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"Carbone, Elisa"
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Poison in the colony : James Town 1622
After the colony of James Town is founded in 1607. After Captain John Smith establishes trade with the Native Americans. After Pocahontas befriends the colonists. After early settlers both thrive and die in this new world . . . a girl is born. Virginia.
Book
Teaching large classes
In this useful and practical book, Elisa Carbone offers a wealth of sound advice on how to deal with a large class, from the first day to end of term evaluations. Full of examples taken from many different disciplines, Teaching Large Classes will be an ideal companion for any teacher facing the challenge of the large introductory class.
eBook
Effect of prenatal antibiotics on breast milk and neonatal IgA and microbiome: a case-control translational study protocol
Background
Up to 25–35% of women receive antibiotics (ABX) during pregnancy, but little is known about the consequences on a key mucosal interface such as the mammary gland, and on the development of the neonatal gut’s microbiota and IgA. We hypothesize that prenatal ABX negatively affect the immune functionality of mammary gland, the composition of breast milk microbiota, the development of neonatal fecal microbiota and the abundance of neonatal fecal IgA.
Methods
Case-control translational cohort study on women and neonates in the presence or absence (
N
= 41 + 41 pairs) of exposure to prenatal ABX for at least 7 consecutive days after 32 weeks of gestation.
Results
We will evaluate IgA concentration in breast milk and in neonatal feces up to one year after delivery. We will also evaluate clinical parameters, neurodevelopment and the composition of the IgA-coated and uncoated fractions of breast milk and fecal microbiota by means of magnetic-activated cell sorting (MACS) coupled with shotgun metagenomics. Finally, we will measure the concentration of the chemokine CCL28 on maternal serum and breast milk, as a marker of activity of the entero-mammary pathway.
Conclusions
Our results might support a data-driven evaluation of breast milk immune function in women exposed to prenatal ABX.
Impact
Breast milk IgA and microbiota are critical to determine the positive effects of breastfeeding in infants.
This research protocol will investigate breast milk IgA, microbiota, and the IgA
+
/ IgA
−
fractions of neonatal fecal microbiota upon exposure to prenatal antibiotics.
Fecal IgA and microbiota in infants exposed or not exposed to prenatal antibiotics will be analyzed up to 1 year after birth.
This research will clarify the impact of prenatal antibiotics on the immune function of breast milk.
This, in turn, might support the selective evaluation of breast milk IgA/microbiota in mothers exposed to prenatal antibiotics, or in donor human milk.
Journal Article
Improvement of Endothelial Cell-Polycaprolactone Interaction through Surface Modification via Aminolysis, Hydrolysis, and a Combined Approach
Polycaprolactone (PCL) is a promising material for the fabrication of alternatives to autologous grafts used in coronary bypass surgery. PCL biodegrades over time, allowing cells to infiltrate the polymeric matrix, replacing the biodegrading graft, and creating a fully functional vessel constituted of autologous tissue. However, the high hydrophobicity of PCL is associated with poor cell affinity. Surface modification of PCL can increase this cell affinity, making PCL an improved scaffold material for acellular vascular grafts. In this study, the surface of PCL films was modified by hydrolysis, aminolysis, and the combination thereof to introduce carboxyl, hydroxyl, and amino groups on the surface. Only the hydrolyzed films exhibited a significant increase in their hydrophilicity, although further testing showed that all aminolysis conditions had amino groups on the surface. Furthermore, in vitro experiments with human umbilical endothelial cells (HUVECs) were performed to assess changes in cell affinity for PCL due to the surface treatments. PCL treated with sodium hydroxide (NaOH), a hydrolysis reaction, showed a significant increase in endothelial cell adhesion after 24 hours with a significant increase in cell survival after 72 hours. Thus, NaOH treatment improves the biocompatibility and endothelialization of PCL, creating a competent candidate for artificial, acellular, biodegradable vascular grafts.
Journal Article
Teaching large classes: tools and strategies
In this useful and practical book, Elisa Carbone offers a wealth of sound advice on how to deal with a large class, from the first day to end of term evaluations. Full of examples taken from many different disciplines, Teaching Large Classes will be an ideal companion for any teacher facing the challenge of the large introductory class.
eBook
Teaching Large Classes: Tools and Strategies. Survival Skills for Scholars, Volume 19
This book deals with the challenges of teaching large classes at institutions of higher learning, and addresses such issues as how instruction can be personalized and made more interactive with large numbers of students. The material for the book arose out of a \"large classes project\" at the University of Maryland, where the subject was identified as a priority issue by campus administrators. Organized in four parts Starting Out Right, Presenting the Material, Getting Your Students Involved, and Managing Your Large Class the ten chapters cover the following: (1) \"Starting the Semester: The First Class\"; (2) \"Personalizing the Large Class\"; (3) \"Lecturing 101: Getting Your Students to Listen\"; (4) \"Lecturing l02: Using Stories and Example\"; (5) \"Using Demonstrations, Visual Aids, and Technology\"; (6) \"Active Learning in a Large Class\"; (7) \"Are There Any Questions?\"; (8) \"Assessment and Feedback in Large Classes\"; (9) \"Managing Student Behavior\"; and (10) \"Working Effectively with Teaching Assistants (TAs).\" (Individual chapters contain references.) (CH)
Book
Evolving pandemic science has outpaced need for vaccine mandates
A slate of five bills in the California Legislature requiring vaccination for COVID is discriminatory and unnecessary as the pandemic wanes.
Newspaper Article