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[...]the IABP has the potential to elevate cardiac output by 10%–20% above baseline levels. The diagnosis hinges on the presence of persistent hypotension (systolic blood pressure <90 mmHg or mean arterial pressure [MAP] <65 mmHg), a cardiac index ≤2.2 L·min–1·m–2, pulmonary capillary wedge pressure ≥15 mmHg, and indicators of end-organ hypoperfusion (e.g., urine output <30 mL/h, altered mental status, cool extremities, lactate >2.0 mmol/L). (5) tMCS can be applied as a bridging therapy for subsequent decision-making in the management of CS occurring in end-stage HF. tMCS Preoperative Evaluation and Device Selection Forming a team Recommendation It is recommended to form a multidisciplinary tMCS team including physicians specializing in cardiovascular surgery, cardiovascular medicine, intensive care medicine, respiratory medicine, anesthesiology, extracorporeal circulation, ultrasound imaging, and other relevant fields, along with nursing and engineering personnel,[3] who are primarily responsible for determining the timing of tMCS placement, selecting the appropriate device, involving in preoperative preparation, device operation and management, and addressing potential complications. Preoperative assessment and timing Recommendations (1) Comprehensive evaluation of tMCS implantation, including indications, contraindications, timing of implantation, and cost-effectiveness, should be conducted by the multidisciplinary tMCS team.