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Measurement of polarized light provides a direct probe of magnetic fields in collimated outflows (jets) of relativistic plasma from accreting stellar-mass black holes at cosmological distances. These outflows power brief and intense flashes of prompt gamma-rays known as Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs), followed by longer-lived afterglow radiation detected across the electromagnetic spectrum. Rapid-response polarimetric observations of newly discovered GRBs have probed the initial afterglow phase. Linear polarization degrees as high as Π∼30% are detected minutes after the end of the prompt GRB emission, consistent with a stable, globally ordered magnetic field permeating the jet at large distances from the central source. In contrast, optical and gamma-ray observations during the prompt phase led to discordant and often controversial results, and no definitive conclusions on the origin of the prompt radiation or the configuration of the magnetic field could be derived. Here we report the detection of linear polarization of a prompt optical flash that accompanied the extremely energetic and long-lived prompt gamma-ray emission from GRB 160625B. Our measurements probe the structure of the magnetic field at an early stage of the GRB jet, closer to the central source, and show that the prompt GRB phase is produced via fast cooling synchrotron radiation in a large-scale magnetic field advected from the central black hole and distorted from dissipation processes within the jet.

The long-term Baikal experiment on study of macroscopic nonlocal correlations between random dissipative heliogeophysical processes and probe ones in the detectors have revealed prominent features of macroscopic entanglement predicted by action-at-a-distance electrodynamics. These correlations have both the retarded and advanced components with large time shifts. The correlations occur at extremely low frequencies and require long series of observations, so the Baikal experiment is continuing to study their unusual properties. In 2019-2021 new data were obtained on correlation of the signals of spaced detectors with each other and with to the natural processes: solar and hydrodynamic activity in Lake Baikal, as well as with the earthquake. The possibility of forecasting of solar and hydrodynamic activity on nonlocal correlations is demonstrated. Recently we paid attention to relatively short periods and discovered unexpected in-phase diurnal variation in the signals of both deep-sea detectors. This diurnal variation is not related to any hydrological processes. Moreover, this variation turned out in-phase with that one recorded by the remote lab detector (at the longitude difference 67°), that is it occurs in universal time, and cannot be associated with the meteorological or geomagnetic diurnal variations. The source of this signal in nonlocal correlation detectors is unknown yet.

Consideration of macroscopic entanglement in the framework of action-at-a- distance electrodynamics leads to rather simple description of macroscopic quantum nonlocal correlations between random dissipative processes in the source and detector. These correlations have both the retarded and advanced component. The latter means correlation in reverse time. Therewith the advanced component through an absorbing medium exceeds the retarded one. For diffusion entanglement swapping the retardation and advancement can be very large. These correlations are detected at extremely low frequencies and characterized by the large time shifts. But these experiments are very difficult in a usual laboratory because of various local interferences. The experimental problem is elegantly solved under deep-sea conditions. The Baikal long-term experiment has started in 2012 at Baikal Deep Sea Neutrino Observatory. The long-term observations demonstrated that detector signals respond nonlocally to the random heliophysical processes. This nonlocal correlation proved to contain considerable time reversed component, exceeding time respecting one. Next, advanced nonlocal correlations of the detector signal with two regional random source-processes: strong earthquake and low frequency macroturbulence in the lake were revealed. In fact this means observation of the random future. The possibilities of the forecasts of random components of solar and hydrological activities on correlations in reverse time have been demonstrated.

— The results of the long-term gradient magnetic measurements performed in the southwest part of Baikal as supplementing the experiment on deep-water monitoring of the electric field vertical component, can be applied to study the deep geoelectric section. Baikal cannot be approximated by a two-dimensional model in the region under study. Therefore, a three-dimensional geoelectric model of the lake and adjacent territories was constructed based on the existing geological and geophysical data. However, these data are insufficient for the region where our observations are carried out. Refinement of the section upper part based on the magnetic field gradients on long bases has been performed using the neural network inversion method. Then, proceeding from the obtained basic model, alternative models were developed, which reflect the known hypotheses about the structure of the deep part of the Baikal rift section: mantle diapir and asthenospheric upwelling. The phase differences between the base-averaged field gradient and the field itself at the base site, as well as the phase differences on the ends of this base, as the most noise-proof gradient functions, are calculated for them. Based on comparison of the experimental and model frequency curves, it is concluded that the mantle diapir model fits best the experimental data, at least, in the southwest part of the Baikal rift zone.

The long-term Baikal Deep-Sea Experiment on study of macroscopic entanglement and advanced response of nonlocal correlation detectors to natural random dissipative processes is conducting. There are both advanced and retarded nonlocal correlations, which correspond to the same direction of causality. However, time reversal causality prevails over usual time respecting one. It is the most prominent property of macroscopic entanglement and manifestation of quantum principle of weak causality. In particular, there is an advanced response to the random component of solar activity, which can be used for the forecast of this component.

The paper presents the method for detecting exoplanets in the image archive obtained by telescopes of the MASTER Global Network since 2002. The unique archive represents homogeneous photometric data obtained over 20 years for the northern (MASTER-Amur, MASTER-Tunka, MASTER-Kislovodsk, M-ASTER-Tavrida, MASTER-IAC, MASTER-OAGH) and 11 years for the southern sky (MASTER-OAFA, MASTER-SAAO). Algorithm of gamma-ray burst error box observation on the MASTER wide-field telescopes make it possible to detect transit phenomena and find exoplanets in archival data. The article presents the results of a photometric analysis of the TESS exoplanet candidate TOI–3570.01.

— In this paper, details of the detection of new object MASTER OT J044907.58+705812.7 (AT2024aaf) discovered on January 14, 2024 during a regular survey using the MASTER-Tunka telescope of the MASTER Global Network of Moscow State University have been present. Additional photometry of the object during joint observations at AZT-11 and 2.6-m ZTSh telescopes of CrAO RAS, MASTER-Tunka, and MASTER-Kislovodsk telescopes has been obtained. Large amplitude , blue color at maximum, brightness fluctuations during the flare with a characteristic time of ~0.06 days, long (at least 50 days) return to a calm state, the presence of at least four repeated rebrightenings gives grounds to classify the object as a dwarf nova of the WZ Sge type with multiple rebrightenings. In the paper, details of the detection of flares of other dwarf novae: MASTER OT J195416.74+494421.1, MASTER OT J150719.46–283114.9, MASTER OT J185835.32–354042.2, MASTER OT J174714.38+150048.1, and MASTER OT J065054.42+593625.5 as an example of the operation of software for processing wide-field images and identifying new and variable sources in them in real time have also been provided.

This paper presents the results of an analysis of observations of the Crab Nebula gamma-ray source with the first two atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes of the TAIGA (Tunka Advanced Instrument for cosmic ray physics and Gamma Astronomy) astrophysical complex in the stereo mode of observations. The article analyzed observational data from 2020 to 2021. Over 36 hours of observations, a signal was obtained at a statistical significance level of 5 and a spectrum of gamma rays was plotted in the energy range from 2 to 70 TeV. The paper describes a technique for gamma–hadron separation and reconstruction of detected gamma-rays energy.

The physical motivations and performance of the TAIGA (Tunka Advanced Instrument for cosmic ray physics and Gamma Astronomy) project are presented. The TAIGA observatory addresses ground-based gamma-ray astronomy at energies from a few TeV to several PeV, as well as cosmic ray physics from 100 TeV to several EeV and astroparticle physics. The pilot TAIGA-1 complex locates in the Tunka valley, km West from the southern tip of the lake Baikal. It includes integrated air Cherenkov TAIGA-HiSCORE array with 120 wide-angle optical stations distributed over on area 1.1 square kilometer about and three 4-m class Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes of the TAIGA-IACT array. The latter array has a shape of triangle with side lengths of about 300, 400 and 500 m. The integral sensitivity of the 1-km TAIGA-1 detector is about TeV cm s for detection of TeV gamma-rays in 300 hours of source observations. The combination of the wide-angle Cherenkov array and IACTs could offer a cost effective-way to build a large (up to 10 km ) array for very high energy gamma-ray astronomy. The reconstruction of a given EAS energy, incoming direction, and the core position, based on the TAIGA-HiSCORE data, allows one to increase the distance between the relatively expensive IACTs up to 600–800 m. These, together with the surface and underground electron/Muon detectors, will be used for selection of gamma-ray-induced EAS. Present status of the project, together with the current array description, the first experimental results and plans for the future are reported.

Although the general theory macroscopic quantum entanglement is still in its infancy, consideration of the matter in the framework of action-at-a-distance electrodynamics predicted, for the random dissipative processes, observability of the advanced nonlocal correlations (time reversal causality). These correlations were really revealed in our previous experiments with some large-scale random heliogeophysical processes as the source ones and the lab detectors as the probe ones. However, the strongest macroscopic nonlocal correlations are observed at extremely low frequencies; therefore, the long-terms experiments therewith under very stable conditions, which are difficult to achieve in a usual laboratory, are necessary. To overcome this difficulty, a new experiment has been conducted on the base of Baikal Deep Sea Neutrino Observatory since 2012. Baikal thick water layer is an excellent shield against any local impacts on the detectors. The long-term series of measurements demonstrates that detector signals respond to the random global heliogeophysical processes, but this nonlocal causal connection proves to contain considerable time reversal component. Nonlocal nature of this connection is confirmed by violation of the steering inequality. In addition, advanced nonlocal correlation of the detector signal with a regional source-process - the random component of hydrological activity (macroturbulence) in the upper layer is revealed. The possibilities of the random processes forecast on nonlocal correlations are demonstrated.