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Recent studies suggested that gut microbiota was involved in the development of coronary artery disease. However, the changes of gut microbiota following acute myocardial infarction (AMI) remain unknown. In this study, a total of 66 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into control, AMI and SHAM groups. The controls (n = 6) were sacrificed after anesthesia. The AMI model was built by ligation of left anterior descending coronary artery. The rats of AMI and SHAM groups were sacrificed at 12 h, 1 d, 3 d, 7 d and 14 d post-operation respectively. Gut microbiota was analyzed by 16S rDNA high throughput sequencing. The gut barrier injuries were evaluated through histopathology, transmission electron microscope and immunohistochemical staining. The richness of gut microbiota was significantly higher in AMI group than SHAM group at 7 d after AMI (P<0.05). Principal coordinate analysis with unweighted UniFrac distances revealed microbial differences between AMI and SHAM groups at 7 d. The gut barrier impairment was also the most significant at 7 d post-AMI. We further identified the differences of microorganisms between AMI and SHAM group at 7 d. The abundance of Synergistetes phylum, Spirochaetes phylum, Lachnospiraceae family, Syntrophomonadaceae family and Tissierella Soehngenia genus was higher in AMI group compared with SHAM group at 7 d post-operation (q<0.05). Our study showed the changes of gut microbiota at day 7 post AMI which was paralleled with intestinal barrier impairment. We also identified the microbial organisms that contribute most.

Motor imagery (MI)-based brain–computer interfaces (BCIs) provide an intuitive pathway for neural interaction and rehabilitation, yet their practical deployment remains constrained by long calibration requirements, substantial inter-subject variability, and the non-stationary nature of EEG signals. These challenges are amplified when using dry-electrode EEG, which offers superior convenience for real-world systems but produces noisier and less stable recordings than traditional wet electrodes. As a result, online or real-time four-class MI detection—especially with dry electrodes—has been explored only in a limited number of studies, underscoring an important gap in the field and the need for adaptive, intelligent models capable of coping with continuous signal drift. In this study, we propose a real-time MI-BCI framework that integrates immersive action observation (AO) in virtual reality with a continual learning strategy to manage the evolving nature of dry-EEG features. A CNN–Transformer hybrid model is first initialized through AO-enhanced pre-training and subsequently refined via online continual adaptation during user interaction. This continual learning mechanism enables the classifier to incrementally assimilate new MI patterns while preserving previously acquired knowledge, thereby mitigating the performance degradation that typically arises in extended MI-BCI sessions. Experimental results across four motor classes demonstrate improved decoding accuracy and strengthened sensorimotor activation over time, confirming the system’s capacity for user-specific and session-to-session adaptation. By addressing the rarely studied combination of dry electrodes, online four-class MI decoding, and continual learning, the proposed approach enhances MI-BCI robustness, reduces calibration burden, and supports sustainable long-term deployment in intelligent neurotechnology applications.

Background Kounis syndrome is an acute coronary syndrome that appears in the setting of anaphylactic reaction or hypersensitivity. Many drugs and environmental exposures have been identified as potential offenders, and diagnosis and treatment can be challenging. Case presentation A 62-year-old man with recurrent bladder cancer underwent an intra-iliac artery epirubicin injection. After the injection, he developed chest pain and a systemic allergic reaction, with electrocardiographic alterations and elevated troponin-I levels. Emergent coronary angiography showed right coronary artery spasm and no stenosis of the other coronary arteries. This reaction was considered compatible with an allergic coronary vasospasm. A diagnosis of Kounis syndrome was made. Conclusions Kounis syndrome is common, but a prompt diagnosis is often not possible. This case is the first to suggest that an intraarterial epirubicin injection could potentially be one of its triggers. All physicians should be aware of the pathophysiology of this condition to better recognize it and start appropriate treatment; this will prevent aggravation of the vasospastic cardiac attacks and yield a better outcome.

Background To compare outcomes of bailout and planned rotational atherectomy (RA) in the treatment of severe calcified coronary lesions. Methods Data of patients treated with RA from 2017 to 2018 at a single-center registry were retrospectively analyzed. All patients were divided into planned RA and bailout RA groups, data between two groups were compared. Results A total of 190 patients were included in this study, 138 patients received planned RA and 52 patients received bailout RA. Baseline clinical characteristics had no significant differences between groups. The number of implanted stents and total stents length were similar. But the number of balloon (1.6 ± 0.8 vs. 2.7 ± 1.3, P  < 0.001), procedure time (83.5 ± 26.2 vs. 100.8 ± 36.4 min, P  = 0.007), fluoroscopy volume (941 ± 482 vs. 1227 ± 872 mGy, P  = 0.012] and contrast amount (237 ± 62 vs. 275 ± 90 ml, P  = 0.003) were all lower in planned RA group. Planned RA had a higher procedural success rate (99.3% vs. 92.3%, P  = 0.007) and a lower complication incidence (4.3% vs. 17.3%, P  = 0.009). But the primary outcomes at 3 years (9.2 and 16.6%, log rank p  = 0.24) had no difference between groups. Conclusions For severe coronary artery calcification, although planned RA did not improved the long term prognosis compared with bailout RA, but it can improve the immediate procedural success rate, reduce the incidence of complications, the procedure time and the volume of contrast.

PurposeRotational atherectomy (RA) has improved percutaneous treatment of severely calcified coronary lesions, but the “no-reflow” phenomenon remains a serious complication. Platelet activation by RA may contribute to no-reflow, and the use of optical coherence tomography (OCT) to test the effect of RA on white thrombus could confirm platelet activation indirectly.MethodsWe analyzed 53 consecutive patients with severely calcified lesions on coronary angiography. All patients were examined with OCT. In total, 20 patients who received RA and for whom OCT imaging was performed before and after RA and stent implantation comprised the RA group. The remaining 33 patients formed the control group, for whom OCT imaging was performed before balloon dilatation and after stent implantation.ResultsThe patients in the RA group were older and had a higher incidence of diabetes mellitus. In the control group, there was no thrombogenesis during the procedure, whereas in the RA group, all the target vessels had white thrombi on OCT after RA. The average number of white thrombi per lesion after RA was 7.23 ± 4.4, and the average length of white thrombus was 0.51 ± 0.33 mm. Statistical analysis with Pearson’s correlation coefficient showed that thrombus load was related to burr size (r = 0.575, p = 0.040) and number of rotations (r = 0.599, p = 0.031).ConclusionWhite thrombi during RA can be verified by performing OCT. Treating calcified lesions with RA may enhance thrombogenesis. These data suggest using appropriate therapy to avoid no-reflow during RA.

This paper presents an algorithm for blind and visually impaired people to track their location. A precise positioning system utilizes UWB RFID tags for localization to mark points of interest. Given the joint estimation of TOA and DOA from blind person to station, a robust algorithm based on the extended filter is presented to accurately estimate their current location and moving velocity. This method is effective to the no-Gaussian or biased system model with unknown or not fully known observation error statistics.

As a novel MGA (Multiscale Geometric Analysis) tool, shearlet is equipped with a rich mathematical structure similar to wavelet. In this paper, a novel image fusion method using Non-subsampled Shearlet Transform is proposed. First, the source images are decomposed into low-pass and high-pass subbands using NSST. Second, the high-pass subbands coefficients of the images are fused according to the average gradient. Third, the low-pass subbands coefficients of the images are fused by the weighted regional entropy. Finally, the image is reconstructed by the inverse non-subsampled shearlet transform. In the method, two sets of source images and five objective parameters are used to test the algorithm. The experimental results show that the proposed method is better than the conventional DWT-based and NSCT-based methods.

According to the current application of human-computer interaction interface is more and more complex requirements, implementation method of μC/GUI Chinese font based on the ARM embedded operating system with CortexTM-M4F kernel is designed, to download the font by PC and embedded system USB to expand FLASH memory, the μC/GUI kernel code is modified and the GB2312 Chinese characters codec driver is added, this makes up for technical blank of Chinese display in embedded system with μC/GUI library, to provide an efficient and flexible solution for no character of LCD in embedded system. The method provides a reference implementation for other LCD controllers driver and font library transplantation in μC/GUI. Experiments show that, the design method of extended Chinese font provides reference for interactive LCD driver transplantation and font realization; it has better practicability and universality in environment of μC/GUI system.

In order to achieve lower limb gait rehabilitation of patients, the normal walking gait trajectory was analyzed fully. According to the analysis results, a health hip and knee gait trajectory planning method was presented. The computer data analysis results show that the gait trajectory analytical expressions proposed can represent a normal gait accurately.

Aimed at improving the dynamic response of the lower limb for patients, an impedance control method based on sliding mode was presented to implement an active rehabilitation. Impedance control can achieve a target-reaching training without the help of a therapist and sliding mode control has a robustness to system uncertainty and vary limb strength. Simulations demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed method for lower limb rehabilitation.