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"Chalecki, Elizabeth L"
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A New Security Framework for Geoengineering
As the national security ramifications of climate change grow more pronounced, climate manipulation technologies, called geoengineering, will become more attractive as a method of staving off climate-related security emergencies. Geoengineering includes methods of carbon dioxide removal and/or solar radiation management and can theoretically achieve significant reductions in warming-related environmental changes, but they are scientifically untested. Geoengineering technologies have the potential to disrupt the global ecological status quo and mount a potentially coercive threat with implications as serious as those in wartime. Several of these technologies can be deployed from the global commons, but international law provides no more than indirect guidance as to how they should be governed as a matter of international security. We argue that, lacking explicit scientific or legal guidance, just war theory provides a useful normative framework for restraining the use of environmental force. Modifying just war theory into \"just geoengineering theory\" will provide ethical standards for security decision makers as they consider whether or how geoengineering should be used.
Journal Article
The CO2 will always get through: Global climate change and U.S. national security
National security is the primary concern of every government, but anthropogenic climate change has not factored into U.S. national security planning. This dissertation will use a causal loop diagram to trace the pathways between the components of the independent variable of climate change (ambient air temperature, precipitation, sea level, and extreme weather events) through the intermediate variables to the dependent variable of U.S. national security. Each link is designated strong or weak, positive or negative, and the causal pathways from climate to security are then evaluated for robustness. Chapter 1 discusses the literature of environmental security studies in order to frame climate change among other nontraditional security threats. Chapter 2 reviews the historical discovery of global warming and the basic science behind the phenomenon. The history of U.S. participation in the global climate change regime is reviewed, as well as the current political controversy surrounding the subject. Chapter 3 examines those climate-generated threats that the United States can take unilateral action to mitigate: thawing of Arctic sea ice, the loss or impairment of standing military facilities, the possible proliferation of nuclear materials in pursuit of nuclear energy, and losses of food and water security. Chapter 4 examines those threats which will require the United States to work with other nations to mitigate: expanding disease vectors, and the generation of refugees. Chapter 5 contains two major findings: that the United States military will face an increasing number of stability operations (operations other than war) in a globally-warmed world, and that their capabilities and readiness to meet these missions will be negatively affected. The foreign policy implications of both climate change and the current U.S. policy are discussed, and the dissertation concludes with some recommendations designed to attenuate the security risk from climate change.
Dissertation
Political Geography: Special Issue on Climate Change and Conflict
Political Geography: Special Issue on Climate Change and Conflict edited by Ragnhild Nordas and Nils Petter Gleditsch.
Book Review
FIGHT ECOTERRORISTS
I am writing to elaborate on your Jan. 16 editorial \"The real victims of ecoterrorism.\" ELF insists that it is a legitimate wing of the environmental movement, pointing out that any successful social movement has included a variety of tactics.
Newspaper Article