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Laparoscopic surgery is a very popular medical intervention for the diagnosis and treatment of some abdominal problems and diseases. Compared with open surgery, laparoscopic procedures reduce patient trauma and recovery time. Still, at the same time, the surgeon’s dexterity is reduced as a result of the operation specificity and instrument construction. Correct behaviour of every device and instrument during its activities is an important condition for the proper operation of the whole system. The main purpose of this work is to model the operating behaviour of an instrument-organ interaction in an environment which is similar to the real one. The ultimate target of this study is focused on the development of a functionally operating model of a laparoscopic executive instrument for robots with improved engineering characteristics. To achieve the goals, the following main tasks are decided: i) Unified Modelling Language is applied to demonstrate the operating behaviour of a device in real-time. UseCase diagram and 3 Activity diagrams have been developed; ii) an original model of an instrument with 4 degrees of freedom for robot-assisted surgery is designed. In contrast to EndoWrist technology created by Intuitive Surgical Incorporation, USA for DaVinci instruments (with 3 orthogonal rotations), we offered other construction decisions. The designed instrument provides a kinematic structure with a combination of perpendicular and parallel rotations (RR║R) which avoids additional rolls and allows obtaining the optimal working area of this instrument. This study is a continuation of previous work in the surgical robotics area.

Design principles of a novel Multifunctional Operation Station (MOS) using Augmented Reality (AR) technology (MOSAR) are proposed in this paper. AR-based design allows more ergonomic remote instrument control in real time in contrast to classical instrument-centered interfaces. Another advantage is its hierarchical software structure including multiple programming interpreters. The MOSAR approach is illustrated with a remote surgical operating station that controls intelligent surgical instruments. The implementation of the Operation Station (MOS) is based on the multiplatform open-source library Tcl/Tk, and an AR extension has been developed on a Unity platform, using Vuforia SDK.

The main target of everyone engineering work associated with minimally-invasive surgery is to provide adequate tool-tissue force information to the surgeons so that they can regain the sense of touch that has been lost through laparoscopic surgery. In this context the main objective of the work design novel family laparoscopic tools with better technical characteristics, and incorporation of force and other sensors and elements in construction of tools for restore sense of touch in the process of laparoscopy. Thus it is improving some technical side of this laparoscopic instruments. In contrast to daVinchi robots by Intuitive Surgical Incorporation which instruments are designed for manipulation and imaging we offer family tools with additional functions such as diagnosis and therapeutics tasks. Therefore we decide two main problems: i) we designed and produced an original construction of an adequate experimental module for robots, where was incorporated two force sensors to provide tool-tissue information (some of which was described and discussed at previous works); and ii) we realized hardware and program resources for control and monitoring of this module which is the object of this work. The computer program includes information about various measurements of the tip tool – surface contact interactions and data obtained from the experimental module that is used to find the difference between date from previous measuring and received information in real time. Another signification advantage of the proposed program solution is the graphical visualization of the measuring and comparing the results. Therefore, the surgeon can give the adequate command to force interaction between the instrument and tissue. For verification of the functionality and working capacity of the experimental module with force feedback capabilities for robots were conducted different experiments with the designed control system.

This article presents a robotic platform integrated with a Wi-Fi-enabled ECG device designed for telemedicine and ambulatory monitoring. The advancement of portable and wearable ECG monitoring systems remains a key focus in the development of health-related technologies. An ECG device is a critical medical tool used to record the electrical activity of the heart over a specified period, playing a vital role in diagnosing heart diseases and monitoring cardiovascular health. Our objective is to develop a new generation of robotic tools that enhance healthcare and patient management. Specifically, we aim to design an innovative Wi-Fi-enabled ECG device for non-invasive heart rhythm monitoring, capable of receiving, storing, visualizing, and transmitting high-quality electrocardiographic signals remotely. This device enables comprehensive ECG analysis and continuous patient monitoring while seamlessly integrating with other diagnostic and therapeutic functions within the robotic platform's operational framework. A key feature of the proposed device is its ability to detect and promptly alert users to abnormal heart rhythms, making it highly effective for telemedicine and ambulatory care. One of its most notable innovations is the incorporation of the MAX30003 chipset, which facilitates real-time ECG monitoring in portable and wearable systems suitable for both remote medical consultations and personal health tracking. Looking ahead, the system is designed to evolve toward autonomous functionality. Unlike other similar devices, innovative solutions related to the construction and connections of the ECG with the Robotic System are presented here. The research team has extensive experience in surgical robotics, and this development builds upon previous work in the field.

The article presents investigations in the area of the analysis of heterogeneous biological tissues using tools based on mechanical stimulations. Some known tissue mechanical models are presented along with one approach for specifying the tissue internal structure by measuring mechanical macro parameters of the research tools. The methodology of micro and macro stimulation is described and the construction of an experimental model of a smart laparoscopic tool for its realization is presented.

Robotic technologies are advancing in the field of minimally invasive surgery. The last decade, more than 1.5 million laparoscopic surgical procedures, including gynecologic, cardiac, urology, thoracic, and general surgery, have been performed by popular robotic and mechatronic systems for minimally invasive surgery. In contrast to big popular robot systems, which are designed for manipulation and video observation, this paper describes a novel instrument for therapy. The purpose of the paper is to present the design of a compact, convenient, simplified, better, and affordable priced device, so that small hospitals can access and benefit from these systems. The ultimate goal is to radically improve the quality and efficiency of healthcare.

The main target of everyone engineering work associated with minimally-invasive surgery is to provide adequate tool-tissue force information to the surgeons so that they can regain the \"sense of touch\" that has been lost through laparoscopic surgery. In contrast to daVinchi robots by Intuitive Surgical Incorporation which instruments are designed for manipulation and video observation our institute developed family tools with additional functions. Therefore, two main problems were solved: i) an original construction of an adequate experimental module for robots was designed and produced, in which two force sensors was incorporated to provide tool-tissue information (some of which were described and discussed in a previous work), and ii) hardware and program resources for control and monitoring of this module were achieved, this being the object of this work. The computer program includes information about various measurements of the tip tool-contact surface interactions and data obtained from the experimental module that is used to find the difference between data from previous measurement and information received in real time. Another signification advantage of the proposed program solution is the graphical visualization of the measurements and comparison of the results. Therefore, the surgeon can give the adequate command to force interaction between the instrument and tissue. For verification of the functionality and working capacity of the experimental module with force feedback capabilities of robots, different experiments with the designed control system were conducted.