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"Branford, Anna"
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Violet Mackerel's possible friend
After moving to a new neighborhood, a girl who's both a worrier and a problem solver meets a possible very good friend next door.
Book
Internship crafting: Transposing the concept of job crafting for students undertaking work-integrated learning
This paper proposes internship crafting as a strategy for addressing a range of challenges encountered by students, host organizations, and educators involved in the planning and undertaking of internships. Challenges include work that lacks relevance to students' aspirations, host organizations' difficulty in judging the amounts and types of work to provide, and educators' uncertainty regarding how to support the required negotiations. Internship crafting is explored as an opportunity to position students as active agents in the design of their internship experiences. The concept draws on the idea of job crafting, by which employees proactively co-design their tasks with colleagues and superiors to better align their strengths and interests with the needs of their organizations, for mutual benefit. Transposing job crafting onto internships creates a framework with the potential to empower students to co-design their internship experiences to advance both the needs of their host organizations and their own professional growth.
Journal Article
The UK Coronavirus Cancer Monitoring Project: protecting patients with cancer in the era of COVID-19
The causative virus, SARS-CoV-2, is a new strain of betacoronavirus previously not identified in humans and thought to be of zoonotic origin.1 The presentation of COVID-19 varies from no or minor symptoms akin to the common cold, to severe acute respiratory distress syndrome, resulting in severely impaired respiratory function.1 SARS-CoV-2 is highly contagious through direct transfer of respiratory droplets during coughing and sneezing or indirect fomite spread via contaminated surfaces.2 This simple transmission, coupled with international travel, has enabled rapid spread of the virus with more than 870 000 cases and 43 000 deaths reported worldwide as of April 1, 2020.3 Approximately 2·5 million individuals live with, or have a history of, cancer in the UK, with 1000 new diagnoses each day.4 Of these patients, a substantial proportion require, are undergoing, or are recovering from surgery and complex treatments. Conversely, many cancer treatments for solid tumours have little effect on lymphocyte populations or inflammatory responses. [...]SARS-CoV-2 infection is highly unlikely to affect all patients with cancer equally. [...]substantial reallocation of resources away from cancer care services could potentially have unintended cancer-related implications, including increased morbidity and mortality. [...]real-time collection, analysis, and dissemination of data from our cancer centres about SARS-CoV-2 infection rates in patients with cancer, and their disease outcomes, is needed.
Journal Article
The mutational burden of therapy-related myeloid neoplasms is similar to primary myelodysplastic syndrome but has a distinctive distribution
Therapy-related myeloid neoplasms (T-MN) are poorly characterized secondary hematological malignancies following chemotherapy/radiotherapy exposure. We compared the clinical and mutational characteristics of T-MN (
n
= 129) and primary myelodysplastic syndrome (P-MDS,
n
= 108) patients. Although the somatic mutation frequency was similar between T-MN and P-MDS patients (93% in both groups), the pattern was distinct.
TP53
mutations were more frequent in T-MN (29.5 vs. 7%), while spliceosomal complex mutations were more common in P-MDS (56.5 vs. 25.6%). In contrast to P-MDS, the ring sideroblasts (RS) phenotype was not associated with better survival in T-MN, most probably due to genetic association with
TP53
mutations.
SF3B1
was mutated in 96% of P-MDS with ≥15% RS, but in only 32% T-MN.
TP53
mutations were detected in 92% T-MN with ≥15% RS and
SF3B1
wild-type cases. Interestingly, T-MN and P-MDS patients with “Very low” or “Low” Revised International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS-R) showed similar biological and clinical characteristics. In a Cox regression analysis,
TP53
mutation was a poor prognostic factor in T-MN, independent of IPSS-R cytogenetics, disease-modifying therapy, and
NRAS
mutation. Our data have direct implications for T-MN management and provide evidence that, in addition to conventional disease parameters, mutational analysis should be incorporated in T-MN risk stratification.
Journal Article
Serologic and Molecular Diagnosis of Anaplasma platys and Ehrlichia canis Infection in Dogs in an Endemic Region
Anaplasma platys and Ehrlichia canis are obligate intracellular, tick-borne rickettsial pathogens of dogs that may cause life-threatening diseases. In this study, we assessed the usefulness of PCR and a widely used commercial antibody-based point-of-care (POC) test to diagnose A. platys and E. canis infection and updated the prevalence of these pathogens in dogs inhabiting the Caribbean island of Saint Kitts. We detected A. platys in 62/227 (27%), E. canis in 84/227 (37%), and the presence of both in 43/227 (19%) of the dogs using PCR. POC testing was positive for A. platys in 53/187 (28%), E. canis in 112/187 (60%), and for both in 42/187 (22%) of the samples tested. There was only a slight agreement between A. platys PCR and POC test results and a fair agreement for E. canis PCR and POC test results. Our study suggests that PCR testing may be particularly useful in the early stage of infection when antibody levels are low or undetectable, whereas, POC test is useful when false-negative PCR results occur due to low bacteremia. A combination of PCR and POC tests may increase the ability to diagnose A. platys and E. canis infection and consequently will improve patient management.
Journal Article
Few-Shot Neuromorphic Vision in a Nonlinear Photonic Network Laser
With the growing prevalence of AI, demand increases for hardware that mimics the brain's ability to extract structure from limited data. In the retina, ganglion cells detect features from sparse inputs via lateral inhibition, where neurons antagonistically suppress activity of neighbouring cells. Biological neurons exhibit diverse heterogeneous nonlinear responses, linked to robust learning and strong performance in low-data regimes. Here, we introduce a retinally-inspired photonic computing system where spatially-competing lasing modes in a random network laser act as heterogeneous, inhibitively-coupled neurons - enabling feature detection, few-shot classification, and segmentation. This silicon-compatible scheme harnesses heterogeneous excitatory and inhibitory nonlinear physical dynamics which give rise to emergent photonic computing behaviour, including parallel feature detection and strong performance when training data is scarce. We report 98.05% and 87.85% accuracy on MNIST and Fashion-MNIST, and 90.12% on BreaKHis cancer diagnosis - outperforming software CNNs including EfficientNetV2 and the vision transformer ViT in few-shot and class-imbalanced regimes with training sets of up to several hundred images. We demonstrate combined segmentation and classification on the HAM10k skin lesion dataset, achieving DICE and Jaccard scores of 84.49% and 74.80%. These results demonstrate the potential of random lasing networks as nonlinear photonic learning systems, and highlight the ability of heterogeneous nonlinear dynamics to support strong learning in challenging low-data scenarios.
Paper
Few-Shot Retinomorphic Vision in a Nonlinear Photonic Network Laser
With the growing prevalence of AI, demand increases for hardware that mimics the brain's ability to extract structure from limited data. In the retina, ganglion cells detect features from sparse inputs via lateral inhibition, where neurons antagonistically suppress activity of neighbouring cells. Biological neurons exhibit diverse heterogeneous nonlinear responses, linked to robust learning and strong performance in low-data regimes. Here, we introduce a bio-inspired 'retinomorphic' photonic system where spatially-competing lasing modes in a network laser act as heterogeneous, inhibitively-coupled neurons - enabling few-shot classification and segmentation. This compact (150 micron) silicon-compatible scheme addresses key challenges in photonic computing: physical nonlinearity and spatial footprint. We report 98.05% and 87.85% accuracy on MNIST and Fashion-MNIST, and 90.12% on BreaKHis cancer diagnosis - outperforming software CNNs including EfficientNet in few-shot and class-imbalanced regimes. We demonstrate combined segmentation and classification on the HAM10k skin lesion dataset, achieving DICE and Jaccard scores of 84.49% and 74.80%. These results establish a new class of nonlinear photonic hardware for versatile, data-efficient neuromorphic computing.
Paper
The role of spin-orbit coupling in the electronic structure of IrO\\(_2\\)
The delicate interplay of electronic charge, spin, and orbital degrees of freedom is in the heart of many novel phenomena across the transition metal oxide family. Here, by combining high- resolution angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy and first principles calculations (with and without spin-orbit coupling), the electronic structure of the rutile binary iridate, IrO\\(_2\\) is investigated. The detailed study of electronic bands measured on a high-quality single crystalline sample, and use of a wide range of photon energy provide a huge improvement over the previous studies. The excellent agreement between theory and experimental results shows that the single-particle DFT description of IrO\\(_2\\) band structure is adequate, without the need of invoking any treatment of correlation effects. Although many observed features point to a 3D nature of the electronic structure, clear surface effects are revealed. The discussion of the orbital character of the relevant bands crossing the Fermi level sheds light on spin orbit coupling-driven phenomena in this material, unveiling a spin-orbit induced avoided crossing, a property likely to play key role in its large spin Hall effect.
Paper