Through\"--Grand Strategy versus Incremental Change; Lesson 5: Establish Basic Systems before Contemplating More Advanced Reforms; Lesson 6: When Possible, Keep Reforms Quick, Simple and Mutually Reinforcing; Lesson 7: Be Wary of Large Financial Management Information Systems; Box 3.2. History of the Iraq IFMIS System
Book
Public Financial Management Reform in the Middle East and North Africa
One of the most important functions that governments perform is mobilizing financial resources and deploying them to achieve their objectives. According to the most recent World Bank data, governments throughout the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region spent approximately US$407 billion dollars in 2007 in delivering their policy, regulatory and service functions. This report is divided into two volumes. The first volume summarizes the results and presents the conclusions of this analysis. The second provides the individual economy case studies and templates upon which many of these conclusions are based. This report seeks to reflect upon this experience and better understand the nature of the Public Financial Management (PFM) challenges confronting the economies of the MENA region. Turning to the substance of these reforms, it asks where are they performing well and where are they struggling? To what extent are these economies dealing with common problems stemming from similar administrative traditions and comparable levels of development, or unique challenges grounded within their own particular historical or bureaucratic experience? The analysis also seeks to understand the type of PFM reforms that have been implemented across the region in the last decade, including where these reforms have gone well, where they have not, and why
Book
The Korean digital governance experience: lessons and implications
This volume-a collaborative work between the World Bank's Global Governance Practice and a team of researchers working with the Korean Development Institute-is dedicated to the proposition that there is much that can be learned from a careful and nuanced assessment of Korea's experience with e-governance. It seeks to draw lessons both from the large reservoir of experience as to what has worked, as well as the more limited and isolated examples of what has not. In particular, it seeks to achieve two objectives.The first is to accurately understand, capture and distill the key dimensions of Korea's e-governance experience so that it can be properly understood and appreciated. Towards this end, some of the world's leading experts on Korea's e-governance experience have been engaged in its preparation, and their conclusions have been carefully vetted and reviewed by other leading scholars of the role of IT systems within government. The goal is to avoid flip generalizations or characterizations, such as 'political will is important' or 'it is important to embed e-governance within a broader strategy to develop a domestic IT industry,' but to truly understand the complex interplay between differing political, economic and bureaucratic interests and how they shaped decisions about developing the technological and human infrastructure that would support Korea's successful thrust to be the world's leading nation in this area.The second is to ponder the lessons learned and what did and did not work from Korea's experience for other developing countries seeking to strengthen the role of information technology within their public sectors.
eBook
The Churches and the War
THIS ARTICLE EXAMINES THE REACTION OF AMERICAN CHURCHES TO THE PERSIAN GULF WAR. THE AMERICAN CHRISTIAN COMMUNITY HAS BEEN DIVIDED OVER THE MORALITY OF THE GULF WAR, WITH THE SPLIT TAKING PLACE ALONG LARGELY PREDICTABLE REACTIONS. ALONG THE SPECTRUM OF CHURCHES REACTION RANGED FROM SUPPORT FOR THE BUSH ADMINISTRATION, THROUGH DEBATE OVER THE JUST WAR DOCTRINE, TO STRIDENT DENUNCIATION OF U.S. MILITARY ACTIONS.
Magazine Article