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1473 : رواية
بركة الشيطان\" رواية تحكي قصة فلاح شاب فقير، طيب، يتزوج من بيت السيد موريس الميسور، فتموت زوجته بعد أن تلد له ثلاثة أولاد، فيحضه حموه وحماته على الزواج ثانية. ويدلانه على أرملة ، لكنها بعيدة من بلدة \"فورش\"، ويهيئ نفسه للسفر (رغم أن المسافة بين نوهان وفورش قريبة جدا في نظر فلاح لا يبارح أرضه). وتطلب منه السيدة \"غييث\" أن يصطحب ابنتها \"ماري\" معه ويوصلها في طريقة إلى مزارع \"أورمو\"، بالحيلة يفرض ابنه \"بيير\" نفسه ويذهب معهما تحملهم جميعا الفرس الصهباء في ركب حزين مرتبك : فالصبية محزونة على أمها، والفلاح لا يريد هذه الزيجة المجهولة المعالم في ذاته المعودة على علاقات مباشرة صريحة لا تسمح له أعماله في حراثة الأرض وزراعتها بأن يتجاوزها. ونتيجة ضياعهم في الغابة، معتقدين أن \"بركة الشيطان\" هي السبب، يضطرون لقضايا الليل تحت الأشجار. وخلال السهرة بدأ \"جرمان\" يشعر بـ\"ماري\" ويترك نفسه على سجيتها طالبا منها الزواج، فتعرض عن ذلك بحجة أنها فقيرة، وفي اليوم التالي يتابعون طريقهم، فيذهب جرمان إلى الفورش، وتذهب ماري وبيير إلى مزارع (أورمو)، وهنا يجد كل من جرمان وماري عكس ما يطلبان : فالأرملة لم تكن سوى متبرجة تتلذذ بتجميع المعجبين حولها، وصاحب المزارع الذي استأجر ماري لتعمل راعية عنده لم يكن أكثر من زير نساء حاول الاعتداء عليها.
Book
Molecular epidemiology and population genetic diversity of caprine hemoplasmas in Southeastern Türkiye: First detection of Candidatus Mycoplasma haemovis
Background
Hemotropic
Mycoplasma
species are significant yet insufficiently investigated pathogens of small ruminants, and their molecular diversity and population structure remain poorly characterized in many endemic regions, including Türkiye. This study primarily aimed to determine the molecular prevalence of caprine hemotropic
Mycoplasma
species in Southeastern Türkiye and to characterize the detected isolates using phylogenetic, haplotype, and population genetic approaches.
Results
A total of 448 goat blood samples were screened by nested PCR targeting the
16S rRNA
gene, and hemotropic
Myco
pla
sma
DNA was detected in 12.5% (56/448) of the samples. Although no significant differences were observed among provinces, breed and age were identified as significant risk factors, with higher infection rates in Hair goats and animals older than one year. Sequencing of 26 PCR-positive samples identified
Mycoplasma
(
M
.)
ovis
(21/26, 80.8%) as the predominant species and
C
andidatus
(
Ca
.) M. haemovis (5/26, 19.2%). Phylogenetic analyses showed that the Turkish isolates clustered closely with previously submitted GenBank sequences from Asia, Europe, Africa, and North America, reflecting the highly conserved nature of the
1
6S rRN
A
gene. In contrast, haplotype and population genetic analyses revealed substantial intraspecific diversity. Analysis of an expanded global dataset, combining Turkish sequences with GenBank reference isolates, identified 27 haplotypes for
M. ovis
(
n
= 97) and 7 haplotypes for
Ca.
M. haemovis (
n
= 29). Minimum-spanning networks demonstrated widely distributed ancestral haplotypes shared across continents, together with multiple singleton haplotypes likely representing locally maintained variants. Neutrality and Fixation Index analyses further indicated microevolutionary diversification and geographically influenced population structuring.
Conclusion
The detection of both species in clinically healthy goats suggests subclinical circulation and a potential reservoir role in sustaining transmission. Overall, this study expands the global genetic framework of caprine hemoplasmas and provides the first molecular evidence of
Ca
. M. haemovis in Türkiye, as well as the first report of hemotropic
Mycoplasma
infection in goats from Southeastern Türkiye.
Journal Article
صاحب المقتنيات الثمينة
أصدقاء الكلب الجميل بوبي يقومون جميعهم يجمع المقتنيات ويحبون أن يتحدثوا عنها، إلا أن بوبي لا يشاركهم الحديث ويبقى صامتا. يبدأ بوبي الذي لطالما أراد جمع أشياء مميزة العمل في متجر جامع الأشياء الثمينة، ماذا سيحصل مع الكلب بوبي في هذا المتجر يا ترى ؟ قصص جميلة ذات قيم هادفة تضفي المتعة على القراءة والتعلم من خلال الأنشطة الترفيهية.
Book
Effects of composts obtained from hazelnut wastes on the cultivation of pepper (Capsicum annuum) seedlings
Mixing animal waste and agricultural waste in certain proportions forms agricultural compost through appropriate air, time, and water supply. One of their use areas is directly used as fertilizer, and the other one is used as a material that can partially or completely replace P (peat) in the PGM (plant growth media). In this study, the initial mixtures with an appropriate C/N ratio and moisture content, which were created by mixing cow manure, chicken manure, hazelnut husk, hazelnut pruning wastes, vegetable and fruit wastes, and dry leaves, were composted for 180 days. The physicochemical properties of the mature composts were determined. Their effects on the fruit yield (weight of fruits) and plant height of pepper seedlings were evaluated in pot and field experiments. N (nitrogen), P (phosphorus), Cu (copper), and Zn (zinc) content were the highest in C4 (2.59%, 1.12%, 83.11 mg/kg, and 605.3 mg/kg). K (potassium) and Mn (manganese) content in C3 (1.79% and 750.5 mg/kg) and Fe (iron) content in C1 (4025 mg/kg) were determined to be the highest. There was no phytotoxic effect of all composts on
Lepidium sativum
seeds. Except for pH and organic matter, C1 45%, C1 20%, C4 45%, C4 20%, and P 90% met the requirements for ideal media. The mean height of eight-week seedlings increased in media of C1 20%, C1 45%, C2 20%, C2 45%, and C4 20%, but decreased in media of C3 90%. In field studies, while the highest yield was determined in C3 as 1530 g/plant, the lowest yield was 765.5 g/plant in control. The highest mean height was observed in C3 at 76.33 cm; the lowest was 63.03 cm in control.
Journal Article
Integrated Bioinformatics Analysis to Identify Alternative Therapeutic Targets for Alzheimer’s Disease: Insights from a Synaptic Machinery Perspective
Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common type of dementia, is a serious neurodegenerative disease that has no cure yet, but whose symptoms can be alleviated with available medications. Therefore, early and accurate diagnosis of the disease and elucidation of the molecular mechanisms involved in the progression of pathogenesis are critically important. This study aimed to identify dysregulated miRNAs and their target mRNAs through the integrated analysis of miRNA and mRNA expression profiling in AD patients versus unaffected controls. Expression profiles in postmortem brain samples from AD patients and healthy individuals were extracted from the Gene Expression Omnibus database and were analyzed using bioinformatics approaches to identify gene ontologies, pathways, and networks. Finally, the module analysis of the PPI network and hub gene selection was carried out. A total of five differentially expressed miRNAs were extracted from the miRNA dataset, and 4312 differentially expressed mRNAs were obtained from the mRNA dataset. By comparing the DEGs and the putative targets of the altered miRNAs, 116 (3 upregulated and 113 downregulated) coordinated genes were determined. Also, six hub genes (SNAP25, GRIN2A, GRIN2B, DLG2, ATP2B2, and SCN2A) were identified by constructing a PPI network. The results of the present study provide insight into mechanisms such as synaptic machinery and neuronal communication underlying AD pathogenesis, specifically concerning miRNAs.
Journal Article
Sequence-based analysis of Theileria annulata reveals high Tams1 gene diversity and conservation of 18 S rRNA in Türkiye
Background
Theileria annulata
, a tick-borne apicomplexan parasite, causes tropical theileriosis in cattle, leading to significant economic losses in endemic regions. In our previous study,
T. annulata
was detected in various bovine blood samples via sequencing, despite negative results from conventional species-specific PCR assays, suggesting potential sequence variation in diagnostic target regions. Building upon this observation, the present study aimed to investigate the genetic diversity and population structure of
T. annulata
isolates from Türkiye by analyzing two molecular markers with differing levels of variability: the conserved
1
8
S rRNA
gene and the polymorphic
Tams1
gene.
Results
A total of 36 bovine blood DNA samples previously confirmed as
T. annulata
-positive were analyzed using PCR and Sanger sequencing. All 36 sequences from the
18 S rRNA
gene (717 bp) were identical, forming a single haplotype, and indicating strong conservation of this locus. In contrast, the
Tams1
gene (584 bp) yielded 27 distinct haplotypes among 34 sequences, demonstrating high haplotype diversity (Hd = 0.988) and moderate nucleotide diversity (π = 0.0307). Neutrality tests revealed a significantly positive Tajima’s D (2.04089;
P
< 0.05) and a strongly negative Fu’s Fs (–5.685;
P
= 0.002) for the
Tams1
region, indicating the presence of balancing selection and potential population expansion. Phylogenetic and haplotype network analyses further demonstrated significant genetic divergence within the
Tams1
gene region, suggesting the presence of multiple divergent lineages and localized genetic structuring among isolates.
Conclusion
This study represents one of the few sequence-based efforts to characterize the genetic structure of
T. annulata
in Türkiye using both conserved and polymorphic molecular markers. The findings reveal substantial genetic diversity within the
Tams1
gene and underscore the limitations of relying solely on conserved targets for molecular diagnostics. These results suggest that regional variation in genetic diversity may influence diagnostic sensitivity, thereby supporting the potential value of incorporating polymorphic markers into surveillance strategies to improve epidemiological monitoring and control efforts.
Journal Article
Nationwide enzooticity of ovine toxoplasmosis and neosporosis in Türkiye
Background
Toxoplasmosis and neosporosis are important protozoan infections affecting sheep production in Türkiye, with implications for both animal health and zoonotic risk. In light of their epidemiological relevance, the present study aimed to investigate the seroprevalence and endemic status of
Toxoplasma gondii
and
Neospora caninum
infections in the sheep population across Türkiye.
Methods
A total of 2,688 sheep serum samples randomly collected from the seven geographical regions of the country were analyzed using an indirect ELISA based on recombinant
Tg
SAG2 and
Nc
SAG1 proteins.
Results
According to the results, the overall seroprevalence was 30.51% for
T. gondii
and 5.21% for
N. caninum
. The highest
T. gondii
seropositivity was in the Black Sea Region (38.54%), and the lowest in Central Anatolia (19.27%) and the Mediterranean Region (21.35%). For
N. caninum
, the highest seroprevalence was also in the Black Sea Region (11.46%), and the lowest in the Aegean Region (2.60%). Mono-infections with
T. gondii
and
N. caninum
were 27.01% and 1.71%, respectively, while 3.50% of the animals were co-infected.
T. gondii
seropositivity was significantly higher in sheep over 12 months of age (33.92%) than in younger animals (18.41%) (
P
< 0.001), whereas no age-related association was found for
N. caninum
(
P
= 0.485). Regional differences were significant for both pathogens (
P
< 0.001). Although higher seropositivity rates were observed in rural areas for both infections, the differences were not statistically significant (
T. gondii
:
P
= 0.318;
N. caninum
:
P
= 0.0777). Inoculation rates revealed endemic instability for both toxoplasmosis and neosporosis across all age groups, indicating a risk of uncontrolled spread and potential for periodic outbreaks.
Conclusion
In conclusion,
T. gondii
was found to be widespread among sheep in Türkiye, whereas
N. caninum
had a more limited yet notable distribution. Given the zoonotic importance of toxoplasmosis, it is crucial to strengthen biosecurity and implement region-specific, risk-based control strategies. This study lays a scientific foundation for future preventive measures by enabling nationwide epidemiological mapping of ovine toxoplasmosis and neosporosis.
Journal Article
Feline vector-borne haemopathogens in Türkiye: the first molecular detection of Mycoplasma wenyonii and ongoing Babesia ovis DNA presence in unspecific hosts
Background
Cats are hosts and reservoirs for many haemopathogens such as piroplasms,
Rickettsia
, hemotropic
Mycoplasma
,
Bartonella
,
Ehrlichia
, and
Anaplasma
, which are transmitted by various vector arthropods and some of which have a zoonotic concern. Although it is noteworthy that the rate of ownership of companion animals has increased in Türkiye in recent years and that cats account for a large proportion of these animals, there is limited research on the vector-borne infectious agents carried by them. The present study aimed to provide a comprehensive molecular epidemiological data and molecular characterization of feline vector-borne haemopathogens (FVBHs), including piroplasms, anaplasmataceae, rickettsias, haemoplasmas, and
Bartonella
species in Türkiye. In total, 250 feline blood samples were collected from client-owned cats (
n
= 203) and shelter cats (
n
= 47) brought to the Small Animal Hospital of Selcuk University, Veterinary Faculty.
Results
Overall, 40 (16%) cats were found to be infected with at least one of the investigated haemopathogens and piroplasm,
Mycoplasma
spp. and
Bartonella
spp. prevalence was 1.6%, 11.2%, and 4.8%, respectively. No
Anaplasma
/
Ehrlichia
spp. and
Rickettsia
spp. DNA was detected in the investigated feline samples. Sequence analysis revealed that all four piroplasms belonged to
Babesia ovis
with a 97.93–99.82% nucleotide sequence identity to
18S rRNA
gene sequences from Spain and Türkiye, while some sequenced hemoplasmas were
Mycoplasma haemofelis
(
Mhf
),
Candidatus
Mycoplasma haemominutum (
C
Mhm) and
Mycoplasma wenyonii
, and
Bartonella
spp. were
Bartonella henselae
and
Bartonella koehlerae
species. Co-infections with
Mycoplasma
spp. and
Bartonella
spp. were also detected in 4 cats (1.6%) in this study, where single infections were predominant.
Conclusion
This study provides valuable information on zoonotically important feline vector-borne hemopathogens in Türkiye, some of which have received attention under the One Health perspective, and is the first molecular epidemiological study to demonstrate the presence of
Babesia ovis
, the causative agent of ovine babesiosis, and
Mycoplasma wenyonii
DNA, the causative agent of bovine haemotropic mycoplasmosis, in cats. Further studies on the roles of such pathogens detected in unspecific hosts and the host specificity of the vectors that transmit them will contribute to the elucidation of this situation.
Journal Article
Evaluation of endothelial glycocalyx injury biomarkers in feline hemotropic mycoplasmosis
The present study aimed to investigate endothelial glycocalyx (eGCx) damage in cats with feline hemotropic mycoplasmosis caused by
Mycoplasma haemofelis
using selected biomarkers and to determine the diagnostic and prognostic significance of these biomarkers. The study included 25 cats with feline hemotropic mycoplasmosis and 10 healthy cats. Clinical examination, blood gas analysis, complete blood count, and biochemical analysis were performed. Hemotropic mycoplasmosis diagnosed by microscopic examination and molecularly confirmed by PCR targeting the
Mycoplasma haemofelis 16s rRNA
gene. To evaluate endothelial glycocalyx damage, syndecan-1, endothelin-1 (ET-1), asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), and vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) concentrations were measured using cat-specific commercial ELISA kits. Of the cats with feline hemotropic mycoplasmosis, 14 (56%) survived and 11 (44%) died. While syndecan-1 and ET-1 concentrations were significantly higher in cats with hemotropic mycoplasmosis compared to the control group (
p
< 0.001), no statistically significant difference was found for ADMA and VEGF-A concentrations (
p
> 0.05). Endothelial glycocalyx biomarkers showed significant correlations with each other and with hematological parameters (
p
< 0.01). The results of the ROC analysis showed that ET-1 with area under the curve (AUC) of 0.821 (
p
< 0.01) and VEGF-A with AUC of 0.805 (
p
< 0.010) were found to be significant prognostic indicators. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that serum syndecan-1 and ET-1 can be used as diagnostic and serum ET-1 and VEGF-A as prognostic biomarkers in cats with hemotropic mycoplasmosis. Our results indicate the development of eGCx damage in feline hemotropic mycoplasmosis and suggest that glycocalyx disruption may contribute to the pathogenesis of the disease.
Journal Article
Identification of hub genes associated with obesity-induced hepatocellular carcinoma risk based on integrated bioinformatics analysis
Obesity, which has become one of the biggest public health problems of the twenty-first century, accompanies many chronic conditions, including cancer. On the other hand, liver cancer, which is known to be associated with obesity, is considered another serious threat to public health. However, the underlying drivers of the development of obesity-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain blurry. The current study attempted to identify the key genes and pathways in the obesity-induced development of HCC using integrated bioinformatics analyses. Obesity and HCC-associated gene expression datasets were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and analyzed to identify overlapping differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and hub genes. The prognostic potentials, survival analysis, and expression levels of hub genes were further assessed. Moreover, the correlation between hub genes and the immune cells infiltration was analyzed. The findings of this research revealed that both mRNA and protein expression levels of the four hub genes (IGF1, ACADL, CYP2C9, and G6PD) involved in many important metabolic pathways are remarkably altered in both obese individuals and patients with HCC. The results demonstrated that these dysregulated genes in both obesity and HCC may serve as considerable targets for the prevention and treatment of HCC development in obese individuals.
Journal Article