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"Carden, Susan"
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Prevalence and pattern of retinopathy of prematurity at two national referral hospitals in Uganda: a cross-sectional study
Background
Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a leading cause of blindness in children and an ROP epidemic is predicted this decade in sub-Saharan Africa. With the increasing survival rate of preterm babies in Uganda, and no data on ROP prevalence, there is a need to assess the burden of ROP to inform preventive strategies and targeted screening.
Methods
We conducted a two-center cross-sectional study of preterm (< 37 weeks gestational age) infants from the neonatal units of Kawempe National Referral Hospital (KNRH) and Mulago Specialised Women and Neonatal Hospital (MSWNH) from August 2022 to October 2022. An ophthalmologist examined all participants using an indirect ophthalmoscope with a + 20D convex lens and captured digital images using a Volk iNview™ Fundus Camera. The collected data were entered into Epidata 4.2 and exported to Stata 14.0 for analysis.
Results
331 preterm infants enrolled in this study. The oxygen received was unblended. The mean gestational age was 30.4 ± 2.7 weeks, and the mean birth weight was 1597 ± 509 g. 18/101 (17.8%) were found to have any ROP amongst the preterm infants recruited from MSWNH, 1/230 (0.4%) from KNRH [95% CI] had any stage of ROP (i.e. stage 5). Of these, 8 (42.1%) had stage 2 ROP. Infants with a birth weight below 1500 g were 10 times more likely to have ROP than those among infants with a birth weight more than 1500 g [AOR: 10.07 (2.71–37.44)]. Infants who were not fed exclusively on breast milk had higher odds of having ROP than those exclusively fed on breast milk [AOR: 7.82(1.92–31.82)].
Conclusion
6% of preterm infants born in two tertiary hospitals in Uganda were found to have ROP. Lack of exclusive feeding on breast milk and birth weight of less than 1500 g were strong predictors of ROP. The higher prevalence of ROP in MSWNH calls for cautious use of oxygen among preterms. We recommend targeted ROP screening for those at risk.
Journal Article
Transient, idiopathic nystagmus in infants
The aim of this study was to characterize children with transient nystagmus. Eleven children(six males, five females) developed nystagmus in infancy and then experienced regression of the problem, usually within a few months. Mean age at onset was 2.7 months, and mean age at regression was 8.5 months. No etiology could be ascertained in any of the patients, although four children had other eye or vision abnormalities (regressed retinopathy of prematurity, n=1; asymmetric fundus colobomata, n=1; delayed visual maturation, n=2). Results of this study suggest that mechanisms which allow ocular motor stability undergo a period of postnatal maturation, during which nystagmus can occur, but also during which nystagmus may disappear. Not every case of transient nystagmus should be categorized as spasmus nutans. There is a subset of infants and young children who develop transient nystagmus with no other findings and in whom the nystagmus disappears.
Journal Article
Transient, idiopathic nystagmus in infants
The aim of this study was to characterize children with transient nystagmus. Eleven children(six males, five females) developed nystagmus in infancy and then experienced regression of the problem, usually within a few months. Mean age at onset was 2.7 months, and mean age at regression was 8.5 months. No etiology could be ascertained in any of the patients, although four children had other eye or vision abnormalities (regressed retinopathy of prematurity, n=1; asymmetric fundus colobomata, n=1; delayed visual maturation, n=2). Results of this study suggest that mechanisms which allow ocular motor stability undergo a period of postnatal maturation, during which nystagmus can occur, but also during which nystagmus may disappear. Not every case of transient nystagmus should be categorized as spasmus nutans. There is a subset of infants and young children who develop transient nystagmus with no other findings and in whom the nystagmus disappears.
Journal Article
Swans & ducks in fire attack
The cruel youngsters poured petrol on Delph Pond in Tullibody, near Alloa, then set it alight. He said: \"Witnesses told me they saw some children pour petrol on to the pond and then encouraged the swans and ducks towards the petrol and then lit it.
Newspaper Article
20-PINT RUGGER BRUTE IS CAGED FOR ATTACK 'ERROR' ; Victim thrown over15ft drop
Warner Easton, 26, had been on a 20-pint all-day bender when he saw Mark Richardson, 19, consoling his tearful cousin outside a pub. Jailing Easton, Sheriff Andrew Bell told him: \"You filled yourself so full of alcohol you were incapable of exercising any judgement.\"
Newspaper Article
PC 'going too far' with lawsuit threat
A POLICE officer who is threatening to sue his own force for the second time has been criticised for draining scarce police resources. PC Matt Rooney, 43, won about GBP 200,000 covering his salary for the last six years, and reinstatement in his GBP 25,000 job, following a Court of Session decision last July. He had resigned from Strathclyde Police citing stress but when he changed his mind a few days afterwards the force refused to re-employ him. However the Scottish National Party's shadow justice minister, Roseanna Cunningham, said: \"This individual is really stretching it a bit. Clearly this case was not particularly well handled and he has obviously been in receipt of compensation.
Newspaper Article
Hunt for brutal killer as woman's last steps traced
The body of Laura Anne Donnelly, 22, of Thistle Street, Paisley, was found on Saturday night on open ground at the town's Ferguslie cricket club. Detectives said she had been on a night out with friends and was last seen in the town's Fury Murry's nightclub at about 1:15am on Saturday. \"Laura was very distinctive as she had long auburn curly hair and was petite. We know she was in Fury Murry's nightclub and this was the last confirmed sighting of her alive.\" At the time she was wearing a black dress and a cream-coloured lightweight jacket, with black shoes and carrying a black shoulder bag. Her body was found yards from the family home in Thistle Street. The cricket club ground was cordoned off yesterday as officers carried out a search.
Newspaper Article