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"Chen, Jing"
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Entropy economics : the living basis of value and production
\"Economists dream of equilibrium. It's time to wake up. In mainstream economics, markets are ideal if competition is perfect. When supply balances demand, economic maturity is orderly and disturbed only by shocks. These ideas are rooted in doctrines going back thousands of years yet, as James K. Galbraith and Jing Chen show, they contradict the foundations of our scientific understanding of the physical and biological worlds. Entropy Economics discards the conventions of equilibrium and presents a new basis for thinking about economic issues, one rooted in life processes--an unequal world of unceasing change in which boundaries, plans, and regulations are essential. Galbraith and Chen's theory of value is based on scarcity, and it accounts for the power of monopoly. Their theory of production covers increasing and decreasing returns, uncertainty, fixed investments over time, and the impact of rising resource costs. Together, their models illuminate key problems such as trade, finance, energy, climate, conflict, and demography. Entropy Economics is a thrilling framework for understanding the world as it is and will be keenly relevant to the economic challenges of a world threatened with disorder\"-- Provided by publisher.
BOOK
Prevalence and socio-demographic correlates of psychological health problems in Chinese adolescents during the outbreak of COVID-19
Psychological health problems, especially emotional disorders, are common among adolescents. The epidemiology of emotional disorders is greatly influenced by stressful events. This study sought to assess the prevalence rate and socio-demographic correlates of depressive and anxiety symptoms among Chinese adolescents affected by the outbreak of COVID-19. We conducted a cross-sectional study among Chinese students aged 12–18 years during the COVID-19 epidemic period. An online survey was used to conduct rapid assessment. A total of 8079 participants were involved in the study. An online survey was used to collect demographic data, assess students’ awareness of COVID-19, and assess depressive and anxiety symptoms with the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) questionnaire, respectively. The prevalence of depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and a combination of depressive and anxiety symptoms was 43.7%, 37.4%, and 31.3%, respectively, among Chinese high school students during the COVID-19 outbreak. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that female gender was the higher risk factor for depressive and anxiety symptoms. In terms of grades, senior high school was a risk factor for depressive and anxiety symptoms; the higher the grade, the greater the prevalence of depressive and anxiety symptoms. Our findings show there is a high prevalence of psychological health problems among adolescents, which are negatively associated with the level of awareness of COVID-19. These findings suggest that the government needs to pay more attention to psychological health among adolescents while combating COVID-19.
Journal Article
Vegetation structural change since 1981 significantly enhanced the terrestrial carbon sink
Satellite observations show that leaf area index (LAI) has increased globally since 1981, but the impact of this vegetation structural change on the global terrestrial carbon cycle has not been systematically evaluated. Through process-based diagnostic ecosystem modeling, we find that the increase in LAI alone was responsible for 12.4% of the accumulated terrestrial carbon sink (95 ± 5 Pg C) from 1981 to 2016, whereas other drivers of CO
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fertilization, nitrogen deposition, and climate change (temperature, radiation, and precipitation) contributed to 47.0%, 1.1%, and −28.6% of the sink, respectively. The legacy effects of past changes in these drivers prior to 1981 are responsible for the remaining 65.5% of the accumulated sink from 1981 to 2016. These results refine the attribution of the land sink to the various drivers and would help constrain prognostic models that often have large uncertainties in simulating changes in vegetation and their impacts on the global carbon cycle.
There lacks systematic analysis on the importance of vegetation structural change in the global terrestrial carbon cycle. Here the authors conducted a multi-model comparison analysis and find that the increase in leaf area index has been responsible for 12.4% of the accumulated terrestrial carbon sink from 1981 to 2016.
Journal Article
Recent Progress in Organic Photodetectors and their Applications
Organic photodetectors (OPDs) have attracted continuous attention due to their outstanding advantages, such as tunability of detecting wavelength, low‐cost manufacturing, compatibility with lightweight and flexible devices, as well as ease of processing. Enormous efforts on performance improvement and application of OPDs have been devoted in the past decades. In this Review, recent advances in device architectures and operation mechanisms of phototransistor, photoconductor, and photodiode based OPDs are reviewed with a focus on the strategies aiming at performance improvement. The application of OPDs in spectrally selective detection, wearable devices, and integrated optoelectronics are also discussed. Furthermore, some future prospects on the research challenges and new opportunities of OPDs are covered. Recent progress in organic photodetectors is reviewed, including different device structures, features, and operation mechanisms. Benefiting from the improved performance, the applications of organic photodetectors for selective detection, wearability, and integrated devices are highlighted.
Journal Article
Impact of family and social support in enhancing psychological well-being of young adults in China
Background
The present study investigates the role of quality of life (QOL) in enhancing psychological well-being (PWB) among young adults in transitional, collectivist societies, with particular attention to contemporary China. To advance understanding of how diverse support systems nfluence youths’ well-being, this study departs from recent literature that often conflates family support (FS) and social support (SS), and instead hypothetically distinguishes FS as a structural resource rooted in familial relationships while defining SS as a broader interpersonal resource beyond family unit.
Methods
This study empirically examines the distinct mediating and moderating roles of FS and SS in the relationship between QOL and PWB, and also explores the mediating influence of FS over the relationship between SS and QOL in shaping well-being of young adults within the Chinese context. Drawing on responses of 539 young respondents and employing key statistical methods, including reliability analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and mediation and moderation analyses, this study tests the validity of the four proposed hypotheses.
Results
Current results determined that QOL strongly predicted PWB, with both FS and SS acting as significant mediators. As FS accounted for 38% of the total effect, this study advocated for the lasting influence of familial ties shaped by cultural values. SS, while being facilitated through peer networks and digital platforms, compensated for weaker family ties, especially among internal migrant youth. Even in the absence of robust FS or SS, QOL remained a significant predictor of PWB. The combined effects of QOL, FS, and SS explained 52% of the variance in PWB. Notably, QOL remained a strong predictor of PWB even in the absence of robust FS or SS, thereby emphasizing the need for public investment in education, healthcare, and housing. The combined effect of QOL, FS, and SS explained 52% of the variance in PWB.
Conclusions
This study pleads greater public investment in education, healthcare, and housing to support the well-being of young adults in China. Also, this study seeks to develop a youth-centric national well-being index to assist the cross-sectoral policy efforts. Importantly, FS influences PWB indirectly through its impact on SS, rather than through direct moderation. This distinction calls for the necessity of separating immediate familial support from broader societal networks when evaluating PWB in non-Western contexts.
Journal Article
Advances in mechanism and regulation of PANoptosis: Prospects in disease treatment
PANoptosis, a new research hotspot at the moment, is a cell death pattern in which pyroptosis, apoptosis, and necroptosis all occur in the same cell population. In essence, PANoptosis is a highly coordinated and dynamically balanced programmed inflammatory cell death pathway that combines the main features of pyroptosis, apoptosis, and necroptosis. Many variables, such as infection, injury, or self-defect, may be involved in the occurrence of PANoptosis, with the assembly and activation of the PANoptosome being the most critical. PANoptosis has been linked to the development of multiple systemic diseases in the human body, including infectious diseases, cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and inflammatory diseases. Therefore, it is necessary to clarify the process of occurrence, the regulatory mechanism of PANoptosis, and its relation to diseases. In this paper, we summarized the differences and relations between PANoptosis and the three types of programmed cell death, and emphatically expounded molecular mechanism and regulatory patterns of PANoptosis, with the expectation of facilitating the application of PANoptosis regulation in disease treatment.
Journal Article
C1632 suppresses the migration and proliferation of non‐small‐cell lung cancer cells involving LIN28 and FGFR1 pathway
Chemoresistance and migration represent major obstacles in the therapy of non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which accounts for approximately 85% of lung cancer patients in clinic. In the present study, we report that the compound C1632 is preferentially distributed in the lung after oral administration in vivo with high bioavailability and limited inhibitory effects on CYP450 isoenzymes. We found that C1632 could simultaneously inhibit the expression of LIN28 and block FGFR1 signalling transduction in NSCLC A549 and A549R cells, resulting in significant decreases in the phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase and the expression of matrix metalloproteinase‐9. Consequently, C1632 effectively inhibited the migration and invasion of A549 and A549R cells. Meanwhile, C1632 significantly suppressed the cell viability and the colony formation of A549 and A549R cells by inhibiting DNA replication and inducing G0/G1 cell cycle arrest. Interestingly, compared with A549 cells, C1632 possesses the same or even better anti‐migration and anti‐proliferation effects on A549R cells, regardless of drug resistance. In addition, C1632 also displayed the capacity to inhibit the growth of A549R xenograft tumours in mice. Altogether, these findings reveal the potential of C1632 as a promising anti‐NSCLC agent, especially for chemotherapy‐resistant NSCLC treatment.
Journal Article
Entropic uncertainty relation in neutrino oscillations
Neutrino oscillation is deemed as an interesting physical phenomenon and shows the nonclassical features made apparently by the Leggett–Garg inequality. The uncertainty principle is one of the fundamental features that distinguishes the quantum world to its classical counterpart. And the principle can be depicted in terms of entropy, which forms the so-called entropic uncertainty relations (EUR). In this work, the entropic uncertainty relations that are relevant to the neutrino-flavor states are investigated by comparing the experimental observation of neutrino oscillations to predictions. From two different neutrino sources, we analyze ensembles of reactor and accelerator neutrinos for different energies, including measurements performed by the Daya Bay collaboration using detectors at 0.5 and 1.6 km from their source, and by the MINOS collaboration using a detector with a 735km distance to the neutrino source. It is found that the entropy-based uncertainty conditions strengths exhibits non-monotonic evolutions as the energy increases. We also quantify the systemic quantumness measured by quantum correlation, and derive the intrinsic relationship between quantum correlation and EUR. Furthermore, we utilize EUR as a criterion to detect entanglement of neutrino-flavor state. Our results could illustrate the potential applications of neutrino oscillations on quantum information processing in the weak-interaction processes.
Journal Article