Explore the vast range of titles available.

We present stellar rotation periods for late K- and early M-dwarf members of the 4 Gyr old open cluster M67 as calibrators for gyrochronology and tests of stellar spin-down models. Using Gaia EDR3 astrometry for cluster membership and Pan-STARRS (PS1) photometry for binary identification, we build this set of rotation periods from a campaign of monitoring M67 with the Canada–France–Hawaii Telescope’s MegaPrime wide-field imager. We identify 1807 members of M67, of which 294 are candidate single members with significant rotation period detections. Moreover, we fit a polynomial to the period versus color-derived effective temperature sequence observed in our data. We find that the rotation of very cool dwarfs can be explained by simple solid-body spin-down between 2.7 and 4 Gyr. We compare this rotational sequence to the predictions of gyrochronological models and find that the best match is Skumanich-like spin-down, P rot ∝ t 0.62, applied to the sequence of Ruprecht 147. This suggests that, for spectral types K7–M0 with near-solar metallicity, once a star resumes spinning down, a simple Skumanich-like relation is sufficient to describe their rotation evolution, at least through the age of M67. Additionally, for stars in the range M1–M3, our data show that spin-down must have resumed prior to the age of M67, in conflict with the predictions of the latest spin-down models.

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to describe a framework designed to assess the capacity of a knowledge management (KM) system to facilitate new knowledge creation.Design methodology approach - A longitudinal case study methodology, in a single company, Pratt Whitney Rocketdyne (PWR), was used to test the framework.Findings - New knowledge creation is best supported through mature KM systems that include all four modes of knowledge creation: combination, externalization, socialization, and internalization. KM systems and environments as a whole reach maturity by progressing through stages, which is presented as a KM maturity model.Research limitations implications - By combining Nonaka's knowledge creation theory with Wittrock's generative learning activities, the paper illuminates both the why and how of new knowledge creation, in a way that can be applied to KM technological initiatives. One of the limitations of this study is the generalizability of the findings, which may be limited by the single case study method used.Practical implications - The framework provides a rubric against which both old and new KM initiatives can be assessed to determine whether they are capable of generating new knowledge. The maturity model provides a template against which organizations can map their progress towards a mature KM environment.Originality value - Much of the literature on KM systems has focused on capturing knowledge and disseminating it. Few studies have provided practical, theoretically based advice on how to create new knowledge and what aspects of information systems can facilitate that creation. The framework and maturity model can serve as guides in that process.

We present the first discoveries from Keck Observations in the Infrared of Taurus and ρ Oph Exoplanets and Ultracool dwarfs (KOINTREAU), an adaptive optics imaging survey of young stars in the Taurus and ρ Oph star-forming regions using the Keck infrared pyramid wavefront sensor. We have found two faint (ΔK∼7 mag), wide-separation companions to two ≈3 Myr old Taurus members. Relative astrometry for these systems shows that both companions are bound to their host stars. We obtained near-infrared spectra of these companions using the Infrared Telescope Facility/SpeX (R ∼100) and the Gemini North InfraRed Spectrograph (Gemini/GNIRS; R ∼ 1000–2000), and combined these with photometry from our NIRC2 imaging, the Pan-STARRS survey, and Spitzer/IRAC archival imaging to constrain their properties. One companion, KOINTREAU-1b (at a projected separation of 690 au), has an average near-infrared spectral type of M9 ± 2, a gravity classification of vl-g, and a changing spectral type between the SpeX (M7) and GNIRS (L1) observations. We estimate this object’s mass to be 10.6−2.3+2.5 MJup, making KOINTREAU-1b the fifth planetary-mass companion found in Taurus. The other companion, KOINTREAU-2b (projected separation 560 au), has a spectral type of M4.5 ± 1 but is ≈4 mag underluminous relative to other Taurus stars of the same spectral type. We detect exceptionally strong He I 1.083 μm emission from this object, indicative of outflows driven by ongoing accretion, but with a conspicuous lack of accompanying H emission. We conclude that KOINTREAU-2b is a young star obscured by an edge-on disk and observed in scattered light. Finally, we derive a distortion solution for NIRC2 imaging, which shows a 0 .° 118 difference in position angle from the previous distortion solution.

BackgroundLittle is known about optimisation of electronic health records (EHRs) systems in the hospital setting while adoption of EHR systems continues in the United States.ObjectiveTo understand optimisation processes of EHR systems undertaken in leading healthcare organisations in the United States.MethodsInformed by a grounded theory approach, a qualitative study was undertaken that involved 11 in-depth interviews and a focus group with the EHR experts from the high performing healthcare organisations across the United States.ResultsThe study describes EHR optimisation processes characterised by prioritising exponentially increasing requests with predominant focus on improving efficiency of EHR, building optimisation teams or advisory groups and standardisation. The study discusses 16 types of optimisation that interdependently produced 16 results along with identifying 11 barriers and 20 facilitators to optimisation.ConclusionsThe study describes overall experiences of optimising EHRs in select high performing healthcare organisations in the US. The findings highlight the importance of optimising the EHR after, and even before, go-live and dedicating resources exclusively for optimisation.

Colonoscopy has been widely regarded as the gold standard for its high diagnostic accuracy and preventive potential. However, its invasive nature, high cost, and suboptimal participation rates limit its utility at the population level. Non-invasive screening tests, notably the fecal immunochemical test (FIT) and multitarget stool DNA tests, present promising alternatives that may improve screening participation and reduce barriers to participation. Among these, FIT has demonstrated a consistent advantage in enhancing participation, which subsequently contributes to better long-term outcomes in CRC prevention. FIT-based two-step screening offers several practical advantages, including cost-effectiveness, non-invasiveness, and greater flexibility. Moreover, the quantitative nature of FIT allows for adjustable sensitivity thresholds and the ability of risk stratification, making it adaptable across diverse populations and scenarios. Through serial testing, FIT can increase cumulative detection rates over time. This approach facilitates the identification of high-risk individuals, allowing for more judicious use of colonoscopy resources and reducing unnecessary invasive procedures, especially among low-risk populations. Notably, evidence indicates that participation to FIT-based screening is consistently higher than to colonoscopy, which enhances the detection of early-stage cancers and advanced adenomas in the long run. Given the constraints of limited endoscopic capacity, the aging population, and the recent lowering of the recommended screening age due to the rising incidence of early-onset CRC, FIT emerges as a practical, flexible solution. The role of two-step FIT screening in improving participation and enabling risk-stratified, personalized approaches to CRC prevention is pivotal, advocating for its expanded integration into future screening paradigms.

Enterprise IT organizations face a chronic undersupply of trained programming professionals leading to an application supply-demand disequilibrium. To address this unmet need, Generative AI (GenAI) and Low-Code Development Platforms (LCDP) are maturing and making application development by non-professional programmers a viable possibility. Using GenAI and LCDPs, “Citizen Developers” can rapidly develop and deploy applications to deliver business functionality using IT-sanctioned platforms. However, several issues need to be considered before Citizen Developers can safely produce usable applications. GenAI as an application development platform is a recent phenomenon with limited experiential data as to its viability: therefore, our paper presents a case study of the five-year journey that one enterprise took to implement a LCDP, recounting the successes and challenges in adopting the platform.

Wavefront sensing and control are important for enabling one of the key advantages of using large apertures, namely higher angular resolution. Pyramid wavefront sensors are becoming commonplace in new instrument designs owing to their superior sensitivity. However, one remaining roadblock to their widespread use is the fabrication of the pyramidal optic. This complex optic is challenging to fabricate due to the pyramid tip, where four planes need to intersect at a single point. Thus far, only a handful of these have been produced due to the low yields and long lead times. To address this, we present an alternative implementation of the pyramid wavefront sensor which relies instead on two roof prisms. Such prisms are easy and inexpensive to source. We demonstrate the successful operation of the roof prism pyramid wavefront sensor on an 8 m class telescope, at visible and near-infrared wavelengths, for the first time using a SAPHIRA HgCdTe detector without modulation for a laboratory demonstration, and elucidate how this sensor can be used more widely on wavefront control test benches and instruments.

Direct imaging studies have mainly used low-resolution spectroscopy (R ∼ 20–100) to study the atmospheres of giant exoplanets and brown dwarf companions, but the presence of clouds has often led to degeneracies in the retrieved atmospheric abundances (e.g., carbon-to-oxygen ratio, metallicity). This precludes clear insights into the formation mechanisms of these companions. The Keck Planet Imager and Characterizer (KPIC) uses adaptive optics and single-mode fibers to transport light into NIRSPEC (R ∼ 35,000 in the K band), and aims to address these challenges with high-resolution spectroscopy. Using an atmospheric retrieval framework based on petitRADTRANS, we analyze the KPIC high-resolution spectrum (2.29–2.49 μm) and the archival low-resolution spectrum (1–2.2 μm) of the benchmark brown dwarf HD 4747 B (m = 67.2 ± 1.8 M Jup, a = 10.0 ± 0.2 au, T eff ≈ 1400 K). We find that our measured C/O and metallicity for the companion from the KPIC high-resolution spectrum agree with those of its host star within 1σ–2σ. The retrieved parameters from the K-band high-resolution spectrum are also independent of our choice of cloud model. In contrast, the retrieved parameters from the low-resolution spectrum are highly sensitive to our chosen cloud model. Finally, we detect CO, H2O, and CH4 (volume-mixing ratio of log(CH4) = −4.82 ± 0.23) in this L/T transition companion with the KPIC data. The relative molecular abundances allow us to constrain the degree of chemical disequilibrium in the atmosphere of HD 4747 B, and infer a vertical diffusion coefficient that is at the upper limit predicted from mixing length theory.

Based on the social capital theory, this study argues that intellectual capital, defined as knowledge and capabilities within the organization, significantly affect hospital performance. This study examines the impact of intellectual capital on four key hospitals’ performance metrics, i.e. quality, productivity, length of stay, and satisfaction. Using a sample of 34 hospital facilities’ operational reports to construct hospital performance and individual-level survey of 143 individuals across these 34 facilities to construct intellectual capital during 2018, this study finds that intellectual capital significantly increases employee productivity and reduces patient stay length. This study contributes to the literature by providing evidence that intellectual capital plays an important role in reducing bottleneck for hospitals to meet increasing demand in healthcare services.

Wavefront sensing and control are important for enabling one of the key advantages of using large apertures, namely higher angular resolution. Pyramid wavefront sensors are becoming commonplace in new instrument designs owing to their superior sensitivity. However, one remaining roadblock to their widespread use is the fabrication of the pyramidal optic. This complex optic is challenging to fabricate due to the pyramid tip, where four planes need to intersect at a single point. Thus far, only a handful of these have been produced due to the low yields and long lead times. To address this, we present an alternative implementation of the pyramid wavefront sensor which relies instead on two roof prisms. Such prisms are easy and inexpensive to source. We demonstrate the successful operation of the roof prism pyramid wavefront sensor on an 8 m class telescope, at visible and nearinfrared wavelengths, for the first time using a SAPHIRA HgCdTe detector without modulation for a laboratory demonstration, and elucidate how this sensor can be used more widely on wavefront control test benches and instruments.