Explore the vast range of titles available.

BackgroundRespiratory disease is a leading cause of hospitalisations in children with cerebral palsy (CP). Over 40% of individuals with CP are born preterm; however, the relationship between prematurity, CP and respiratory disease is unknown.ObjectivesTo establish the impact of gestational age (GA) and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) on respiratory hospitalisations in children with CP.Study designA 30-year (1986–2015) retrospective data linkage cohort study in children with CP.ResultsA total of 1915 individuals with CP (mean age 15 years and 5 months, 57% male) recorded 5566 respiratory admissions. Higher rates of respiratory admissions were seen in those born preterm (<37 weeks). Preterm infants with CP and BPD had 4.4 (incidence rate ratio 95% CI 3.3 to 6.0) times more respiratory-related admissions (after controlling for age, CP severity, epilepsy, speech impairment and gastrostomy) compared with individuals with CP born at term. Preterm infants with CP and BPD had respiratory-related hospitalisations at a younger age (median: 2 years 4 months vs term birth 20 years, p<0.001).ConclusionPreterm birth and BPD are risk factors for earlier and higher rates of respiratory-related admissions in individuals with CP. Perinatal and neonatal events should be considered when assessing respiratory health in CP.

Background/Objectives: Caregivers of individuals with neurodevelopmental and chronic health conditions require health literacy (HL) skills for the long-term management of these conditions. The aim of this rapid review was to investigate the efficacy of HL interventions for these caregivers. Methods: Five databases (Cochrane Central, PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, and PsycINFO) were searched. Studies were eligible for inclusion if they reported the efficacy of any intervention aimed at improving the HL of caregivers of individuals with a neurodevelopmental disorder or chronic condition and assessed caregiver HL. All original intervention study designs were eligible, as were systematic reviews. Studies had to be published in English since 2000; grey literature was excluded. The review was registered before commencement with PROSPERO (CRD42023471833). Results: There were 3389 unique records, of which 28 papers (reporting 26 studies) were included. In these studies, 2232 caregivers received interventions through a wide range of media (online, group, written materials, one-to-one, video, phone, and text messages). Research designs were classified as Levels I (n = 8), II (n = 5), III (n = 2), and IV (n = 11), and the quality of evidence ranged from high to very low. Half (n = 7) of the trials with moderate to high evidence levels reported significant between-group differences in caregiver HL outcomes and/or individuals’ health-related outcomes. Effective interventions occurred across a wide range of conditions, ages, and carer education levels and using a diversity of intervention media. Conclusions: HL interventions for caregivers of individuals with neurodevelopmental and chronic conditions can improve health-related outcomes and caregivers’ HL. Longer and more intensive HL programs may be more likely to be effective, but attention must be paid to participant retention.

ObjectiveTo determine the early predictors of respiratory hospital admissions in young people with cerebral palsy (CP).DesignA 3-year prospective cohort study using linked data.PatientsChildren and young people with CP, aged 1 to 26 years.Main outcome measuresSelf-reported and carer-reported respiratory symptoms were linked to respiratory hospital admissions (as defined by the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10th Revision codes) during the following 3 years.Results482 participants (including 289 males) were recruited. They were aged 1 to 26 years (mean 10 years, 10 months; SD 5 years, 11 months) at the commencement of the study, and represented all Gross Motor Function Classification Scale (GMFCS) levels. During the 3-year period, 55 (11.4%) participants had a total of 186 respiratory hospital admissions, and spent a total of 1475 days in hospital. Statistically significant risk factors for subsequent respiratory hospital admissions over 3 years in univariate analyses were GMFCS level V, at least one respiratory hospital admission in the year preceding the survey, oropharyngeal dysphagia, seizures, frequent respiratory symptoms, gastro-oesophageal reflux disease, at least two courses of antibiotics in the year preceding the survey, mealtime respiratory symptoms and nightly snoring.ConclusionsMost risk factors for respiratory hospital admissions are potentially modifiable. Early identification of oropharyngeal dysphagia and the management of seizures may help prevent serious respiratory illness. One respiratory hospital admission should trigger further evaluation and management to prevent subsequent respiratory illness.

(1) Background: Respiratory disease is a leading cause of morbidity, mortality, and poor quality of life in children with cerebral palsy (CP). This study describes the prevalence of CP-related respiratory disease and the non-modifiable risk factors for respiratory-related hospital admissions in the Aotearoa New Zealand population. (2) Methods: New Zealand Cerebral Palsy Register (NZCPR) participant data and de-identified data from the National Minimum Dataset and Pharmaceutical Dispensing Collections were linked to identify all respiratory-related hospital admissions and respiratory illness-related antibiotic exposure over 5 years in individuals with CP (0–26 years). (3) Results: Risk factors for respiratory-related hospital admissions included being classified Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) IV or V compared to GMFCS I [OR = 4.37 (2.90–6.58), p < 0.0001; OR = 11.8 (7.69–18.10), p < 0.0001, respectively,]; having ≥2 antibiotics dispensed per year [OR = 4.42 (3.01–6.48), p < 0.0001]; and being of Māori ethnicity [OR = 1.47 (1.13–1.93), p < 0.0047]. Māori experienced health inequities compared to non-Māori, with greater functional disability, and also experienced greater antibiotic dispensing than the general population. (4) Conclusion: Māori children and young adults have a higher risk of respiratory-related illness. Priority should be given to the screening for potentially modifiable risk factors for all children with CP from diagnosis onwards in a way that ensures Māori health equity.