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This paper delves into the fusion of artificial intelligence (AI) and emotional intelligence (EQ) by analyzing the frameworks of international sustainability agendas driven by UNESCO, WEF, and UNICEF. It explores the potential of AI integrated with EQ to effectively address the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), with a focus on education, healthcare, and environmental sustainability. The integration of EQ into AI use is pivotal in using AI to improve educational outcomes and health services, as emphasized by UNESCO and UNICEF’s significant initiatives. This paper highlights the evolving role of AI in understanding and managing human emotions, particularly in personalizing education and healthcare. It proposes that the ethical use of AI, combined with EQ principles, has the power to transform societal interactions and decision-making processes, leading to a more inclusive, sustainable, and healthier global community. Furthermore, this paper considers the ethical dimensions of AI deployment, guided by UNESCO’s recommendations on AI ethics, which advocate for transparency, accountability, and inclusivity in AI developments. It also examines the World Economic Forum’s insights into AI’s potential to revolutionize learning and healthcare in underserved populations, emphasizing the significance of fair AI advancements. By integrating perspectives from prominent global organizations, this paper offers a strategic approach to combining AI with EQ, enhancing the capacity of AI systems to meaningfully address global challenges. In conclusion, this paper advocates for the establishment of a new Sustainable Development Goal, SDG 18, focused on the ethical integration of AI and EQ across all sectors, ensuring that technology advances the well-being of humanity and global sustainability.

Sustainable mental health and wellbeing (MHW), as addressed under SDG3, is crucial for achieving sustainable development, notably for sustainable SMEs growth. MWH is specifically interlinked with SDGs 8, 9 and 11: Economic growth and prosperity, sustainable communities, innovation, and jobs. Studies show over 200 million workdays are lost due to poor MHW each year, referring to the global cost of $1 trillion/year in lost productivity and it is increasing every year. Poor workplace MWH is almost an epidemic after COVID-19. It will be a significant challenge for a long time, in particular for SMEs which are hit hardest by the pandemic, as MHW problems have been shown to be a COVID side effect among 1:5 people. Despite the multifactorial aetiology of MHW (individual, social, environmental, and organizational), interventions for workplace MHW mostly refer to ‘one size fits all’ and top-down solutions, primarily asking for the commitment and behaviour change of employees; that has shown to be ineffective. The main assumption underlying the present work is the need for a proactive and tailored MHW frameworks that can be blended to organizational policies. The objective which corresponds to the main purpose of the paper is to provide a 5-staged MWH model, stemming from our evidence-based studies, that may speak for the identified need. We also discuss how the Model can provide a route map on how SMEs can implement and measure SDGs relevant to their business in synergistic interaction with SDG3.

Obesity, dental caries and periodontal diseases are among major public health concerns which may affect children’s growth and development. This study seeks any clustering between obesity, oral health and life-style factors among school children in Istanbul, Turkey. A cross-sectional study of children, 10- to 12-year-olds, from a public and a private school was undertaken with questionnaires for children and their mothers and child oral health data, in Istanbul ( n  = 611). DMFS (number of decayed, missing and filled surfaces of permanent teeth), CPI (Community Periodontal Index), body mass index (BMI) and life-style factors (tooth-brushing frequency, milk consumption at breakfast and bedtimes on school nights) of children were examined. Data analysis included factor analysis, Student’s t test and Chi-square tests by cross-tabulation. Public school children were more dentally diseased but less obese than were those in private school ( P  < 0.001). They more frequently had calculus (62%) and reported non-recommended tooth-brushing (68%) than did those in private school (37%, 56%; P  < 0.05). Principal component analysis revealed that DMFS, CPI and BMI shared the same cluster among all children. A need exists for addressing obesity, oral health and nutrition jointly in health promotion strategies to improve children’s well-being and empower good life-style factors.

The present study aims to assess how patient satisfaction with medical provider-patient communication can affect oral health, diabetes, and psychobehavioural measures among type 2 diabetes (T2DM) patients. It is part of a prospective intervention study among randomly selected T2DM patients, in Turkey. The data analyzed were Community Periodontal Need Index (CPI), HbA1c, patient satisfaction with communication, and psychobehavioural variables. Data was collected initially and at the end of the intervention. The participants were allocated to either health coaching (HC) or health education (HE). At baseline, there were no statistical differences between the HC and the HE groups on any of the measures (P>0.05). Patients in both the HC and the HE groups had low satisfaction with communication. At postintervention, the increase in patient satisfaction with communication in the HC group was significantly higher than that in the HE group (P=0.001). Principal component analysis revealed that patient satisfaction with communication shared the same cluster with clinical measures (CPI and HbA1c) and quality of life in the HC group. In conclusion, the present study showed, to our knowledge for the first time, that overall patient satisfaction with medical care provider-patient communication, empowered by HC approach, was interrelated with well-being of T2DM patients, in terms of psychobehavioural and clinical measures.

Introduction: People in Scottish prisons (PSP) have poorer health than the general population. The promotion of health and wellbeing in prisons is a central aim of Scottish Government policy. Objective: This study was aimed at designing, implementing and evaluating person-centered health coaching (HC) training to improve PSP´s health and related psycho-social skills.Methods: PSP were trained as health coaches, as part of National Health Service (NHS) Scotland’s oral health prison intervention, termed Mouth Matters (MMs). A unit of MM involving HC is named PEPSCOT. Here PSP were trained by a qualified coach over a three-month period to become health coaches; 8, 4 and 4 whole day training took place respectively during the first, second, third month of training. Self-assessment questionnaires and diaries were used before, during and after the HC training to test the extent to which HC works to improve PSP´s health and related psycho-social variables. The outcome measures analyzed in the present study were self-assessed health and behaviors, self-efficacy, self-esteem, depression, and usefulness of the program. Follow-up data will be collected in September 2016 for further assessment of the impact of HC.Results: The baseline data showed that the majority of the participants were from low socio-economic status, and reported a moderate level of health. Data showed later that when compared with baseline levels two of the outcome variables (self-esteem and self-efficacy) improved significantly (p<0.001) at the mid-training point, and that all four outcome variables (also including self-assessed health and depression) improved significantly (at least p<0.05) at the completion of training. Participants’ positive evaluation of the training was significantly correlated with improved health and psychological measures (p<0.05).Conclusions: Health Coaching training represents a new person-centered approach that appears to enhance self-assessed health, mood, self-esteem and self-efficacy among prisoners in Scotland, and also to enable transitions from negative to positive concerning beliefs, values, and self-evaluations. There is however a need for further studies at a larger scale.

Health Coaching (HC), a patient-empowerment focused approach, is guided and supported by the medical professional, to facilitate patient to explore, unlock and activate his/her self-potential to adopt healthy lifestyles. HC, a whole person and also a population-based approach, can be defined as a system-wide innovation aiming positive social change. A NHS review showed that there is promising evidence about HC, particularly for supporting behaviour change. HC in our international intervention project, to our knowledge, is used for the first time as a holistic health promotion approach for oral health and diabetes type 2 (T2DM) management; in line with IDF-FDI (2007) declaration stating that oral health promotion should be part of diabetes management. The aim of the present study is to assess the effectiveness of HC on oral health and T2DM management by use of clinical (HbA1c, periodontal health) and subjective measures (satisfaction with access to health care, frequency of physical activity, toothbrushing and dental visit) among T2DM patients. Our study`s preliminary results show that at post-intervention there was a significant reduction at HbA1c (Turkey:0.7%, Denmark:0.4%, p=0.001) in HC groups. The figures for HE groups were non-significant. Daily toothbrushing was correlated with change at HbA1c and regular physical activity in HC groups. Person-centered approach focusing on multidisciplinary collaboration is essential to improve the whole well-being of individual in daily life, and thereby the society, in line with WHO 2014 Geneva Declaration. HC, a promising new approach, can speak as one of the key implementations/approaches at health care-settings to meet this essentiality.  

Objectives The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between tooth loss, toothbrushing behaviour, diabetes type 2 (DM2), obesity and sleep apnea among diabetics. Material and methods DM2 patients ( n  = 165) in Istanbul, Turkey, were randomly selected from the outpatient clinics of two hospitals. Baseline clinical measurements (HbA1c, fasting blood glucose, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), body mass index (BMI), body-fat proportion, tooth loss) and self-administered questionnaires (toothbrushing, gingival bleeding, sleep apnea) provided data for factor and principal component analysis with Varimax rotation. Univariate statistics and chi-square tests were derived. Results Mean maxillary tooth loss (4.49 ± 3.69 teeth) was higher than in the mandible (3.43 ± 3.12 teeth, p < 0.001). Favourable HDL was measured among most patients (77 %); other favourable clinical measures occurred only in a minority of participants (HbA1c, 28 %; fasting blood glucose, 17 %; LDL, 30 %). Twice daily toothbrushing was reported by 33 % (17 %) for healthy BMI; 37 % when healthy body-fat proportions. There was risk of sleep apnea in 37 %. The higher number of lost teeth in the maxilla was linked with obesity and sleep apnea. Non-daily toothbrushers were more likely to have high LDL and low HDL cholesterol and a higher risk of sleep apnea. When “at least occasionally” bleeding on toothbrushing occurred, higher HbA1c levels and sleep apnea were more likely. Conclusion Oral care with early diagnosis and monitoring of glycaemic level can help prevent complications of DM2. Clinical relevance Dentists may play a key role in better managing and diagnosing sleep apnea early by referring the patients with severe tooth loss and periodontal disease for general medical examination.

Objectives This study is the first to our knowledge that aims to evaluate the impact of Health Coaching (HC) compared to Health Education (HE) on oral health and diabetes management among patients with diabetes type II (DM2). Material and methods The study is part of a prospective intervention among randomly selected DM2 patients ( n  = 186), Istanbul, Turkey. The data analyzed were Community Periodontal Need Index (CPI) and HbA1c (glycated hemoglobin percentage). Data was collected initially and at the end of the intervention. The participants, both attending oral examinations and filing out questionnaires ( n  = 179), were allocated to HC ( n  = 77) and HE ( n  = 102) groups by means of a block table of random numbers. Results At baseline, there was no statistical difference between HC and HE groups in terms of CPI and HbA1c ( p  > 0.05). At postintervention, the HC group had significantly lower CPI and HbA1C than the HE group ( p  < 0.01). There was a significant reduction at HbA1c (0.8 %) and CPI (74 %) in HC group (p < 0.05). The impact of HE on CPI was less significant (21 % reduction) ( p  = 0.001); however, it was not significant on HbA1c ( p  = 0.68). The improvement at CPI from baseline to postintervention had significant impact on reduced HbA1c in the HC group ( p  < 0.05). Conclusions and clinical relevance The present findings imply that HC has a significantly higher impact on better management of diabetes and oral health when compared to formal HE. This calls for the use of HC by dentists, physicians, and diabetes educators in order to improve quality of life of DM2 patients by facilitating better oral health and diabetes self-management.