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The understanding of the oxidation behaviors of as-cast and annealed high-entropy alloys (HEAs) is currently limited. This work systematically investigates the influence of annealing on the microstructures and oxidation behaviors of AlCoCrFeNi-based HEAs. Annealing was found to alter the distribution of Al-rich phases which caused a change in the oxidation mechanisms. In general, all three of the investigated HEAs displayed some degree of transient oxidation at 1050 °C that was later followed by protective, parabolic oxide growth. The respective oxidation behaviors are discussed relative to existing oxide formation models for Ni–Cr–Al alloys.

Drawing upon myriad literary and political texts, this book charts how some of the Stuart period’s major challenges to governance—the equivocation of recusant Catholics, the parsing of one’s civil and religious obligations, the composition and distribution of subversive texts, and the increasing assertiveness of Parliament—evoked much greater disputes about the mental processes by which monarchs and subjects imagined, understood, and effected political action. Rather than emphasizing particular forms of political thought such as republicanism or absolutism, the book investigates the more foundational question of political intellection, or the ways in which early modern individuals thought through the often uncertain political and religious environment they occupied, and how attention to such thinking in oneself or others could itself constitute a political position. Focusing on this immanence of cognitive processes in the literature of the Stuart era, the book examines how writers such as Francis Bacon, John Donne, John Milton, and other less familiar figures of the seventeenth century evidence a shared concern with the interrelationship between mental and political behavior. These analyses are combined with close readings of religious and political affairs that return our attention to how early Stuart writers understood the relationship between mental states and the forms of political engagement such as speech, debate, and letter-writing that expressed them. What results is a revised framework for early modern political subjectivity, one in which claims to liberty and sovereignty are tied not simply to what one can do but how—or even if—one can freely think.

The microstructure and temperature dependence of linear thermal expansion and elastic properties of a two-phase, A2 + B2, Al10Nb20Ta15Ti30V5Zr20 refractory superalloy (RSA) and its constituent phases are reported. After slow cooling from 1400 °C, this alloy has a nanometer-sized, two-phase microstructure consisting of Nb-rich BCC (A2 crystal structure) cuboidal precipitates at the volume fraction of 0.63 and continuous channels of a Zr-rich ordered B2 matrix phase. This two-phase microstructure forms by spinodal decomposition of a high-temperature BCC phase. Differential scanning calorimetry shows that the order–disorder transformation in the Zr-rich phase occurs in the temperature range of 550 °C to 850 °C. The coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of the Nb-rich BCC phase increases slightly from 8.9 × 10−6 to 9.1 × 10−6 K−1 with increasing temperature from 20 °C to 1200 °C. The Zr-rich phase has CTE of 9.1 × 10−6 K−1 in the ordered (B2) state, at 20 °C to 550 °C, and 12.2 × 10−6 K−1 in the disordered (A2) state, at 900 °C to 1200 °C. The Nb-rich phase has higher Young’s and shear moduli, but lower bulk modulus and Poisson’s ratio, as compared to the Zr-rich phase, at 20 °C to 600 °C. The CTE and elastic properties of the two-phase RSA approximately follow the rule of mixtures of the constituent phases in the studied temperature ranges. Correlations between the morphology of the spinodally decomposed microstructure in the two-phase RSA and the thermal and elastic properties of the constituent A2 and B2 phases are established.

Milton's recurrent presence in readings of American law suggests the importance of reading his divorce tracts not just in their immediate context but also within the legal doctrines that have since evolved around their central arguments. In particular, this essay argues that a close reading of the importance and sanctity Milton and other seventeenth-century writers accorded marital conversation reveals a new genealogy for certain modern legal protections afforded to such conjugal intimacies. Manifested today in what is now collectively called \"spousal privilege,\" or, generally speaking, the right of a husband or wife to limit or prevent the evidentiary testimony of his or her spouse in a court of law, the roots of such evidentiary rights have been generally assumed to lie in the medieval and early modern doctrine of coverture, or the sublimation upon marriage of a woman's independent identity into that of her husband. By the nineteenth century, however, the justification for spousal privilege had become centered on the maintenance of marital harmony rather than male headship.

This essay demonstrates how disputes over the cognitive processes that structure both manuscript and print helped establish and limit Jacobean state authority. It investigates the 1614 clash between James I, Francis Bacon, and Edward Coke that occurred in the aftermath of the arrest of Edmund Peacham, a Somerset minister, and the discovery of his undelivered sermon that attacked James. The ensuing debate over the nature of Peacham's offense and the textual evidence that revealed it is then juxtaposed with disputes over Coke's Reports. When read together, these debates demonstrate how early modern disputes over the processes of writing illumine a much larger struggle over how mechanisms of individual and corporate thought can constitute a nascent claim to a liberty of the mind.

Additive manufacturing of Ti-6Al-4V commonly produces 〈001〉 β -fiber textures aligned with the build direction. We have performed wire-feed electron beam directed energy deposition on the {112} β plane of a single prior β -grain. The build initially grew epitaxially from the substrate with the preferred 〈001〉 growth direction significantly angled away from the build direction. However, continued layer deposition drove the formation of a 〈001〉 β -fiber texture aligned with the build direction and the direction of the strongest thermal gradient.

This essay uses the theories of Hannah Arendt to characterize the Jacobean Oath of Allegiance as a problem of political theology, one in which the judicial performance of the oath must balance the interjection of sovereign authority over matters of individual conscience. The essay asks if that balance can include the necessarily plural, and potentially destabilizing, negotiations of promise-making. To answer those questions, the essay draws on accounts of the 1607 trial and execution of Robert Drury, an English Catholic priest captured less than a year after the infamous Gunpowder Plot. These accounts reveal how individual Catholic encounters with the Oath and the state machinery that enforced it demonstrate—in real time and before real audiences—an engagement with questions of sovereignty, conscience, and the competing claims of religion and nation that occupied more learned commentators. In this instance, Drury's attempt to negotiate a private submission to the king's decree, rather than a public one, runs aground on what I argue is the state's desire to control not only the allegiance of its Catholic (and Protestant) subjects, but also the creative and political agency that inheres in moments of socio-political compacting. The result is an account that complements recent theoretical studies by providing a sense of the lived experience of political theology in Jacobean England.

While critics have relied upon bibliographical data and his translation of Thucydides to establish the early Thomas Hobbes as a humanist, this essay argues that substantive evidence to support this conclusion can be found in the comparatively neglected discourses of the Horae Subsecivae. Reading Hobbe's contribution to the Horae alongside his translation of Thucydides reveals a consistent concern with the political potential of both verbal and visual images and with the dangers rhetorical manipulation could pose to individual and sovereign authority. Together these texts demonstrate an early Hobbes already deeply invested in the political debates and crises of his era.