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Background Restricting marketing of alcoholic products is purported to be a cost-effective intervention to reduce alcohol consumption. The strength of evidence supporting this claim is contested. This systematic review aimed to assess immediate effects of exposure to alcohol marketing on alcoholic beverage consumption and related cognitions. Methods Electronic searches of nine databases, supplemented with reference list searches and forward citation tracking, were used to identify randomised, experimental studies assessing immediate effects of exposure to alcohol marketing communications on objective alcohol consumption (primary outcome), explicit or implicit alcohol-related cognitions, or selection without purchasing (secondary outcomes). Study limitations were assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. Random and fixed effects meta-analyses were conducted to estimate effect sizes. Results Twenty four studies met the eligibility criteria. A meta-analysis integrating seven studies (758 participants, all students) found that viewing alcohol advertisements increased immediate alcohol consumption relative to viewing non-alcohol advertisements (SMD = 0.20, 95 % CI = 0.05, 0.34). A meta-analysis integrating six studies (631 participants, all students) did not find that viewing alcohol portrayals in television programmes or films increased consumption (SMD = 0.16, 95 % CI = −0.05, 0.37). Meta-analyses of secondary outcome data found that exposure to alcohol portrayals increased explicit alcohol-related cognitions, but did not find that exposure to alcohol advertisements influenced explicit or implicit alcohol-related cognitions. Confidence in results is diminished by underpowered analyses and unclear risk of bias. Conclusions Viewing alcohol advertisements (but not alcohol portrayals) may increase immediate alcohol consumption by small amounts, equivalent to between 0.39 and 2.67 alcohol units for males and between 0.25 and 1.69 units for females. The generalizability of this finding beyond students and to other marketing channels remains to be established.

The mothers simply walk the streets and see what help young people may need, from coping with school, to getting employment advice and access to social services. A report released in April by the Rights Defender, France's main human rights organization, denounced excessive police checks and racial profiling in Paris neighbourhoods, as well as the removal of people considered \"undesirables\" from some of them. Specializing in development and human rights issues, he has reported from Latin America, Europe and Africa for the CBC, BBC, the Guardian, the Toronto Star and other outlets.

Human rights groups say that in the approach to the Paris Olympics, police have stepped up evictions and deportations of people living and working on the streets of the capital and surrounding suburbs, in what some describe as social cleansing. An increase in encampment evictions Alauzy is also a spokesperson for Le revers de la médaille, or \"the other side of the medal,\" a coalition of more than 100 human rights groups advocating for marginalized people in the approach to the Olympic Games. Specializing in development and human rights issues, he has reported from Latin America, Europe and Africa for the CBC, BBC, the Guardian, the Toronto Star and other outlets.

Human rights groups accuse the government of betraying its word and say an ever-widening range of laws are now being used to criminalise people for helping new arrivals, from the charge of assault to defamation and \"insulting a public official. \" \"Since 2015, there's been a proliferation of cases aimed at intimidating or preventing citizens from expressing solidarity with migrants, refugees and Roma,\" says Marine De Hass, of the rights group, La Cimade.

Nov. 30--It was meant to be one of the \"biggest civil disobedience events\" and spur on effective political action on climate change, but the protests in Paris on Sunday were muted and marred by tit-for-tat violence between masked youths and riot police. On the eve of the 2015 Paris Climate Conference (COP21), which optimists hope will save the planet from runaway global warming, dystopian scenes played out in the Place de la Republique square.

Matthieu was a paradoxical character: a small-town boy who became a bourgeois Parisian; low-key but popular; a serious academic who read comic books; a showman at the back of the stage. Since leaving his home in the Alps more than a decade and a half ago, he had begun to make a name for himself.

[...]foreign is this love of wisdom -- the very definition of philosophy -- that one wonders whether the killers chose the address to drive home the point, if it weren't sufficiently clear already: barbarism above all else. What began as a long-shot that anyone I know might be affected is now a frantic search to see that everyone is accounted for: friends and family are seeking each other out; we're sharing messages of an intimacy and honesty that hints at unspoken fears that worse is yet to come.

With dedicated asylum shelters overbooked, Mansour was brought instead to a hotel -- part of the emergency housing used by government to help the homeless, an increasing proportion of whom are asylum seekers. [...]only a few thousand new shelter places have been created over that time, leaving a rapidly rising number of asylum seekers homeless for the 18 months or more that it takes on average to process their claims.