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The paper presents a map of sediment surface distribution and bedforms in the Harle tidal inlet, German Wadden Sea. Data collection, processing, and map editing were realized within the sublittoral mapping program of Lower Saxony national waters carried out by the NLWKN - Coastal Research Station. The map is the result of the combined use of multibeam echosounder, sub-bottom profiler, and ground-truth data. The sediment characterization is achieved by an unsupervised approach using an Object-Based Image Analysis (OBIA) on a normalized backscatter mosaic, verified by nineteen sediment samples. Morphometrical parameters and sub-bottom data provided important information to identify hard substrates and bedforms.

This paper presents a morphometric and structural-geomorphological approach to identifying morphotectonic features across an area underlain by lithologies that do not easily record tectonic deformations but are widely affected by seismic activity. The middle Biferno River Valley (Central Italy) was chosen as a study area. It was investigated through analyses performed from the drainage basin scale (Biferno River) to the local scale (Ponte Liscione Dam). This methodological approach was applied to investigate the impact of morphotectonic processes in the study area, providing a geomorphology-based contribution to landscape evolution. The aim of the work was to discriminate the main morphotectonic elements acting in the complex tectonic framework of the study area by means of a combination of morphometric, morphotectonic, and structural-geomorphological analyses. The resulting data allowed us to identify three main systems of tectonic elements (F1, F2, and F3), which are attributable to compressive and extensional kinematics, as already reported in previous thematic studies. The tectonic setting reflects the geodynamic framework of the Periadriatic region, as highlighted by the distribution of seismogenic sources and the historical to recent seismicity. Finally, the present work could act as a valuable scientific tool for any geomorphological studies aimed at better defining the impact of morphotectonic processes in similar tectonically active regions hosting important and strategic artificial dams.

The growing interest in monitoring the marine environment has strongly encouraged governmental agencies and research institutes to undertake seabed mapping programs and stimulated scientific interest in innovative mapping methods and tools. In this study, object-based image analysis was used to map a very shallow tidal inlet, characterized by high sediment variability and intense morphodynamic processes. The aim was to test the feasibility of reproducible mapping approaches within extended mapping programs of complex coastal areas. The study is based on full-coverage, high-resolution bathymetry and reflectivity, calibrated by means of sediment samples. Seafloor segmentation and classification were based on a cluster analysis performed on reflectivity, slope, and ruggedness. Statistics of clusters were extracted and analysed to identify the optimal number of clusters and evaluate the suitability of the clustering process to differentiate different seabed types. Clusters and samples data were joined to create a training and validation dataset for characterizing the seabed and carrying out an accuracy assessment. Misclassifications were explored and referred to three main reasons: (i) The not-perfect correspondence between sediment boundaries of classification systems and boundaries derived from the clustering process; (ii) the geomorphological features of the seabed; and (iii) the position accuracy of samples. The study contributes to testing of the feasibility of objective methods and highlights the importance of joining acoustic, lithological, and geomorphological analysis. It highlights issues and the need to critically analyse the mapping results and improve the accuracy of collected data.

This paper is the outcome of the 1st Summer School on Geomorphology, Ecology, and Marine Biology in insular environments, focused on the advanced and multidisciplinary methods for the scientific investigation of marine coastal areas. It was held at Tremiti Islands, a significant laboratory for geomorphological, biological, and ecological studies because of its dynamic interaction between geodiversity and biodiversity, which makes it an ideal place for scientific research and geotourism. Landscape information was collected during field trips, while practical activities were finalized to sampling sediments and data collection of hard bottom assemblages. The map is the result of a multidisciplinary analysis incorporating geomorphological field observations and advanced methods applicable for ecological and environmental research, supported by scientific diving. This work represents a useful tool for the dissemination of environmental knowledge of the area and for understanding the relationships between landscape and natural heritage through modern and environmentally aware tourism.

I. Premessa (R. Romboli) II. Parti e terzi nel giudizio costituzionale incidentale (M. D'Amico) III. L'intervento del presidente del consiglio dei ministri nel giudizio incidentale (F. Cerrone) IV. Le parti necessarie nel giudizio in via principale (E. Rossi) V. La struttura soggettiva dei conflitti di attribuzione tra i poteri dello Stato e tra lo Stato e le regioni (L. D'Andrea) VI. Il contraddittorio nel giudizio di ammissibilità del referendum (A. Cariola) VII. Il pubblico ministero nel processo costituzionale (N. Zanon) VIII. La rappresentanza processuale delle parti private nei giudizi costituzionali (G. Vaglio) IX. Indice, in ordine cronologico, delle decisioni citate

Background Cardiac mesenchymal stromal cells (C-MSC) were recently shown to differentiate into adipocytes and myofibroblasts to promote the aberrant remodeling of cardiac tissue that characterizes arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM). A calcium (Ca 2+ ) signaling dysfunction, mainly demonstrated in mouse models, is recognized as a mechanism impacting arrhythmic risk in ACM cardiomyocytes. Whether similar mechanisms influence ACM C-MSC fate is still unknown. Thus, we aim to ascertain whether intracellular Ca 2+ oscillations and the Ca 2+ toolkit are altered in human C-MSC obtained from ACM patients, and to assess their link with C-MSC-specific ACM phenotypes. Methods and results ACM C-MSC show enhanced spontaneous Ca 2+ oscillations and concomitant increased Ca 2+ /Calmodulin dependent kinase II (CaMKII) activation compared to control cells. This is manly linked to a constitutive activation of Store-Operated Ca 2+ Entry (SOCE), which leads to enhanced Ca 2+ release from the endoplasmic reticulum through inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors. By targeting the Ca 2+ handling machinery or CaMKII activity, we demonstrated a causative link between Ca 2+ oscillations and fibro-adipogenic differentiation of ACM C-MSC. Genetic silencing of the desmosomal gene PKP2 mimics the remodelling of the Ca 2+ signalling machinery occurring in ACM C-MSC. The anti-arrhythmic drug flecainide inhibits intracellular Ca 2+ oscillations and fibro-adipogenic differentiation by selectively targeting SOCE. Conclusions Altogether, our results extend the knowledge of Ca 2+ dysregulation in ACM to the stromal compartment, as an etiologic mechanism of C-MSC-related ACM phenotypes. A new mode of action of flecainide on a novel mechanistic target is unveiled against the fibro-adipose accumulation in ACM.

Geomorphological hazards such as landslides, debris flows, coastal erosion, and slope collapses are among the world’s most pervasive natural threats, with worsening impacts on lives, livelihoods, and infrastructures in terms of deaths and economic losses [...]

The integration of digital health technologies, open-access data, and artificial intelligence (AI) is reshaping oncology by enabling more precise and personalized care. This review provides a focused update on AI, radiomics, and data integration in the context of liver oncology, with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) serving as key case models. Through multimodal datasets—including imaging, molecular profiles, and clinical records—AI and machine learning (ML) have demonstrated significant potential in improving early detection, risk stratification, and treatment response prediction in hepatic malignancies. Radiomics-driven tools have enabled non-invasive assessment of tumor biology, microvascular invasion, and therapeutic outcomes, particularly in HCC and CRLM. While applications in breast, lung, and non-metastatic colorectal cancers are briefly referenced for comparison, the central emphasis is on liver tumors as a representative field where AI-enabled precision oncology is rapidly advancing. Practical and ethical challenges surrounding clinical integration are also discussed, positioning liver oncology as a translational model for broader innovation in cancer care.

Estimating the volume of brain structures and white matter lesions has been demonstrated to be crucial as diagnostic markers of dementia. In this context, employing accelerated MR sequences could be particularly suitable for deploying comfortable imaging protocols. The aims of the study are twofold. First, the quality of accelerated structural and FLAIR sequences will be evaluated using conventional sequences as a comparative reference. Second, their concordance in the estimation of diagnostic markers will be assessed. Forty-six dementia patients underwent brain 3T MR protocol, including conventional and accelerated 3D T1w and 3D FLAIR sequences. The image quality was assessed using peak signal-to-noise ratio, structural similarity index measure, and mean squared error. The intraclass correlation and the Dice similarity coefficients were used to compare the markers. The quality assessment showed high agreement between accelerated and conventional sequences. Excellent concordance was demonstrated in the quantification of brain structures and white matter lesions. The results demonstrate the reliability of diagnostic markers of dementia derived from accelerated MR sequences, thereby supporting their use in clinical practice.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has a significant clinical relevance of being associated with a shorter median time to relapse and death and does not respond to endocrine therapy or other available targeted agents. Increased aggressiveness of this tumor, as well as resistance to standard drug therapies, may be associated with the presence of stem cell populations within the tumor. Several stemness markers have been described for the various histological subtypes of breast cancer, such as CD44, CD24, CD133, ALDH1, and ABCG2. The role of these markers in breast cancer is not clear yet and above all there are conflicting opinions about their real prognostic value. To investigate the role of CSCs markers in TNBC cancerogenesis and tumor progression, we selected 160 TNBCs samples on which we detected protein expression of CD44, CD24, CD133, ALDH1, and ABCG2 by immunohistochemistry. Our results highlighted a real prognostic role only for CD44 in TNBCs. All other CSCs markers do not appear to be related to the survival of TNBC patients. In conclusion, despite the fact that the presence of the cancer stem cells in the tumor provides important information on its potential aggressiveness, today their detection by immunohistochemistry is not sufficient to confirm their role in carcinogenesis, because specific markers probably are not yet identified.