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Every year, 700 million twenty-foot (container) equivalent units pass through the container terminals of the harbours all over the world. Only a small percentage (34%) are scanned to inspect the presence of radioactive materials. The need for controls is hampered essentially by three factors: the amount of both time and personnel necessary to control each container and the use of scanning methods based on systems potentially harmful for the personnel itself. Muon tomography can become a strategy for fast and reliable inspection of containers without using ionizing radiation. This technology takes advantage of multiple Coulomb scattering of the muons (particle produced by cosmic rays) through media to understand the composition and the geometry of the scanned volume. The TECNOMUSE project has the purpose to realize a muon tomography scanner based on a novel geometry and, for the first time, using Resistive Plate Chambers detectors. In this work, the preliminary results from the TECNOMUSE scanner are evaluated via Monte Carlo simulations. Many different simulations have been made with the aim to assess the detection capabilities of the device, its spatial resolution and the time required to reconstruct and distinguish different materials.

The conference clearly demonstrated the increasing interest and growth of the scientific community working on the development and application of sub-seasonal to seasonal prediction since the start of the World Weather Research Programme (WWRP)/World Climate Research Programme (WCRP) sub-seasonal to seasonal (S2S) prediction project in 2013. The conference, which was held at the University of Reading (United Kingdom), was organized into three main themes as briefly summarized below, with eleven invited talks, 74 oral contributed talks, and 101 posters. The conference also included a two-hour breakout session, wherein eight groups discussed the current state and prospect for S2S prediction, and an early career researcher event. A summary of these discussions and recommendations is presented below. The conference web page (https://research.reading.ac.uk/s2s-summit2023/) is archived at the University of Reading. Introductory comments by representatives of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) WWRP and WCRP emphasized the importance of the weather–climate linkage, targeted by S2S forecasts (from 2 weeks to a season ahead), addressing the challenges of creating “end-to-end” forecasts that encompass the entire climate-services chain from the prediction science and forecast, to the development and issuing of forecast products tailored to informing user-decisions. They also emphasized the efficacy of multi-model ensemble efforts and databases to foster collaborations internationally and between operational centres and academia. Although the WWRP/WCRP S2S project comes to an end in 2023, S2S prediction will remain an important focus for WWRP and WCRP. In WWRP, a new project called SAGE (Sub-seasonal to seasonal predictions for Agriculture and Environment) will start in 2024. Another important legacy of the S2S project will be the maintenance of the S2S database (Vitart et al. 2017) and the establishment of a WMO Lead Center for sub-seasonal prediction multi-model ensemble (LC-SSPMME) which will provide real-time multi-model S2S climate information. In two keynote presentations, Prof. Brian Hoskins (University of Reading) and Dr. Gilbert Brunet (Australian Bureau of Meteorology) discussed the potential of S2S predictability and the ongoing journey for understanding and improving these predictions. This conference was a sequel to the International Conference on Sub-seasonal to Seasonal Prediction (Robertson et al., 2014) which took place in College Park (Maryland, USA) in February 2014 to celebrate the start of the WWRP/WCRP S2S project, and to WCRP and WWRP conferences in Boulder, USA, in 2018 (Merryfield et al., 2020). A significant development compared to the previous S2S conferences was the large number of presentations on research to operation (R2O) and S2S applications and on the use of artificial intelligence and machine learning (AI/ML) methods for S2S prediction. Some of these methods provide empirical S2S forecasts which are competitive with state-of-the-art dynamical models. Other presentations demonstrated that AI/ML can provide alternative calibration of dynamical model outputs to traditional methods. Several talks and posters highlighted the increasing use of AI/ML, including deep learning, in S2S forecast post-processing and using AI to identify higher flow-dependent skill. Finally, some presentations demonstrated the value of AI/ML methods for a better understanding of S2S sources of predictability and attribution of extreme events.

With the upgrade of the RPCs [1]-[2] and the increase of its performances, the study and the optimization of the read-out panel is necessary in order to maintain the signal integrity and to reduce the intrinsic crosstalk. Through Electromagnetic Simulation, performed with CST Studio Suite, new panels design are tested and their crosstalk property are studied. The behavior of different type of panel is shown, in particular a panel with the decoupling strip connected through their characteristic impedance to the ground plane is simulated.

The first Resistive Plate Chambers detectors were developed for cosmic ray experiments, where low rate capability, good time resolution and low cost per unit of area were needed. These same features, except for the low rate capability, were required in the muon spectrometers of the collider experiments like LHC. For this purpose newRPCdetectors with increased rate capability were developed. The rate capability improvement has been achieved thanks to the transition from streamer to saturated avalanche regime, in which the average charge produced in the gas dicharge is smaller. The price to pay for this working mode switch is the transfer of the amplification from the detector to the FE electorinics. The High luminosity LHC and the future colliders will require even greater rate capability in the muon spectrometer compared to the current one. For this reason, further improving of the rate capability is required. The transition from the saturated avalanche to a low saturated avalanche regime moves in this direction and needs a new front end electronics with better signal to noise ratio, because the average induced charge on the electrode is even smaller. The front end electronics design is crucial for the RPC performances. In this paper we discuss the performances of the RPC detector changing the front end design and the detector parameters.

A new particle detector with sub-nanosecond time resolution capable of working in high-rate environment (rate capability of the order of \\(MHz/ cm^2\\)) is under developmnet. Semiconductive electrodes with resistivity \\(\\rho\\) up to \\(10^8 \\Omega\\cdot cm\\) have been used to improve the RPC [1] [2] rate capability. In this paper efficiency and time resolution of three different detector structures are presented.

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Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz’s silences, including her final and mysterious withdrawal from letters, were not empty spaces at all but highly loaded performative resistances to patriarchal control. My work is based on Judith Butler's poststructural theory on performance and subject construction, with support from postcolonial and feminist theories. The approach is a break from the historical and popular gendered discourses that surround her final years, one that explores the loaded gaps and borders that provide liminal spaces for the transcendence of her voice and gender over the ages. I address the research, speculation, and theories that have misread her silences as material, gendered, empty or defeated and that in doing so limit her voice yet again.

THREE-QUARTERS OF THE world's mercantile marine are engaged in the battle for freedom and democracy against Axis Fascism. Sailors from many nations are engaged in this struggle carrying out the same work, running the same risks and often losing their lives for the same purpose. Yet they are rewarded with different basic wages.

James P. Sterba's Oct. 11 page-one article \"Kill Kitty? Question Has the Fur Flying in Critter Crowd\" declares an \"open season\" on cats with no end in sight.