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Deep in the shade of a walnut grove stands a tall tree that houses the Walnut Animal Society. Henry is a founding member, an inventor, and a tinkerer. Today Eleanor the bear and Henry search for his lost idea, but discover much more.

Current literature suggests that seeing and bagging game, among other experiences, play a major role in overall satisfaction for hunters. In addition, research highlights relationships that harvest expectations may have with harvest success and in explaining satisfaction. We add to the multiple satisfactions concept that, despite other derived benefits, harvest success may be fundamental to sustain participation and duck (Anatidae) hunters themselves are agents of their own success. We used data from mail surveys conducted between 2007–2015 of Wisconsin, USA, waterfowl hunters to investigate the role of duck hunter behavior and expectations in explaining differences in season satisfaction ratings. We found that duck hunters who spent more days afield, scouted prior to hunting, were mobile during the season, and utilized public lands harvested substantially more ducks than those who did not put effort into these behaviors. Furthermore, we find evidence in support of previous work that by examining the effect of harvest success through the lens of harvest expectations, it better describes satisfaction than either measure did alone among this population of duck hunters. Based on past experiences, duck hunters may develop unrealistic expectations that doom them to dissatisfactory harvests. These results provide assistance to managers and conservationists in helping hunters understand and set realistic harvest expectations, achieve their harvest goals, and continue to be active hunters.

BackgroundMusculoskeletal injury (MSKI) is the leading cause of medical downgrading and discharge within the UK military, with lower limb MSKI having the greatest incidence, negatively impacting operational readiness. Pain is a primary limiting factor to rehabilitation progress following MSKI. Heavy-load resistance training (RT; ie, loads >70% 1-repetition maximum) is traditionally used but may be contraindicated due to pain, potentially prolonging recovery and leading to failure of essential physical employment standards for UK military personnel. Low-load RT with blood flow restriction (BFR) can promote favourable morphological and physiological adaption, as well as elicit hypoalgesia in healthy and clinical populations (eg, post-operative), and has proven a viable option in military rehabilitation settings. The acceptability and tolerance of higher relative BFR pressures in persistent pain populations are unknown due to the complexity of presentation and the perception of discomfort experienced during BFR exercise. Greater relative pressures (ie, 80% limb occlusion pressure (LOP)) elicit a greater hypoalgesic response in pain-free individuals, but greater perceived discomfort which may not be tolerated in persistent pain populations. However, lower relative pressure (ie, 40% LOP) has elicited hypoalgesia in pain-free individuals, which therefore may be more clinically acceptable and tolerated in persistent pain populations. The primary aim of both randomised controlled trials (RCT) is to investigate the efficacy and acceptability of using high-frequency, low-load BFR-RT in UK military personnel with lower limb MSKI where persistent pain is the primary limiting factor for progression.MethodologyThe presented protocol is a two-phase RCT based within a military rehabilitation setting. Phase One is a 1-week RCT to determine the most efficacious and acceptable BFR-RT protocol (7× BFR-RT sessions over 5 days at 40% or 80% LOP; n=28). Phase Two is a 3-week RCT comparing the most clinically acceptable BFR pressure, determined by Phase One (21× BFR-RT sessions over 15 days; n=26) to usual care within UK Defence Rehabilitation residential rehabilitation practices. Outcomes will be recorded at baseline, daily and following completion of the intervention. The primary outcome will be the brief pain inventory. Secondary outcomes include blood biomarkers for inflammation and pain (Phase Two only), injury-specific outcome measures, lower extremity function scale, objective measures of muscle strength and neuromuscular performance, and pressure pain threshold testing.Ethics and disseminationThe study is approved by the Ministry of Defence Research Ethics Committee (2318/MODREC/24) and Northumbria University. All study findings will be published in scientific peer-reviewed journals and presented at relevant scientific conferences.Trial registration numberRegistered with Clinical Trials. The registration numbers are as follows: NCT06621914 (Phase One) and NCT06621953 (Phase Two).

Combining the selective AKT inhibitor, capivasertib, and SERD, fulvestrant improved PFS in a Phase III clinical trial (CAPItello-291), treating HR+ breast cancer patients following aromatase inhibitors, with or without CDK4/6 inhibitors. However, clinical data suggests CDK4/6 treatment may reduce response to subsequent monotherapy endocrine treatment. To support understanding of trials such as CAPItello-291 and gain insight into this emerging population of patients, we explored how CDK4/6 inhibitor treatment influences ER+ breast tumour cell function and response to fulvestrant and capivasertib after CDK4/6 inhibitor treatment. In RB+, RB− T47D and MCF7 palbociclib-resistant cells ER pathway ER and Greb-1 expression were reduced versus naïve cells. PI3K-AKT pathway activation was also modified in RB+ cells, with capivasertib less effective at reducing pS6 in RB+ cells compared to parental cells. Expression profiling of parental versus palbociclib-resistant cells confirmed capivasertib, fulvestrant and the combination differentially impacted gene expression modulation in resistant cells, with different responses seen in T47D and MCF7 cells. Fulvestrant inhibition of ER-dependent genes was reduced. In resistant cells, the combination was less effective at reducing cell cycle genes, but a consistent reduction in cell fraction in S-phase was observed in naïve and resistant cells. Despite modified signalling responses, both RB+ and RB− resistant cells responded to combination treatment despite some reduction in relative efficacy and was effective in vivo in palbociclib-resistant PDX models. Collectively these findings demonstrate that simultaneous inhibition of AKT and ER signalling can be effective in models representing palbociclib resistance despite changes in pathway dependency.

Loss of PTEN expression, via homozygous or hemizygous deletion, is common in PIK3CA mutant ER + BC tumors. We assessed reduction of PTEN protein expression on AKT inhibitor capivasertib efficacy in PIK3CA altered tumors. In PIK3CA altered, PTEN protein high models, PI3Kα and AKT inhibition was effective, however ablation and partial PTEN expression reduction attenuated PI3Kαi but not AKTi efficacy, alone or combined with fulvestrant. Efficacy was FOXO3 dependent and associated with FOXM1 downregulation. FOXO3A deletion reduced response to capivasertib, and increased FOXM1 expression. Long term capivasertib exposure of ER+ BC cells upregulated FOXM1 expression. Downregulating FOXM1 expression reversed resistance to capivasertib, while FOXM1 overexpression reduced capivasertib efficacy. Collectively this suggests the AKT-FOXO3-FOXM1 axis plays a pivotal role in response to AKTi in ER+ breast cancer with PIK3CA mutations with and without expression of PTEN, that FOXO3 expression loss can mediate resistance, and that FOXM1 downregulation is a potential biomarker of response.

In the late-eighteenth and early-nineteenth centuries, layette pincushions were a common gift for expectant mothers either during pregnancy or just after the birth of the child. Created by a family member, friend, or neighbor, they would often be included as part of a layette set which is a collection of clothing and other items needed for the care of a newborn baby. Pins were heavily used by women in the eighteenth century for pinning babies’ diapers, headgear, clothing, and swaddling. These objects were typically marked with the initials and birth date of the child and included phrases such as “Welcome Little Stranger” and “God Bless the Babe and May It Live.” These words took on anticipatory and contingent significance as they would often be created before the birth of the child and would entirely shift in meaning if either the mother or the child did not survive the birth, which was a common occurrence during this era. As the messages and motifs are formed using the exposed pin heads as a design element, the aesthetic and sentimental value must be sacrificed by removing the pins to use them as fasteners.The practice of materially marking initials and dates on domestic textile objects is rooted in the needlework practices that women would have learned at an early age, beginning with embroidery samplers. Layette pincushions exemplify the material skills and moral values that early needlework education instilled in women as well as directly representing the significance of their assigned roles as mothers. Throughout women’s history the needle has been portrayed as both an instrument of suffering and reclamation as it represents the history of women’s oppression but also their ability to transcend these prescribed roles and gain a greater degree of autonomy. Directly related to the needle, the pin also contains a multitude of dualistic qualities. Opposed to the notions of care intended by these objects, layette pincushions also retain an inherent quality of violence. In addition to their ability to join or mend, pins can also cause pain, which was unfortunately a common occurrence for babies getting stuck with their own diaper pins prior to the invention of safety pins in 1849.Due to their unique materiality and distinct function, layette pincushions are valuable historical repositories of eighteenth-century craft, culture, and maternal identity. Women in the eighteenth century continuously crafted textile objects by hand that are imbued with sentimental value and continue to serve as mnemonic devices to fill the absence of loss. Existing at the intersection of material culture, the history of emotions, sensory history, and women’s history, this thesis seeks to draw out the relationships between the sensory experience and sentimental emotion of materially marking familial relationships with the shifting temporalities of anticipatory, commemorative, and memorial objects.

Dormancy is a widespread adaptive strategy that allows organisms to survive in temporally varying habitats by suspending development and reproduction. Although environmental variability is expected to shape dormancy strategies, it remains unclear how differences in environmental variability and predictability influence both the production of dormant embryos and the termination of dormancy. We addressed these questions by comparing and , two closely related species that inhabit environments differing in variability and predictability. We hypothesized that , which inhabits ephemeral environments, would exhibit a greater propensity for sexual reproduction and dormancy and would require stronger cues to break dormancy than D. , which occurs in more permanent, predictable habitats. Consistent with our hypothesis, lineages produced significantly more males and ephippia than when reared under identical laboratory conditions, indicating greater investment in sexual reproduction and dormancy. Contrary to our hypothesis, we found no difference in responsiveness to cues between the two species. Across species, embryos broke dormancy and hatched most readily after experiencing changes in cold and light, even if not experienced at the same time. In contrast, desiccation reduced the propensity to break dormancy. Together, these results indicate that species occupying more ephemeral environments invest more heavily in the production of dormant offspring, but that the environmental cues regulating dormancy termination appear broadly similar between species. This pattern suggests that while investment in dormancy may evolve in response to environmental variability, the mechanisms controlling dormancy termination are more conserved.

In this study, urban public school teachers participated in grant funded professional development with a focus on culturally relevant pedagogy. The professional development fostered co-teaching by history and social studies education professors to help improve the pedagogical practices of participating teachers. White female teachers participated in this research. Data collection included grant evaluation reports, focus group interviews, and observations. In addition to describing the grant, the authors examine White teachers' pedagogical practices in schools that serve primarily Black and Latino student populations.