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"Blake, John"
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Aligning Teaching Philosophy Statements with Practice: An Evidence-Based Approach Using Retrospective Think-Aloud Protocols
Teaching philosophy statements are often declarations of beliefs interspersed with descriptions and metaphors. The disjuncture between the stated philosophy and actual teaching has been raised by numerous academics. This case study addresses the neglected area of grounding teaching philosophies on actual teacher behaviour rather than on espoused beliefs. This study includes a replicable framework for teachers to create evidence-based teaching philosophy statements through a systematic investigation of their actual teaching practices. A retrospective think-aloud protocol was used to recount a lesson. Using a transcript of the recount, the teacher’s actions were identified, extracted, and justified following pre-determined protocols. References to theoretical and empirical studies supporting or contradicting the justifications were checked in the research literature. To counteract potential self-bias, colleagues’ views on the reasons selected were surveyed. The discrepancy between the teacher’s justification of actions and the peers’ perspectives revealed hitherto hidden idiosyncrasies and underlying values.
Journal Article
The boy who sprouted antlers
About a boy who sprouts antlers and the power of self-belief, this classic tale by John Yeoman, illustrated by Quentin Blake, is as charming and relevant today as it was fifty years ago.
Book
Modelling consumers’ choice of novel food
A variety of approaches to reducing the environmental impact of food production and consumption are being explored including technological solutions, such as food produced via biotechnological processes. However, the development of these technologies requires significant upfront investment and consumer acceptance is not guaranteed. The purpose of this research is to develop a system dynamics model to forecast demand, under multiple marketing and quality scenarios, for foods produced via novel technologies, using cellular agriculture as a case study. The model considers consumer heterogeneity, product awareness, word of mouth marketing (WOM), in-store marketing options, pricing options and product utility to estimate diffusion rates and market penetration. To our knowledge, there is no demand forecasting model available for food produced via novel technologies which relies on purchase intention data and incorporates all these factors. Therefore, this research closes a critical gap for that industry. Ultimately, the model shows that price and the consumers’ utility for the product drives the final demand regardless of marketing scenario. Further, the rate of diffusion was highest when product samples are provided in store for all scenarios except when product utility is low and the product price is high. Model results suggest that market saturation was reached within the 32-week trial period when the price of the cellular agriculture product was the same as a traditional product but not when the price was double that of traditional meat. Given the lack of available trial data, the model scenarios should be considered a
prior probability
which should be refined as more data becomes available.
Journal Article
A drink of water and other stories
This is a collection of seven charming animal fables. It was the first children's book published by either John Yeoman or Quentin Blake, who are still producing books in partnership today nearly sixty years later. This facsimile edition reproduces the original publication and features a new foreword by Quentin Blake.
Book
Avelumab Maintenance Therapy for Advanced or Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma
Patients with advanced or metastatic urothelial cancer who had had a response to platinum-based chemotherapy were randomly assigned to best supportive care alone or best supportive care plus avelumab (an anti–PD-L1 antibody) every 2 weeks until progression. Patients receiving avelumab had significantly longer overall survival (21 months) than those receiving only best supportive care (14 months).
Journal Article
The king of the Golden River
After Gluck's cruel and greedy older brothers refuse hospitality to a mysterious visitor, their prosperous farm fails and one by one each brother makes the perilous journey to find treasure in the nearby Golden River.
Book
Ecological niche differentiation in Chiroxiphia and Antilophia manakins (Aves: Pipridae)
Species distribution models are useful for identifying the ecological characteristics that may limit a species’ geographic range and for inferring patterns of speciation. Here, we test a hypothesis of niche conservatism across evolutionary time in a group of manakins (Aves: Pipridae), with a focus on
Chiroxiphia boliviana
, and examine the degree of ecological differentiation with other
Chiroxiphia
and
Antilophia
manakins. We tested whether allopatric sister species were more or less similar in environmental space than expected given their phylogenetic distances, which would suggest, respectively, ecological niche conservatism over time or ecologically mediated selection (i.e. niche divergence). We modeled the distribution of nine manakin taxa (
C
.
boliviana
,
C
.
caudata
,
C
.
lanceolata
,
C
.
linearis
,
C
.
p
.
pareola
,
C
.
p
.
regina
,
C
.
p
.
napensis
,
Antilophia galeata
and
A
.
bokermanni
) using Maxent. We first performed models for each taxon and compared them. To test our hypothesis we followed three approaches: (1) we tested whether
C
.
boliviana
could predict the distribution of the other manakin taxa and vice versa; (2) we compared the ecological niches by using metrics of niche overlap, niche equivalency and niche similarity; and (3) lastly, we tested whether niche differentiation corresponded to phylogenetic distances calculated from two recent phylogenies. All models had high training and test AUC values. Mean AUC ratios were high (>0.8) for most taxa, indicating performance better than random. Results suggested niche conservatism, and high niche overlap and equivalency between
C
.
boliviana
and
C
.
caudata
, but we found very low values between
C
.
boliviana
and the rest of the taxa. We found a negative, but not significant, relationship between niche overlap and phylogenetic distance, suggesting an increase in ecological differentiation and niche divergence over evolutionary time. Overall, we give some insights into the evolution of
C
.
boliviana
, proposing that ecological selection may have influenced its speciation.
Journal Article
Uncle cleans up
The continuing escapades of Uncle, the unimaginably rich elephant, as he struggles to defend his vast ramshackle castle against the onslaught of the scruffy Badford Crowd from the dingy fortress across the way.
Book
Acoustic monitors and direct observations provide similar but distinct perspectives on bird assemblages in a lowland forest of eastern Ecuador
Bird communities in lowland Neotropical forests exhibit temporal and spatial variation in species composition and abundance at multiple scales. Detecting and explaining such variation requires adequate methods for sampling those bird communities but counting birds in highly diverse lowland forests of the Neotropics can be particularly challenging. Point counts are one of the most frequently used methods for counting birds in tropical forests but inter- and intra-observer variability in detecting and identifying sounds may cause problems. Acoustic monitors (passive acoustic monitors; autonomous recording units) provide an alternative and potentially effective method to sample bird communities by acting, in effect, as “point counts”, recording vocalizations at a given point for a set time. I used acoustic monitors to examine patterns of species richness, spatial distribution, and community composition of birds in a lowland forest in eastern Ecuador, one of the most diverse regions on earth. I deployed monitors at 25 locations, each separated by at least 200 m, on each of two 100-ha plots (Harpia, Puma) at Tiputini Biodiversity Station during January–February, 2013–2017. Monitors were set to record for 10 min followed by a 5-min break, from 0545 h to 0810 h (10 recording periods/morning). Recordings were later reviewed to identify species; no attempt was made to distinguish individuals or to estimate distance. Results were compared with contemporaneous direct observations along transects on the same plots. A total of 214 species were identified from recordings on both plots, combined, with slightly more on Harpia (208) than on Puma (188). Number per year ranged from 142 on Harpia in 2016 to 161 on Puma in 2015. Number per point was ~45 with an overall range of 29–68. Number of species detected in recordings was similar to but somewhat less than the number recorded during direct observations. Number of species recorded increased rapidly from the first period (0545–0555 h) to the third (0615–0625 h) but showed little subsequent change. Most species were recorded at relatively few points; the four most widely distributed species were the same on both plots (
Patagioenas plumbea, Xiphorhynchus guttatus, Capito aurita, Ramphastos tucanus
), all of which are relatively loud canopy or subcanopy species. Ordinations based on species composition illustrated differences between plots based on both recordings and direct observations; similarly, patterns of species composition differed between methods. Acoustic monitors can be an effective tool for sampling bird communities and may be particularly effective and efficient for sampling loud species with distinctive songs. Nonetheless, results from monitors may provide different perspectives on species composition when compared to direct observations. Which method is preferred likely will depend on the specific objectives of individual studies.
Journal Article