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China’s green growth has shown a trend of fluctuation year by year. Simultaneously, Chinese local governments have pursued simple economic growth driven by the interests of “political competition” for a long time, while the supervision of the ecological environment has been loosened and tightened. In this environment, financial development and technological innovation may easily become the accelerator of this phenomenon, thus exacerbating the fluctuation of green growth. To deeply excavate the key factors to achieve stable and sustained growth of green economy, based on the annual panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2011 to 2018, this paper studies the impact of financial development and technological innovation on the volatility of green growth using dynamic system GMM method. The findings of this paper are shown as follows: First, the expansion of financial institutions’ scale will significantly enhance the volatility of green growth. Second, the increase in the scale of the stock market will also significantly cause green growth fluctuations. Third, the interaction between financial development and technological innovation can significantly weaken the volatility of green growth. Fourth, financial development measured by stock market indicators is more efficient than financial development measured by financial institutions indicators to curb the volatility of green growth. Fifth, the fluctuation of green growth in the previous period will reduce the volatility of green growth in the current period. This study provides new evidence for exploring the power source to promote the stability and sustainable growth of the green economy in the special stage of financial and technological integration. Controlling the development scale of financial institutions and removing their state preferences, expanding the development of capital markets, and deepening the integration of financial development and technological innovation are conducive to achieve stable green growth.

This study utilizes panel data from 30 provinces in mainland China from 2011 to 2020 to investigate the impact of carbon-neutral development on economic high-quality development by constructing an economic high-quality development index and a carbon-neutral development index. Firstly, the study examines the effects of carbon-neutral development on economic high-quality development using baseline regression and spatial Durbin regression. The results indicate that carbon-neutral development has a positive direct effect on economic high-quality growth, but there are negative spatial spillover effects. Secondly, this study employs total factor productivity (TFP) as an intermediate variable in the mediation model regression. The findings demonstrate that carbon-neutral development significantly improves TFP, and the significant improvement in TFP promotes high-quality economic growth. Lastly, the study conducts regional heterogeneity analysis and finds a significant promoting effect of carbon-neutral development on economic high-quality development in the eastern and central regions of China, while it is not significant in the western region. Therefore, it is recommended that China, in the process of achieving carbon-neutral growth, consider the geographical connections between different regions to prevent negative spillover effects. Additionally, regional heterogeneity should be taken into account when formulating relevant policies to promote economic high-quality development.

A patient with refractory metastatic melanoma had a complete remission after an infusion of cells from an in vitro–generated clone of autologous CD4+ T cells with specificity for the melanoma-associated NY-ESO-1 antigen. A patient with refractory metastatic melanoma had a complete remission after an infusion of cells from an in vitro–generated clone of autologous CD4+ T cells with specificity for the melanoma-associated NY-ESO-1 antigen. CD8+ cytotoxic T cells can be harvested from a patient with cancer, expanded in vitro, selected for specificity against a tumor-associated antigen, and infused back into the patient. Such autologous T cells have been shown in clinical trials to have a beneficial effect in some patients with cancer. 1 – 5 The cytotoxic antitumor effect of CD8+ T cells depends on CD4+ T cells, which provide CD8+ T cells with growth factors such as interleukin-2 and can mediate the destruction of tumor cells either directly or indirectly. 5 – 8 Growth factors such as interleukin-2 can act in an autocrine manner, which in principle . . .

China’s economy has developed rapidly since the reform and opening up, but under the long-term traditional extensive development model, energy consumption is excessive and carbon emissions rank first in the world. Therefore, how to reduce carbon emissions is a current hot issue in China. Although many scholars have found that green finance is the basic driving force to promote carbon emission reduction, its role path is diverse, and it still needs to be explored in width and depth. Especially in the green transformation stage of the economy, the potential unemployment risk is also a matter of concern. This study selects 30 provincial panel data from the Chinese mainland for the 2004–2019 years to investigate the impact of green finance on carbon emissions from the perspective of unemployment using ordinary least square (OLS), generalized method of moments (GMM), and mediating effect models. In addition, in order to avoid the bias of regression results caused by the cross-section dependence of the data, the feasible generalized least squares (FGLS) and the panel-corrected standard errors (PCSE) models are used for the robust test after correction. The findings show that 1) green finance has a significant inhibitory impact on carbon emissions; 2) green finance has significantly reduced the unemployment rate; 3) carbon emissions increase significantly with increasing the unemployment rate; and 4) there is regional heterogeneity in the effect of green finance on carbon emissions in eastern, central, and western China. Green finance in the eastern and central regions significantly inhibits carbon emissions, especially in the central region, while insignificantly in the western region. 5) According to the OLS and mediating effect regression results, economic growth and environmental regulation play a significant positive role in promoting carbon emissions. This study has theoretical reference significance for accelerating the realization of the dual carbon goal and alleviating phased unemployment.

Vineyard row orientation is a major factor that determines the canopy microclimate. Different vineyard row orientations have been adopted to maximize terroir potential. Little is known about the impact of row orientation on the microclimatic, physicochemical, and aroma attributes of grapes in high-altitude arid valleys. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of vineyard row orientation (north–south and east–west) in the high-altitude arid valley regions on microclimate and grape chemical components in high-altitude arid valley regions. To this end, two vineyards were selected, and both vineyards adopted a north–south and east–west row orientation. The results showed that in the two vineyards, the row orientation changed the canopy microclimate, including soil temperature, canopy temperature, and photosynthetically active radiation, as well as the phenolic compounds, individual anthocyanins, and volatile compounds of grapes. In terms of the microclimate, the north–south row orientation promoted balanced photosynthetic performance and temperature between the two sides. Grapes from the north–south oriented rows presented higher reducing sugar and lower titratable acidity during berry ripening. Grapes from east–west oriented rows demonstrated a better association with volatile variables. The north–south orientation was proven to be favorable for balancing the gap between technological, phenolic, and aromatic maturity. This information will be useful for vineyard establishment and integrated management, and it will provide more strategies for exploring distinctive tastes and structures in wines from arid valley regions.

Background Heart failure (HF) is a major public health concern in China, but there is a lack of epidemiological data on the prevalence of early-stage HF in the elderly. Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of different stages of HF in individuals aged ≥ 60 years in a community-based survey. Methods This cross-sectional study enrolled 7,640 participants from a community. Basic demographic information, NT-proBNP, troponin T (TnT) levels, and echocardiographic data were collected. Participants were classified into four stages: Healthy, Stage A, Stage B, and Stage C. Prevalence and associated risk factors were analyzed. Results The mean age was 70.2 years, with 54.5% being female. The prevalence of Stage A and B was 44.0% and 27.8%, respectively. In Stage A, hypertension was the most common risk factor (80.89%), followed by diabetes (29.75%) and obesity (18.08%). In Stage B and C, 97.2% and 88.2% had an ejection fraction ≥ 50%. The prevalence of Stage B increased with age ( P  < 0.001), and women had higher prevalence of Stage B compared to men (29.69% vs. 25.65%, P  < 0.001). Female gender (OR 1.352, P  < 0.001), older age (OR 1.096, P  < 0.001), atrial fibrillation/flutter (OR 2.853, P  < 0.001), and coronary artery disease (OR 1.473, P  < 0.001) were identified as significant risk factors for Stage B. Conclusions This survey revealed a high prevalence of Stage A and B HF in the elderly, with most Stage B individuals having an ejection fraction ≥ 50%, emphasizing the need for targeted prevention and management strategies for at-risk groups.

In order to clarify the coordinated development status between the digital economy and the ecological environment in the context of rapid development of the digital economy and frequent ecological environment problems, we constructed an evaluation system using data related to the digital economy and the ecological environment in China from 2011 to 2019. And the level of coordinated development is calculated with the help of entropy method and the Coupling Coordinated Development (CCD) model. Further, we analyzed the spatial and temporal evolutionary trends of their coordinated development levels with the kernel density analysis and the Dagum Gini coefficient decomposition. The results of the entropy method and CCD show that both the level of digital economy, the level of ecological environment and the level of coupling coordination between the two have increased. And the level of coordinated development shows regional heterogeneity, with the highest in the eastern region, followed by the central region, and the lowest in the western region. The results of the kernel density analysis show that there is heterogeneity in the development process of CCD scores over time across regions. The results of the Dagum Gini coefficient decomposition show that the overall inter-regional differences, as well as intra-regional differences, are fluctuating and decreasing. And the overall imbalance mainly comes from the differences in development levels between regions. The analysis of the above methods provides a basis for understanding the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of the coordinated development of China’s digital economy and ecological environment. And it also provides relevant policy recommendations for promoting coordinated and sustainable development among regions.

Climate change and extreme weather pose significant challenges to the traditional viticulture regions. Emerging high-altitude grape-producing regions with diverse orientations have shown great potential in coping with this challenge. Stable, high-quality wine grape production may be achieved by synchronizing the meso- and microclimate. To clarify the role of high altitude and row orientation in meso- and microclimate and the response of berries to it, we evaluated seven years (2012–2018) of climate data, two years of basic grape (Cabernet Sauvignon, Vitis vinifera L.) quality, and one-year microclimate from veraison to harvest. By comparing two locations (Sidon 2 047 m, Sinon 2 208 m) in Yunnan Province, China, we found that the average temperature has been stable at approximately 15 °C for seven years, with no extreme weather or, noticeable global warming. The light intensity (LI) in the north-south (NS) was more balanced than the east-west (EW) direction, and the east-west to the south (EW-S) canopy side was almost higher than the other sides. High LI was associated with high photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), ultraviolet (UV), and infrared (IR) light and vice versa. The north-south to the east (NS-E) and east-west to the north (EW-N) sides were characterized by lower LI and higher UV and IR light, and higher total anthocyanin content. Most anthocyanin synthesis-related genes, for example, VvF3′H and VvF3′5′H, were highly expressed in NS-E from veraison to maturity. Perhaps UV and IR light induced their expression. This study provides new insights on the role of differently orientated rows in controlling grape quality due to varied light quality. The findings are globally significant, particularly in the context of climate change, and offer fresh insights into berry physiological responses and decision-making for the management of existing vineyards.

Adoptively transferred tumor-specific T cells offer the potential for non–cross-resistant therapy and long-term immunoprotection. Strategies to enhance in vivo persistence of transferred T cells can lead to improved antitumor efficacy. However, the extrinsic (patient conditioning) and intrinsic (effector cell) factors contributing to long-term in vivo persistence are not well-defined. As a means to enhance persistence of infused T cells in vivo and limit toxicity, 11 patients with refractory, progressive metastatic melanoma received cyclophosphamide alone as conditioning before the infusion of peripheral blood mononuclear cell-derived, antigen-specific, CD8+ cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) clones followed by low-dose or high-dose IL-2. No life-threatening toxicities occurred with low-dose IL-2. Five of 10 evaluable patients had stable disease at 8 wk, and 1 of 11 had a complete remission that continued for longer than 3 y. On-target autoimmune events with the early appearance of skin rashes were observed in patients with stable disease or complete remission at 4 wk or longer. In vivo tracking revealed that the conditioning regimen provided a favorable milieu that enabled CTL proliferation early after transfer and localization to nonvascular compartments, such as skin and lymph nodes. CTL clones, on infusion, were characterized by an effector memory phenotype, and CTL that persisted long term acquired phenotypic and/or functional qualities of central memory type CTLs in vivo. The use of a T-cell product composed of a clonal population of antigen-specific CTLs afforded the opportunity to demonstrate phenotypic and/or functional conversion to a central memory type with the potential for sustained clinical benefit.

Mutant epitopes encoded by cancer genes are virtually always located in the interior of cells, making them invisible to conventional antibodies. We here describe an approach to identify single-chain variable fragments (scFvs) specific for mutant peptides presented on the cell surface by HLA molecules. We demonstrate that these scFvs can be successfully converted to full-length antibodies, termed MANAbodies, targeting “Mutation-Associated Neo-Antigens” bound to HLA. A phage display library representing a highly diverse array of single-chain variable fragment sequences was first designed and constructed. A competitive selection protocol was then used to identify clones specific for mutant peptides bound to predefined HLA types. In this way, we obtained two scFvs, one specific for a peptide encoded by a common KRAS mutant and the other by a common epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutant. The scFvs bound to these peptides only when the peptides were complexed with HLA-A2 (KRAS peptide) or HLA-A3 (EGFR peptide). We converted one scFv to a full-length antibody (MANAbody) and demonstrate that the MANAbody specifically reacts with mutant peptide–HLA complex even when the peptide differs by only one amino acid from the normal, WT form.