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The metaverse represents a transformative landscape for human interaction, promising an immersive digital ecosystem where users can create, share, and experience resources in novel ways. Within this context, the establishment of Beidou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) commons in the metaverse is an exciting prospect that could revolutionize knowledge sharing, governance, and sustainability. This paper explores the potential of the metaverse as a platform for building BDS commons, focusing on three key dimensions: resource sharing, collaborative governance, and sustainable development. We examine the current state of research, identify existing gaps, and propose directions for future inquiries to fully harness the potential of the metaverse for global resource sharing and collective action.

The loss factor of wood material is frequency related, which directly affects the calculation method of dynamic responses for wood structures. In this paper, the relationship between loss factor and damping coefficient was determined based on equal dissipated energy. Combined with the time-domain and frequency-domain methods, a modal superposition method was proposed to calculate the dynamic response of wood structures. Compared with the frequency-domain method, the proposed method can additionally consider the transient vibration responses of wood structures. Compared with the equivalent time-domain method based on constant loss factor, the proposed method can additionally consider the influence of frequency related loss factor. The proposed method should be preferred to calculate dynamic responses of wood structures.

\"Digital\" agriculture is rapidly affecting the value of agricultural output. Robotic picking of the ripe agricultural product enables accurate and rapid picking, making agricultural harvesting intelligent. How to increase product output has also become a challenge for digital agriculture. During the cherry growth process, realizing the rapid and accurate detection of cherry fruits is the key to the development of cherry fruits in digital agriculture. Due to the inaccurate detection of cherry fruits, environmental problems such as shading have become the biggest challenge for cherry fruit detection. This paper proposes an improved YOLO-V4 deep learning algorithm to detect cherry fruits. This model is suitable for cherry fruits with a small volume. It is proposed to increase the network based on the YOLO-V4 backbone network CSPDarknet53 network, combined with DenseNet The density between layers, the a priori box in the YOLO-V4 model, is changed to a circular marker box that fits the shape of the cherry fruit. Based on the improved YOLO-V4 model, the feature extraction is enhanced, the network structure is deepened, and the detection speed is improved. To verify the effectiveness of this method, different deep learning algorithms of YOLO-V3, YOLO-V3-dense and YOLO-V4 are compared. The results show that the mAP (average accuracy) value obtained by using the improved YOLO-V4 model (YOLO-V4-dense) network in this paper is 0.15 higher than that of yolov4. In actual orchard applications, cherries with different ripeness of cherries in the same area can be detected, and the fruits with larger ripeness differences can be artificially intervened, and finally, the yield of cherry fruits can be increased.

This study aims to investigate the association between trajectories of the cognition and body mass index (BMI) among Chinese middle and old-aged adults. A total of 5693 adults (age 45 +) whose cognitive score is higher than average at the baseline were included from China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS:2011–2015). Cognitive function was measured by Mini-mental state examination (MMSE) in Chinese version. The Group-based trajectory modeling (GBTM) was adopted to identify the potential heterogeneity of longitudinal changes over the past 5 years and to investigate the relationship between baseline BMI and trajectories of cognitive function. Three trajectories were identified in results: the slow decline (37.92%), the rapid decline (6.71%) and the stable function (55.37%). After controlling for other variables, underweight (BMI < 18.5 kg/m 2 ) was associated with the rapid and slow decline trajectories. Obesity (BMI > 28 kg/m 2 ) was associated with the slow decline trajectory. High-risk people of cognitive decline can be screened by measuring BMI.

Osteoporosis, one of the serious health diseases, involves bone mass loss, bone density diminishing, and degeneration of bone microstructure, which is accompanied by a tendency toward bone fragility and a predisposition to fracture. More than 200 million people worldwide suffer from osteoporosis, and the cost of treating osteoporotic fractures is expected to reach at least $25 billion by 2025. The generation and development of osteoporosis are regulated by genetic factors and regulatory factors such as TGF-β, BMP, and FGF through multiple pathways, including the Wnt signaling pathway, the Notch signaling pathway, and the MAPK signaling pathway. Among them, the Wnt signaling pathway is one of the most important pathways. It is not only involved in bone development and metabolism but also in the differentiation and proliferation of chondrocytes, mesenchymal stem cells, osteoclasts, and osteoblasts. Dkk-1 and SOST are Wnt inhibitory proteins that can inhibit the activation of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway and block the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts. Therefore, they may serve as potential targets for the treatment of osteoporosis. In this review, we analyzed the mechanisms of Wnt proteins, β-catenin, and signaling molecules in the process of signal transduction and summarized the relationship between the Wnt signaling pathway and bone-related cells. We hope to attract attention to the role of the Wnt signaling pathway in osteoporosis and offer new perspectives and approaches to making a diagnosis and giving treatment for osteoporosis.

In this study, shear tests on artificial rock joints with different roughness were conducted under five normal stress levels. Test results showed that the shear strength of rock joints had a positive correlation with roughness and the applied normal stress. Observation of joint specimens after shear tests indicated that asperity damage was mainly located in the steep areas facing the shear direction. The damaged joint surfaces tend to be rough, which implies that tensile failure plays an important role in shear behavior. As a result of the anisotropic characteristic of joint roughness, two quantitative 2D roughness parameters, i.e., the revised root-mean-square of asperity angle tan −1 ( Z 2r ) and the maximum contact coefficient C m , were proposed considering the shear direction. The proposed roughness parameters can capture the difference of roughness in forward and reverse directions along a single joint profile. The normalized tensile strength and the proposed roughness parameters were used to perform a rational derivation of peak dilatancy angle. A negative exponential-type function was found to be appropriate to model the peak dilatancy angle. Using the new model of peak dilatancy angle, we obtained a new criterion for peak shear strength of rock joints. The good agreement between test results and predicted results by the new criterion indicated that the proposed criterion is capable of estimating the peak shear strength of rock joints. Comparisons between the new criterion and published models from available literature revealed that the proposed criterion has a good accuracy for predicting the peak shear strength of joints investigated in this study.

The development of Zn-free anodes to inhibit Zn dendrite formation and modulate high-capacity Zn batteries is highly applauded yet very challenging. Here, we design a robust two-dimensional antimony/antimony-zinc alloy heterostructured interface to regulate Zn plating. Benefiting from the stronger adsorption and homogeneous electric field distribution of the Sb/Sb 2 Zn 3 -heterostructured interface in Zn plating, the Zn anode enables an ultrahigh areal capacity of 200 mAh cm −2 with an overpotential of 112 mV and a Coulombic efficiency of 98.5%. An anode-free Zn-Br 2 battery using the Sb/Sb 2 Zn 3 -heterostructured interface@Cu anode shows an attractive energy density of 274 Wh kg −1  with a practical pouch cell energy density of 62 Wh kg −1 . The scaled-up Zn-Br 2 battery in a capacity of 500 mAh exhibits over 400 stable cycles. Further, the Zn-Br 2 battery module in an energy of 9 Wh (6 V, 1.5 Ah) is integrated with a photovoltaic panel to demonstrate the practical renewable energy storage capabilities. Our superior anode-free Zn batteries enabled by the heterostructured interface enlighten an arena towards large-scale energy storage applications. The development of dendrite-free, Zn-free anodes is challenging. Here, the authors design a two-dimensional antimony/antimony-zinc alloy heterostructured interface to achieve dendrite-free Zn deposition with areal capacity of 200 mAh cm −2 , and energy density of around 270 Wh kg −1 for anode-free zinc-bromine battery.

Objective To explore the perspectives and experiences of nurses providing end-of-life care in the intensive care units. Methods This study employed a descriptive phenomenological approach, conducting semi-structured interviews with 13 intensive care units’ nurses from November 2023 to February 2024. The interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using Colaizzi analysis to categorize and organize the data. Results We categorized the findings into four themes: (1) Institutional constraints in end-of-life care, (2) Cultural-cognitive conflicts, (3) Communication breakdown and trust crisis, (4) Healing and resilience. Conclusion This study provides an in-depth analysis of the key factors influencing the implementation of end-of-life care in intensive care units within the Chinese cultural context, highlighting the multidimensional challenges encountered. By meticulously analyzing barriers and facilitators, the study offers insights for effective resource utilization (division of labor within the medical team, balancing the intensity of medical interventions with patients’ comfort needs) and targeted strategy development. Optimizing intensive care unit environments, enhancing cultural sensitivity education, promoting team collaboration, and providing emotional support for nurses are essential pathways to improving the effectiveness of end-of-life care in the intensive care units.

Sleep disorders increase the risk and mortality of heart disease, but the brain-heart interaction has not yet been fully elucidated. Cuproptosis is a copper-dependent type of cell death activated by the excessive accumulation of intracellular copper. Here, we showed that 16 weeks of sleep fragmentation (SF) resulted in elevated copper levels in the male mouse heart and exacerbated myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury with increased myocardial cuproptosis and apoptosis. Mechanistically, we found that SF promotes sympathetic overactivity, increases the germination of myocardial sympathetic nerve terminals, and increases the level of norepinephrine in cardiac tissue, thereby inhibits VPS35 expression and leads to impaired ATP7A related copper transport and copper overload in cardiomyocytes. Copper overload further leads to exacerbated cuproptosis and apoptosis, and these effects can be rescued by excision of the sympathetic nerve or administration of copper chelating agent. Our study elucidates one of the molecular mechanisms by which sleep disorders aggravate myocardial injury and suggests possible targets for intervention. Sleep disorders increase the risk and mortality of heart disease. Here, the authors show that sleep fragmentation results in elevated copper levels in the male mouse heart and exacerbates myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury with increased myocardial cuproptosis and apoptosis.

The intricate pathological mechanisms of Alzheimer's disease (AD), along with the restrictive nature of the blood‐brain barrier (BBB) that further impedes the drug brain entry, underscore the pressing need for innovative combinational therapy to achieve effective treatment outcomes. Intranasal administration, capable of bypassing BBB by direct transport through olfactory and trigeminal nerves, provides a promising approach for treating neurological disorders. Herein, the guanidinium‐modified calix[5]arene (GC5AY) is developed as a single‐molecule pleuripotent scaffold, demonstrating small size, positive charge and desirable amphiphilicity, which facilitate its efficient traverse of nasal mucosal barrier. The multifunctionality of GC5AY, including inhibiting amyloid fibrosis, scavenging reactive oxygen species and drug delivery, enables it to serve as a sophisticated platform for constructing multi‐target AD therapeutic agents. In light of this, by loading neuroprotective agent Trilobatin (TLB) into the cavity of GC5AY, intranasal administration of the TLB@GC5AY formulation is verified to effectively attenuate the cognitive impairment of AD mice, demonstrating multifaceted pathological improvements, while also possessing good biocompatibility. In response to the growing appeal for combinational therapy of AD, the approach proposed in this study has provided a readily generalizable strategy to fulfill this pursuit. Herein, guanidinium‐modified calix[5]arene (GC5AY) is developed featuring small size, positive charge, and desirable amphiphilicity, that can efficiently traverse the nasal mucosal barrier for brain drug delivery. Additionally, possessing inherent therapeutic functions, GC5AY can thus serve as a single‐molecule pleuripotent scaffold for multi‐target combinational therapy of Alzheimer's disease via intranasal administration.