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Models show that to avert dangerous levels of climate change, global carbon dioxide emissions must fall to zero later this century. Most of these emissions arise from energy use. Davis et al. review what it would take to achieve decarbonization of the energy system. Some parts of the energy system are particularly difficult to decarbonize, including aviation, long-distance transport, steel and cement production, and provision of a reliable electricity supply. Current technologies and pathways show promise, but integration of now-discrete energy sectors and industrial processes is vital to achieve minimal emissions. Science , this issue p. eaas9793 Some energy services and industrial processes—such as long-distance freight transport, air travel, highly reliable electricity, and steel and cement manufacturing—are particularly difficult to provide without adding carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) to the atmosphere. Rapidly growing demand for these services, combined with long lead times for technology development and long lifetimes of energy infrastructure, make decarbonization of these services both essential and urgent. We examine barriers and opportunities associated with these difficult-to-decarbonize services and processes, including possible technological solutions and research and development priorities. A range of existing technologies could meet future demands for these services and processes without net addition of CO 2 to the atmosphere, but their use may depend on a combination of cost reductions via research and innovation, as well as coordinated deployment and integration of operations across currently discrete energy industries.

The ultimate reference book for the planets, cities, and battles of the Star wars galaxy! The cross-section artworks offer incredible levels of detail that take you far beyond what is seen on-screen-- even beyond freeze-frame!

The Godfreys were driving home to Kingston from Green Bay, where they had been visiting friends. When they passed the Noonan residence on Westport Road, about nine miles east of [Jim Godfrey], they saw flames shooting from the woodshed. They were first on the scene, happening by about 15 minutes before Bedford and Hinchinbrooke townships volunteer firefighters arrived. \"My first impulse was to wet down the house with a hose I spotted at the side, but it wasn't connected to anything,\" Jim Godfrey said yesterday. He then entered the house and found Mrs. Noonan, who was attempting to re-enter her bedroom to get her purse. After guiding Mrs. Noonan by the arm to safety, Godfrey looked back and, \"by this time, the whole back and roof of the house was in flames.\" Godfrey then realized that Joseph Noonan, who had just minutes before escaped the house on his own, had re-entered the burning structure.

\"She lived in a savage world in an uncivilized age - a world ruled by men and governed by the sword. The[y] called her... Red Sonja - for her flame red hair, and for the smoldering fire of her pride, which gave her sword-arm a strength that few men could match, and none had ever defeated. This collection contains a variety of issues from the original Marvel Comics series 'The Savage Sword of Conan,' as well as Sonja Tales from 'Kull and the Barbarians,' with each page re-mastered for this volume. Also included is a gallery of pin-ups by Frank Thorne, Howard Chaykin, and more. These tales are where it all began, and set the stage for the current Red Sonja series from Dynamite Entertainment\"--back cover.

Improving costs and scale reflect looming opportunities Solar energy has the potential to play a central role in the future global energy system because of the scale of the solar resource, its predictability, and its ubiquitous nature. Global installed solar photovoltaic (PV) capacity exceeded 500 GW at the end of 2018, and an estimated additional 500 GW of PV capacity is projected to be installed by 2022–2023, bringing us into the era of TW-scale PV. Given the speed of change in the PV industry, both in terms of continued dramatic cost decreases and manufacturing-scale increases, the growth toward TW-scale PV has caught many observers, including many of us ( 1 ), by surprise. Two years ago, we focused on the challenges of achieving 3 to 10 TW of PV by 2030. Here, we envision a future with ∼10 TW of PV by 2030 and 30 to 70 TW by 2050, providing a majority of global energy. PV would be not just a key contributor to electricity generation but also a central contributor to all segments of the global energy system. We discuss ramifications and challenges for complementary technologies (e.g., energy storage, power to gas/liquid fuels/chemicals, grid integration, and multiple sector electrification) and summarize what is needed in research in PV performance, reliability, manufacturing, and recycling.

To characterize somatic alterations in colorectal carcinoma, we conducted a genome-scale analysis of 276 samples, analysing exome sequence, DNA copy number, promoter methylation and messenger RNA and microRNA expression. A subset of these samples (97) underwent low-depth-of-coverage whole-genome sequencing. In total, 16% of colorectal carcinomas were found to be hypermutated: three-quarters of these had the expected high microsatellite instability, usually with hypermethylation and MLH1 silencing, and one-quarter had somatic mismatch-repair gene and polymerase ε ( POLE ) mutations. Excluding the hypermutated cancers, colon and rectum cancers were found to have considerably similar patterns of genomic alteration. Twenty-four genes were significantly mutated, and in addition to the expected APC , TP53 , SMAD4 , PIK3CA and KRAS mutations, we found frequent mutations in ARID1A , SOX9 and FAM123B. Recurrent copy-number alterations include potentially drug-targetable amplifications of ERBB2 and newly discovered amplification of IGF2 . Recurrent chromosomal translocations include the fusion of NAV2 and WNT pathway member TCF7L1 . Integrative analyses suggest new markers for aggressive colorectal carcinoma and an important role for MYC -directed transcriptional activation and repression. The Cancer Genome Atlas consortium reports on their genome-wide characterization of somatic alterations in colorectal cancer; in addition to revealing a remarkably consistent pattern of genomic alteration, with 24 genes being significantly mutated, the study identifies new targets for therapeutic intervention and suggests an important role for MYC-directed transcriptional activation and repression. Mutations associated with colorectal cancer The Cancer Genome Atlas consortium reports on their genome-wide characterization of somatic alterations in colorectal carcinoma. Combined analysis of exome sequence data, DNA copy number, promoter methylation, messenger RNA and microRNA expression, as well as low-coverage whole-genome sequencing reveal that 16% of these carcinomas have hypermutation. Of these, three-quarters have the expected high microsatellite instability, but the rest have somatic mismatch repair gene mutations. The data reveal a remarkably consistent pattern of genomic alteration, with 24 genes being significantly mutated. As well as identifying new biomarkers for aggressive colorectal carcinoma, the data imply an important role for MYC -directed transcriptional activation and repression.

Lung squamous cell carcinoma is a common type of lung cancer, causing approximately 400,000 deaths per year worldwide. Genomic alterations in squamous cell lung cancers have not been comprehensively characterized, and no molecularly targeted agents have been specifically developed for its treatment. As part of The Cancer Genome Atlas, here we profile 178 lung squamous cell carcinomas to provide a comprehensive landscape of genomic and epigenomic alterations. We show that the tumour type is characterized by complex genomic alterations, with a mean of 360 exonic mutations, 165 genomic rearrangements, and 323 segments of copy number alteration per tumour. We find statistically recurrent mutations in 11 genes, including mutation of TP53 in nearly all specimens. Previously unreported loss-of-function mutations are seen in the HLA-A class I major histocompatibility gene. Significantly altered pathways included NFE2L2 and KEAP1 in 34%, squamous differentiation genes in 44%, phosphatidylinositol-3-OH kinase pathway genes in 47%, and CDKN2A and RB1 in 72% of tumours. We identified a potential therapeutic target in most tumours, offering new avenues of investigation for the treatment of squamous cell lung cancers. Comprehensive analyses of 178 lung squamous cell carcinomas by The Cancer Genome Atlas project show that the tumour type is characterized by complex genomic alterations, with statistically recurrent mutations in 11 genes, including TP53 in nearly all samples; a potential therapeutic target is identified in most of the samples studied. Lung-cancer genomes analysed The Cancer Genome Atlas consortium has analysed 178 lung squamous cell carcinomas, a common type of lung cancer for which comprehensive genomic analyses have not previously been available. The researchers report that this tumour type is characterized by complex genomic alterations, with recurrent mutations in 18 genes, including TP53 in nearly all samples. They also report frequent mutations in squamous differentiation genes. Collectively, these analyses identify potential therapeutic targets worthy of further investigation.

The Kiwanis Club selected McCauley as the top amateur athlete from Kingston and area for his accomplishments with Ottawa and at the world hockey level. A Gananoque minor hockey product and member of the Voyageurs as a 14-year-old, McCauley earned his second straight gold medal with the Canadian junior hockey team at the world junior championship in Geneva in January. Other finalists for the award included Ryan Vince, the record- setting scorer for the Kingston Township Voyageurs, track and field competitors Corey Trudeau, Brett Angel and Erin Sepic, basketball player Taryn Turnbull, wrestler [Paul Ragusa], rower Kim Vankoughnett, three-sport athlete Blake Orr and the Alex Tosh rink of Dave Allan, Mark McDonald and Scott Heximer from the Royal Kingston Curling Club.

The last 2 years have witnessed a tremendous rise in esports in the US and, with it, a growing concern about the lack of diversity and its underlying probable cause: toxicity toward women and minorities. The popularity of this new pastime among undergraduates has skyrocketed and club leagues are quickly transitioning into collegiate sports, leaving universities to rapidly catch up with student demand in order to attract and keep a technologically-adept incoming student body. The University of California, Irvine has become a leader in collegiate esports programs, boasting a centrally located, dedicated esports arena, an active gaming student body (72%), and undergraduate scholarships. The goal is to be a leader not merely on the digital field, however. The goal is to also live up to the long-standing commitment to diversity and inclusion across all aspects of campus life. In this article, the authors detail the strategy for accomplishing this. As university esports programs emerge nationwide, so too must campus policies and practices that ensure a welcoming and safe environment for all students.