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"Blanchard, Pascal"
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Colonial Culture in France since the Revolution
This landmark collection by an international group of scholars and public intellectuals represents a major reassessment of French colonial culture and how it continues to inform thinking about history, memory, and identity. This reexamination of French colonial culture, provides the basis for a revised understanding of its cultural, political, and social legacy and its lasting impact on postcolonial immigration, the treatment of ethnic minorities, and national identity.
eBook
The colonial legacy in France : fracture, rupture, and apartheid
\"Debates about the legacy of colonialism in France are not new, but they have taken on new urgency in the wake of recent terrorist attacks. Responding to acts of religious and racial violence in 2005, 2010, and 2015 and beyond, the essays in this volume pit French ideals against government-sponsored revisionist decrees that have exacerbated tensions, complicated the process of establishing and recording national memory, and triggered divisive debates on what it means to identify as French. As they document the checkered legacy of French colonialism, the contributors raise questions about France and the contemporary role of Islam, the banlieues, immigration, race, history, pedagogy, and the future of the Republic. This innovative volume reconsiders the cultural, economic, political, and social realities facing global French citizens today and includes contributions by Achille Mbembe, Benjamin Stora, Franًcoise Vergلes, Alec Hargreaves, Elsa Dorlin, and Alain Mabanckou, among others\"--Provided by publisher.
Book
Oxidative Desulfurization of Heavy Oils with High Sulfur Content: A Review
The demand for clean fuels is increasing throughout the world, with more stringent environmental regulations for transportation fuels including marine fuels, particularly regarding their sulfur content. Moreover, the quality of crude oil and derived petroleum cuts is getting lower while fossil fuels are still in high demand. Heavy oils are characterized by high sulfur content where most sulfur is found in bulky thiophenic structures difficult to remove using conventional high pressure hydrodesulfurization process. However they appeared more reactive in oxidative desulfurization (ODS) process, carried out at mild conditions without hydrogen pressure. This review focuses for the first time on the heavy fuels initially containing more than 0.5 wt.%S and upgraded by the ODS process. Different attractive approaches of the literature towards ODS are reported using homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis. Recent developments in ODS assisted with ultrasound technology and the use of ionic liquid to enhance ODS efficiency will be fully detailed and discussed to better understand their viability when applied to high sulfur content, high viscosity, and high boiling point feeds.
Journal Article
Deactivation and Regeneration Studies of Molybdenum-Based Catalysts in the Oxidative Desulfurization of Marine Fuel Oil
The oxidative desulfurization (ODS) of heavy fuel oil (HFO) offers a promising solution for desulfurizing marine fuels under mild conditions, in line with current environmental regulations. While most studies focus on model or light fuels, explaining deactivation through leaching or sulfone adsorption, the deactivation mechanisms of catalysts in HFO remain poorly understood. In this work, Mo-based catalysts supported on alumina were extensively characterized before and after catalytic reactions, and regeneration through air calcination was considered. Techniques such as XRD, Raman spectroscopy, XRF, and TGA, alongside catalytic testing with H2O2 as an oxidant, revealed that Mo surface speciation significantly impacted both activity and deactivation. Contrary to well-dispersed polymolybdates, crystalline MoO3 induced low activity and hindered regeneration. No leaching of the active phase was demonstrated during the reaction. Sulfone adsorption had minimal impact on deactivation, while non-sulphur compounds appeared to be the key contributors. Regeneration outcomes were found to be molybdenum content-dependent: 10Mo/Al recovered its activity, while 20Mo/Al formed inactive phases, like Al2(MoO4)3. Using an organic oxidant (tBHP) during ODS influenced the regeneration, as it prevented Al2(MoO4)3 formation and redispersed crystalline MoO3, enhancing performance. These findings advance understanding of catalyst deactivation and suggest strategies to extend catalyst life in the ODS of HFO.
Journal Article
National Unity
The ambiance surrounding the 1931 exposition in the French capital was quite strange, to say the least. The context in metropolitan France had been changing over the prior two years. Between 1929 and 1931, the number of colonial newspapers went from seventy to seventy-seven, the news media became colonial in the space of a few months, and Radio-Paris began proposing regular conferences on the Empire. The French media had a new infatuation, and was preparing the French populace for an event controlled by political parties that also, directly and indirectly, had an influence on major periodicals. But what exactly was
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