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Wellness tourism has grown popular and augmented the global market due to increasing healthy lifestyles. Based on the expectancy disconfirmation theory, the study aims to determine the antecedents and significance of tourists’ revisit intention for wellness tourism. A quantitative method has been adopted. Data was collected from 361 tourists at wellness centres in Malaysia, and structural equation modelling was used to analyze the measurement and structural model. The majority of respondents are female, aged between 21 and 30, unmarried, with an average monthly income of USD 2,000. The study found that tourists’ satisfaction was influenced by perceived value from social and emotional perspectives, while their experience was shaped by their emotional and quality perception of value content. Rewards had a significant impact on both satisfaction and travel experience. Tourists were more likely to recommend a wellness vacation if they were satisfied, but it was their unique travel experience that triggered revisit intention. E-word-of-mouth played a mediating role and revealed a positive relationship between satisfaction, revisit intention, and word-of-mouth. This study demonstrated the importance of determining the underlying factors to create tourists’ revisit intention. The implications from theoretical and managerial viewpoints provide insights to scholars and practitioners to revitalize the tourism industry after COVID-19. Plain language summary Examine the factors influencing revisit intention in wellness tourism through tourists’ satisfaction, experience, and e-word-of-mouth. Wellness tourism has gained popularity and expanded in the global market due to the increasing adoption of healthy lifestyles. This study aims to explore the antecedents and significance of tourists’ intention to revisit wellness tourism destinations. Data were collected from 361 tourists at wellness centers in Malaysia. The majority of respondents were female, aged between 21 and 30, unmarried, with an average monthly income of USD 2,000. The study revealed that tourists’ satisfaction was influenced by perceived value from social and emotional perspectives. Additionally, their overall experience was shaped by their emotional response and the perceived quality of value content. Rewards were found to have a significant impact on both satisfaction and travel experience. Tourists were more likely to recommend a wellness vacation if they were satisfied, but it was their unique travel experience that triggered the intention to revisit. Furthermore, electronic word-of-mouth played a mediating role, highlighting a positive relationship between satisfaction, revisit intention, and word-of-mouth. This study underscores the importance of identifying underlying factors to foster tourists’ intention to revisit. The implications from theoretical and managerial perspectives provide valuable insights for scholars and practitioners seeking to revitalize the tourism industry post-COVID-19.

Background/purpose The aims of this study are: (1) to examine the mediating effect of teacher self-efficacy on the relationship between trust in colleagues and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB); and (2) to evaluate the moderating effect of collective efficacy on the relationships between teachers’ self-efficacy and OCB, as well as between trust in colleagues and OCB. Design/methodology/approach The cross-sectional data were based on 408 sets of usable questionnaires collected from teachers who worked in government schools in Malaysia. The partial least square structural equation modeling technique was used to test the model and hypotheses. Findings The results indicate that trust in colleagues is positively related to organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) and teacher self-efficacy. Additionally, teacher self-efficacy and OCB are also positively related. Furthermore, the relationship between trust in colleagues and OCB is partially mediated by teacher self-efficacy. Moreover, collective efficacy significantly moderates the path between teacher self-efficacy and OCB but not between trust in colleagues and OCB. Originality/value Despite earlier studies examining the relationship between trust, teacher self-efficacy, and OCB, little is known about the mediating mechanism of teacher self-efficacy and the moderating effect of collective efficacy. Thus, this present study makes significant contributions in both theoretical and practical aspects.

This research study aims to examine the mediating effect of perceived impact of sport tourism (PIST), and support for sport tourism (SSTD), and the moderating effect of tourism dependency. Data was collected from 467 local residents using a paper-based survey. Partial least squares structural equation modeling was employed to test the research model and hypotheses. The findings indicate that both place image and PIST positively influence SSTD. PIST fully mediates the relationship between knowledge about tourism and SSTD, and partially mediates the relationship between place image and SSTD. Additionally, tourism dependency moderates the relationship between place image and SSTD, as well as between PIST and SSTD. These findings highlight the significance of place image and PIST for SSTD among residents and suggest that residents with and without tourism-related businesses may perceive sport tourism development differently. The study’s findings offer valuable insights for local tourism planning and policymaking. Plain language summary How local view on place image and tourism knowledge affect support for sport tourism development, with a focus on tourism dependence This study explores how local residents perceive the impacts of sports tourism and how these perceptions influence their support for sports tourism development. It also examines whether reliance on tourism income affects these relationships. Using survey responses from 467 residents, the study found that a positive image of the local area and perceptions of sports tourism benefits encourage support for its development. Residents with more knowledge about tourism rely on their perceptions of its impacts to decide whether to support it. Additionally, those who depend on tourism income are more likely to support sports tourism, even if they recognize some negative effects. These findings provide practical insights for local residents, local authorities, and government ministries to enhance sports tourism planning by addressing community needs and promoting sustainable development. Engaging residents through community meetings and workshops fosters involvement and addresses concerns. Strategies should highlight benefits like job creation for tourism-dependent residents or improved public amenities for others. Local authorities can educate residents on the advantages of sport tourism and build partnerships to align projects with community needs. Ministries, such as Tourism and Youth & Sports, can provide funding, policy support, and guidance to ensure sustainable growth.

The main aim of this study is to examine the mediating effect of psychological capital (PsyCap) on the relationship between proactive personality and academic performance among undergraduates. A quantitative approach with a cross-sectional study was employed. The sample consisted of 390 undergraduate students from Malaysian private universities. Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modeling was used to confirm the proposed research model and test the hypotheses. Results revealed that proactive personality explained a significant proportion of the variance in PsyCap. Further, PsyCap partially mediated the relationship between proactive personality and academic performance. This study concluded that PsyCap could serve as personal resource to improve students’ academic performance. The findings of this study offer valuable theoretical and practical implications. The university’s management and academic staff need to work together to design effective training interventions and activities that can promote undergraduates’ proactive personality and PsyCap. Plain language summary This study aims to examine and understand how proactive personality and psychological capital of undergraduate students influence its academic performance. A total of 390 students participated in the survey. The data was analyzed using Smart PLS software version 3. The proposed model and hypotheses were confirmed using Partial Least Square structural equation modeling. Results indicate that psychological capital partially mediates the relationship between proactive personality and academic performance among undergraduate students. Thus, this study provides several insights to various stakeholders such as lecturers/instructors, students and university’s management on how to improve student performance.

The manufacturing industry is an indispensable part of the economy, especially for Malaysia. The manufacturing sector in Malaysia is not only transforming raw material into products, but also contributing significantly to the country’s economy. Malaysia has attained a significant position in the world by exporting its manufactured goods. However, the production services always require innovation to meet the ever-changing customer demands. With the advent of Industry 4.0, the manufacturing industry faces constant challenges such as the innovation capability of organizations, and swift and frequent shifts in the use of technology. These issues may hamper the efforts of manufacturing firms to fully participate in Industry 4.0 Malaysia. Therefore, the objective of this study is to identify the influence of knowledge-oriented leadership, electronic human resource management (E-HRM), and decentralised organisational structure on organizational innovation. The current research has adopted a quantitative method to establish the relationship between these three variables and innovation in organizations. A total of 218 samples were collected from manufacturing firms located in Malaysia. Data collected through a self-administered questionnaire was examined by using SmartPLS software. The results of this research has added to the body of knowledge in the respective field by highlighting the significance of knowledge-oriented leadership and E-HRM in predicting organizational innovation. It can further help stakeholders to plan a way forward in facing Industry 4.0 through the development of innovation competencies.

Previous research has examined various critical factors on organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) which treated OCB as a criterion variable instead of antecedent or mediator. Thus, the present study seeks to expand on research concerning OCB by examining the mediating mechanism of OCB on the relationship between trust and efficacy constructs. Questionnaires were administered to 255 public secondary school teachers in Malaysia. The key statistical results in this study reveal that OCB fully mediated the relationship between trust and teacher self-efficacy. Whereas the relationship between trust and collective efficacy was partially mediated by OCB. Similarly, collective efficacy partially mediated the link between OCB and teacher self-efficacy. This implies that OCB can be an effective mediator as well as an antecedent in the current research model. The originality of this study rests in shedding light on the interplay between OCB and efficacy constructs among teachers. It’s also highlighting the critical role of OCB and trust for improving teacher’s efficacy levels.

Purpose Health tourism is recognised as a recent new pattern of taking a break while accessing health-care services overseas. Past studies have explored this research area, but few have focussed on the theoretical perspective. Applying an appropriate theoretical model to guide interventions in planning and programme development is crucial, particularly when the focus of the study is on the cognitive mediation processes of change in individual behaviour. This study aims to examine the effectiveness of the protection motivation theory with the influence of threat appraisal and coping appraisal. The purpose is to trigger the behavioural intention to engage in international health tourism. Design/methodology/approach A total of 299 international tourists participated in the survey. The partial least squares structural equation modelling technique was used to test the research framework. Both the measurement model and the structural model were assessed as adequate. Findings The empirical results demonstrate that tourists’ high risk perception must be complemented by coping ability to produce a motivational response. Further, the adaptive behaviours of international tourists are focussed more on perceived efficacy than on the perception of threats related to behavioural intentions towards health tourism. Originality/value The study presents an effective theoretical model intervention applicable to health tourism. Future studies should conduct a more comprehensive assessment to generate strong decision-making effectiveness from the theoretical model. 健康旅游：行为意图与保护动机理论 摘要 设计/方法/路径 共有299名国际游客参加了此次调查。使用偏最小二乘结构方程建模技术来测试研究框架。测量模型和结构模型均被评估为足够。 目的 健康旅游业被公认为是最近在海外获得医疗服务时休息的新模式。过去的研究已经探索了这个研究领域, 但是很少有人关注理论观点。应用适当的理论模型来指导计划和程序开发的干预措施至关重要, 特别是当研究的重点是个人行为改变的认知中介过程时。本研究在威胁评估和应对评估的影响下检验了保护动机理论（PMT）的有效性。目的是激发从事国际健康旅游的行为意图。 结果 实证结果表明, 游客的高风险感知必须通过应对能力来补充, 以产生激励反应。此外, 国际游客的适应行为更多地集中在感知的效能上, 而不是感知与针对健康旅游的行为意图有关的威胁。 原创性/价值 该研究提出了一种适用于健康旅游的有效理论模型干预措施。未来的研究应进行更全面的评估, 以从理论模型中产生强大的决策效力。 关键词 健康旅游, 行为意图, 保护动机理论, 国际游客, 马来西亚 文章类型： 研究型论文 Título: Turismo de salud: Intención de comportamiento y teoría de la motivación de la protección Resumen Diseño/metodología/enfoque (límite 100 palabras) Un total de 299 turistas internacionales participaron en la encuesta. Se utilizó la técnica de modelización de ecuaciones estructurales por mínimos cuadrados parciales para probar el marco de investigación. Tanto el modelo de medición como el modelo estructural se consideraron adecuados. Objetivo (límite 100 palabras) El turismo de salud se reconoce como un nuevo modelo reciente de descanso para acceder a los servicios sanitarios en el extranjero. Estudios anteriores han explorado esta área de investigación, pero pocos se han centrado en la perspectiva teórica. La aplicación de un modelo teórico adecuado para guiar las intervenciones en la planificación y el desarrollo de programas es crucial, especialmente cuando el estudio se centra en los procesos de mediación cognitiva del cambio en el comportamiento individual. Este estudio examina la eficacia de la teoría de la motivación de la protección (PMT) con la influencia de la valoración de la amenaza y la valoración del afrontamiento. El objetivo es activar la intención conductual de realizar turismo sanitario internacional. Conclusiones (límite 100 palabras) Los resultados empíricos demuestran que la percepción de alto riesgo de los turistas debe complementarse con la capacidad de afrontamiento para producir una respuesta motivacional. Además, los comportamientos adaptativos de los turistas internacionales se centran más en la eficacia percibida, que en la percepción de las amenazas relacionadas con las intenciones de comportamiento hacia el turismo de salud. Originalidad/valor (límite 100 palabras) El estudio presenta un modelo teórico de intervención eficaz aplicable al turismo de salud. Futuros estudios deberían realizar una evaluación más exhaustiva para generar mayor eficacia en la toma de decisiones a partir del modelo teórico. Palabras clave Turismo de salud; Intención de comportamiento; Teoría de la motivación de la protección; Turistas internacionales; Malasia Tipo de papel Trabajo de investigación

Background Organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) is a non-compulsory but beneficial behavior for effective organizational operation. OCB can be largely determined by the type of leadership style, among which responsible leadership has been attracting considerable attention in the organizational context nowadays. The objective of this study was to examine the parallel mediating effect of gratitude and organizational identification between responsible leadership and OCB among the academic staff in China. Methods This study employed a cross-sectional design by distributing self-administrative questionnaires to 317 faculty members from higher education institutions in China. SmartPLS 4.0 statistical software was employed to perform Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modelling, in which hypotheses were tested. Results The findings indicated that responsible leadership had a positive direct relationship with employees’ gratitude and organizational identification but not with OCB. Meanwhile, gratitude and organizational identification were found to improve OCB significantly. Furthermore, the results revealed that gratitude and organizational identification functioned as mediators between responsible leadership and OCB. Conclusions This study theoretically expanded existing research by employing a parallel mediation model between responsible leadership and OCB within an Asian higher education setting. Moreover, this study also presented practical suggestions for management and policymakers to devise strategies that can cultivate responsible leadership in higher education institutions to enhance employees’ gratitude and organizational identification, ultimately promoting OCB.

The aim of this study is twofold. First, we investigate the mediating role of trust in principals in the relationship between organizational justice and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). Second, we examine the moderating effect of self-efficacy between organizational justice and OCB as well as between trust in principals and OCB. A total of 467 teachers participated voluntarily in this survey. Partial least square structural equation modeling was employed to analyze the proposed research model and hypotheses. Based on the results, we discovered that trust in principals significantly mediates the relationship between organizational justice and OCB. Besides, the relationship between trust in principals and OCB is more pronounced among teachers with higher self-efficacy. Conversely, the impact of organizational justice on OCB is more significant among teachers with lower self-efficacy. These key findings have several implications for both practical applications and theoretical considerations, providing valuable insights for stakeholders.

This study aims to enhance the understanding of how servant leadership (SL) influences organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) in the specific context of Chinese private enterprises. Applying social exchange theory, social identity theory, and psychological contract theory, this study examines not only the mediating roles of relational identification and perceived organizational support (POS) but also how workplace loneliness negatively moderates the sequential mediating effect of SL on OCB. The analyzed survey included 335 employees from private enterprises in Zhejiang Province, China. Partial least squares structural equation modeling results show that relational identification and POS sequentially mediate the relationship between SL and OCB. Moreover, workplace loneliness significantly moderated these relationships. By presenting a framework that captures sequence mediation and includes a moderator, this study not only contributes methodologically to its field of study but also extends the literature by providing critical theoretical and practical insights for leadership and organizational behavior studies.