Explore the vast range of titles available.

This study assessed the effectiveness of the Safer, Smarter Kids kindergarten sexual abuse prevention curriculum in meeting its educational objectives of increasing children’s knowledge of safety risks and self-protection strategies. The study utilized a two-phase non-probability convenience sample of public school kindergarten students. The sample consisted of 1169 students in four school districts in Florida. Using an alpha level of .05, a paired-samples t test was calculated to compare the mean pretest scores to the mean posttest scores of the youth participants. The mean difference was significantly greater than zero (p-value ≤.001). The measurement instrument used to assess student gains functioned well in terms of reliability (α = .82). The effect size was large with a Cohen’s d effect size of 1.09. The results indicated that completion of the Safer, Smarter Kids curriculum was followed by a significant increase in students’ knowledge of key prevention concepts with a 77 % increase in scores post intervention.

Slow looking is the art and practice of learning through observation. Using object-based learning strategies provides instructors with innovative opportunities to pique curiosity while providing scaffolding for creativity skills needed to generate new clothing and apparel designs. This paper aims to identify how an FCS educator can use a slow- looking activity as an approach that integrates curiosity, creativity, and critical thinking in the apparel design classroom.

Background Persistent pain is a highly prevalent, global cause of disability. Research suggests that many healthcare professionals are not well equipped to manage pain, and this may be attributable at least in part to undergraduate education. The primary aim of this study was to quantify and compare first and final year nursing, midwifery and allied health professional (NMAHP) students’ pain related knowledge and attitudes. The secondary aim was to explore what factors influence students’ pain related knowledge and attitudes. Methods In this cross-sectional study, 1154 first and final year healthcare students, from 12 universities in five different countries completed the Revised Neurophysiology of Pain Quiz (RNPQ) [knowledge] and the Health Care Providers Pain and Impairment Relationship Scale (HC-PAIRS) [attitudes]. Results Physiotherapy was the only student group with statistically and clinically improved pain related knowledge [mean difference, 95% CI] (3.4, 3.0 to 3.9, p  = 0.01) and attitudes (-17.2, -19.2 to 15.2, p  = 0.01) between first and final year. Pain education teaching varied considerably from course to course (0 to 40 h), with greater levels of pain related knowledge and attitudes associated with higher volumes of pain specific teaching. Conclusions There was little difference in pain knowledge and attitudes between all first and final year NMAHP students other than physiotherapy. This suggests that for most NMAHP disciplines, undergraduate teaching has little or no impact on students’ understanding of pain. There is an urgent need to enhance pain education provision at the undergraduate level in NMAHPs. Trial Registration The study protocol was prospectively registered at ClinicalTrials.Gov NCT03522857 .

If there is an excessive hyperopic error, then I would prescribe glasses and schedule a follow-up examination in 2 to 3 months to remeasure the strabismus. At 9 months postoperatively, the child has an exotropia of 20 PD and visual acuity of 20/25 in the right eye and 20/20 in the left eye. At 4 months later, he has an exotropia of 20 PD and poor visual acuity of 20/200 in the right eye. Based on the existing data, I don't feel comfortable recommending surgery for very young children. William Madigan, MD , is from Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC.

The mother states that both she and her husband are myopic, and the father was diagnosed as having myopia early in his life. Guo: I understand that PEDIG is interested in and will open a multicenter and large sample clinical trial on low-dose atropine for treatment of myopia in the near future. Wang: One of the drawbacks is that using atropine for myopia is not approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and that leads to issues in terms of reimbursements, hospital policy, and whether we should be using it at all. Dr. Wagner gave a grand rounds at Rutgers University that discussed factors such as inadequate lighting conditions and extensively using electronic devices for a lot of near work that may increase the progression of the myopia.

Background This paper, which draws upon an Emancipatory Action Research (EAR) approach, unearths how the complexities of context influence the realities of nursing practice. While the intention of the project was to identify and change factors in the practice context that inhibit effective person-centred pain management practices with older people (65 years or older), reflective critical engagement with the findings identified that enhancing pain management practices with older people was dependent on cultural change in the unit as a whole. Methods An EAR approach was utilised. The project was undertaken in a surgical unit that conducted complex abdominal surgery. Eighty-five percent (n = 48) of nursing staff participated in the two-year project (05/NIR02/107). Data were obtained through the use of facilitated critical reflection with nursing staff. Results Three key themes (psychological safety, leadership, oppression) and four subthemes (power, horizontal violence, distorted perceptions, autonomy) were found to influence the way in which effective nursing practice was realised. Within the theme of 'context,' effective leadership and the creation of a psychologically safe environment were key elements in the enhancement of all aspects of nursing practice. Conclusions Whilst other research has identified the importance of 'practice context' and models and frameworks are emerging to address this issue, the theme of 'psychological safety' has been given little attention in the knowledge translation/implementation literature. Within the principles of EAR, facilitated reflective sessions were found to create 'psychologically safe spaces' that supported practitioners to develop effective person-centred nursing practices in complex clinical environments.

The new millennium has witnessed a growing concern over the impact of multinational enterprises (MNEs) on human rights. Hence, this article explores (1) how wide-spread corporate policies on human rights are amongst large corporations, specifically the FTSE 100 constituent firms, (2) whether any sectors are particularly active in designing human rights policies and (3) where corporations have adopted such policies what their content is. In terms of adoption rates of human rights policies, evidence of exemplary approaches in individual companies contrasts with a less satisfactory engagement pattern across the sample, as 42.8% of firms do not seem to address human rights at all. With regard to the content of corporate human rights policies, the study found shallow commitments to dominate, where companies focus on a narrow range of negative rights, i.e. on respecting human rights, rather than positive ones, i.e. initiatives to protect or fulfil human rights.

The potential benefits of public space frequently translate into inequitable social and spatial outcomes for specific groups. Young people in particular are being excluded from public spaces through a range of explicit and implicit measures. In the UK, one significant trend constraining their ability to access such space is the extent to which they are commonly perceived as perpetrators of anti-social behaviour. The perceived levels of anti-social behaviour associated with the ‘ASBO generation’ are exacerbating concerns over youths’ presence in, as opposed to absence from, public space. Synthesising new ethnographic research with existing debates about the relationship between young people, anti-social behaviour and public space, this paper argues that it is necessary to address the multifarious discursive processes and material practices influencing young people’s use of public space. The paper demonstrates how, as opposed to eradicating young people from public space, Community Wardens in Dundee often provide them with the opportunity for positive and meaningful encounters with places (and people) in their local communities.

Multidrug resistance continues to be a major impediment to successful chemotherapy in cancer patients. One cause of multidrug resistance is enhanced expression of the mdr1 gene, but the precise factors and physiological conditions controlling mdr1 expression are not entirely known. To gain a better understanding of mdr1 transcriptional regulation, we created a unique mouse model that allows noninvasive bioimaging of mdr1 gene expression in vivo and in real time. The model uses a firefly luciferase (fLUC) gene inserted by homologous recombination into the murine mdr1a genetic locus. The inserted fLUC gene is preceded by a neo expression cassette flanked by loxP sites, so that Cre-mediated recombination is required to configure the fLUC gene directly under the control of the endogenous mdr1a promoter. We now demonstrate that the mdr1a.fLUC knock-in is a faithful reporter for mdr1a expression in naive animals, in which fLUC mRNA levels and luminescence intensities accurately parallel endogenous mdr1a mRNA expression. We also demonstrate xenobiotic-inducible regulation of mdr1a.fLUC expression in real time, in parallel with endogenous mdr1a expression, resulting in a more detailed understanding of the kinetics of mdr1a gene induction. This mouse model demonstrates the feasibility of using bioimaging coupled with Cre/loxP conditional knock-in to monitor regulated gene expression in vivo. It represents a unique tool with which to study the magnitude and kinetics of mdr1a induction under a variety of physiologic, pharmacologic, genetic, and environmental conditions.

The aim of this scoping review was to explore the evidence relating to master’s education for leadership development in adult/general nurses who are not in advanced practice or leadership roles and its impact on practice. The importance of effective, clinical leadership in nursing and health care, has been highlighted following failings reported by Public Inquiries both nationally and internationally. While initiatives have been implemented to address these, the provision of safe, quality care remains problematic. Complex care requires highly skilled professionals to challenge and lead improvements in practice. Master’s education results in graduates with the skills and confidence to make these changes and to become the clinical leaders of the future. An a priori scoping review protocol was developed by the review team. This was used to undertake searches across CINAHL Ultimate; Medline (Ovid), Scopus and ProQuest Complete databases, chosen due to their relevance to the subject area. Articles were limited to those in the English Language, peer reviewed and published since 2009. Citation chaining via the reference lists of frequently identified articles were also searched. A further search for relevant grey material using the same relevant keywords and phrases was performed using the limited, Trip Database and Google Scholar. Eight articles were selected for data extraction, and these were published between 2011 and 2019. The articles were predominantly from the UK and Europe, with a focus either on master’s education or on aspects of leadership in nursing and healthcare. Themes identified: a) The need for clinical leadership; b) master’s education for clinical leadership skills; and c) master’s education for professional and organisational outcomes. The scoping review identified that there is a need for strong clinical leadership in the practice setting. Evidence shows that effective nursing leadership can improve patient outcomes as well as enhancing workplace culture and staff retention. The review has shown that the skills required for clinical leadership are those produced by master’s education. Studies of the impact of master’s education are often self reported and tend to focus on nurses in advanced practice roles. More research is required into master’s education for adult/general nurses not in advanced roles and in examining the link between master’s education and improved patient, professional and organisational outcomes.