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"Board, Computer Science and Telecommunications"
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Enhancing urban sustainability with data, modeling, and simulation : proceedings of a workshop
\"On January 30-31, 2019 the Board on Mathematical Sciences and Analytics, in collaboration with the Board on Energy and Environmental Systems and the Computer Science and Telecommunications Board, convened a workshop in Washington, D.C. to explore the frontiers of mathematics and data science needs for sustainable urban communities. The workshop strengthened the emerging interdisciplinary network of practitioners, business leaders, government officials, nonprofit stakeholders, academics, and policy makers using data, modeling, and simulation for urban and community sustainability, and addressed common challenges that the community faces. Presentations highlighted urban sustainability research efforts and programs under way, including research into air quality, water management, waste disposal, and social equity and discussed promising urban sustainability research questions that improved use of big data, modeling, and simulation can help address. This publication summarizes the presentation and discussion of the workshop\"--Publisher's description.
Book
Computational technology for effective health care : immediate steps and strategic directions
Despite a strong commitment to delivering quality health care, persistent problems involving medical errors and ineffective treatment continue to plague the industry.Many of these problems are the consequence of poor information and technology (IT) capabilities, and most importantly, the lack cognitive IT support.
eBook
A review of the next generation air transportation system : implications and importance of system architecture
The Next Generation Air Transportation System's (NextGen) goal is the transformation of the U.S. national airspace system through programs and initiatives that could make it possible to shorten routes, navigate better around weather, save time and fuel, reduce delays, and improve capabilities for monitoring and managing of aircraft. A Review of the Next Generation Air Transportation provides an overview of NextGen and examines the technical activities, including human-system design and testing, organizational design, and other safety and human factor aspects of the system, that will be necessary to successfully transition current and planned modernization programs to the future system. This report assesses technical, cost, and schedule risk for the software development that will be necessary to achieve the expected benefits from a highly automated air traffic management system and the implications for ongoing modernization projects. The recommendations of this report will help the Federal Aviation Administration anticipate and respond to the challenges of implementing NextGen.
Book
Information technology research, innovation, and E-Government
Governments have done much to leverage information technology to deploy e-government services, but much work remains before the vision of e-government can be fully realized.Information Technology Research, Innovation, and E-government examines the emerging visions for e-government, the technologies required to implement them, and approaches that.
eBook
Computing professionals : changing needs for the 1990s : a workshop report
Surprisingly little is known about the people responsible for advancing the science, technology, and application of computing systems, despite their critical roles in the U.S. economy. As a group, they can be referred to as \"computing professionals.\" But that label masks an unusually wide range of occupations. To add to the confusion, the nature of these occupations is changing rapidly in response to dramatic advances in technology.Building from discussions at a workshop, this book explores the number, composition, demand, and supply of computing professionals in the United States. It identifies key issues and sources of data and illuminates options for improving our understanding of these important occupational groups.
eBook
Cybersecurity Today and Tomorrow
This report reviews past NRC studies that have examined various dimensions of computer and network security and vulnerability and brings the results forward into the context of the current environment of security and vulnerability. The review includes work done since 1991, such as Computers at Risk (1991), Cryptography's Role in Securing the Information Society (1996), For the Record: Protecting Electronic Health Information (1997), Trust in Cyberspace (1999), Continued Review of the Tax Systems Modernization of the Internal Revenue Service (1996), Realizing the Potential of C4I (1999), and Embedded, Everywhere (2001).
eBook
Funding a Revolution
The past 50 years have witnessed a revolution in computing and related communications technologies. The contributions of industry and university researchers to this revolution are manifest; less widely recognized is the major role the federal government played in launching the computing revolution and sustaining its momentum. Funding a Revolution examines the history of computing since World War II to elucidate the federal government's role in funding computing research, supporting the education of computer scientists and engineers, and equipping university research labs. It reviews the economic rationale for government support of research, characterizes federal support for computing research, and summarizes key historical advances in which government-sponsored research played an important role.
Funding a Revolution contains a series of case studies in relational databases, the Internet, theoretical computer science, artificial intelligence, and virtual reality that demonstrate the complex interactions among government, universities, and industry that have driven the field. It offers a series of lessons that identify factors contributing to the success of the nation's computing enterprise and the government's role within it.
eBook
Building Data Capacity for Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
The Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation (ASPE), in partnership with other agencies and divisions of the United States Department of Health and Human Services, coordinates a portfolio of projects that build data capacity for conducting patient-centered outcomes research (PCOR). PCOR focuses on producing scientific evidence on the effectiveness of prevention and treatment options to inform the health care decisions of patients, families, and health care providers, taking into consideration the preferences, values, and questions patients face when making health care choices.
ASPE asked the National Academies to appoint a consensus study committee to identify issues critical to the continued development of the data infrastructure for PCOR. Building Data Capacity for Patient-Centered Outcomes Research contains findings and conclusions in the areas that could benefit from being prioritized as part of ASPE's work, and offers input on strengthening the overall framework for building the data infrastructure over the coming years. The committee authoring this report also issued three interim reports, which summarized discussions from three workshops, and are included as appendices in the final report.
eBook
Professionalizing the Nation's Cybersecurity Workforce?
\"Professionalizing the Nation's Cybersecurity Workforce? Criteria for Decision-Making\" considers approaches to increasing the professionalization of the nation's cybersecurity workforce. This report examines workforce requirements for cybersecurity and the segments and job functions in which professionalization is most needed; the role of assessment tools, certification, licensing, and other means for assessing and enhancing professionalization; and emerging approaches, such as performance-based measures. It also examines requirements for the federal (military and civilian) workforce, the private sector, and state and local government. The report focuses on three essential elements: (1) understanding the context for cybersecurity workforce development, (2) considering the relative advantages, disadvantages, and approaches to professionalizing the nation's cybersecurity workforce, and (3) setting forth criteria that can be used to identify which, if any, specialty areas may require professionalization and set forth criteria for evaluating different approaches and tools for professionalization. \"Professionalizing the Nation's Cybersecurity Workforce? Criteria for Decision-Making\" characterizes the current landscape for cybersecurity workforce development and sets forth criteria that the federal agencies participating in the National Initiative for Cybersecurity Education--as well as organizations that employ cybersecurity workers--could use to identify which specialty areas may require professionalization and to evaluate different approaches and tools for professionalization. The following are appended: (1) Biographies of Committee Members; (2) Workshop Agendas; and (3) Speakers and Participants at Workshops Organized by the Committee. [This report was written by: Committee on Professionalizing the Nation's Cybersecurity Workforce: Criteria for Future Decision-Making; Computer Science and Telecommunications Board; Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences; National Research Council.]
eBook