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"Coates, Paul"
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Dietary Supplements: Regulatory Challenges and Research Resources
Many of the scientific and regulatory challenges that exist in research on the safety, quality and efficacy of dietary supplements are common to all countries as the marketplace for them becomes increasingly global. This article summarizes some of the challenges in supplement science and provides a case study of research at the Office of Dietary Supplements at the National Institutes of Health, USA, along with some resources it has developed that are available to all scientists. It includes examples of some of the regulatory challenges faced and some resources for those who wish to learn more about them.
Journal Article
The vitamin D paradox in Black Americans: a systems-based approach to investigating clinical practice, research, and public health - expert panel meeting report
The Office of Dietary Supplements, the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, the National Institute on Aging, and the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, all components of the U.S. National Institutes of Health, co-sponsored an expert panel meeting to discuss the vitamin D paradox in Black Americans. The paradox is that despite markedly low (or “deficient”) measures of vitamin D status in Black Americans, the incidence of falls, fractures, or osteopenia are significantly lower compared to White American counterparts with similar vitamin D status. Six panelists were invited to engage in guided discussions on the state of the science with respect to key knowledge gaps impacting vitamin D status and bone health. They were also asked to reflect on best approaches for advancing the science.
A central theme throughout the discussions was that there may be many factors that impact Vitamin D levels in Black Americans and understanding these factors may be key to understanding mechanisms for improving bone health in all populations. Data presented showed that although adiposity, skin pigmentation, vitamin D binding protein polymorphisms, and genetics all contributed to differences in 25(OH)D levels in Black vs. White Americans, no one factor alone could fully explain the vitamin D paradox in Black Americans. However, the panelists did agree that the paradox is significant and warrants further investigation. There was consensus that Black Americans gained no skeletal benefits from high doses of vitamin D supplementation, and that high levels of the biomarker of vitamin D status, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D or 25(OH)D, in this population are almost certain to result in adverse effects. Some panelists proposed that additional studies are needed so that the Institute of Medicine (IOM) can better define the safe upper limits of vitamin D intake in this and other subpopulations. Others suggested a need for better, more generalizable biomarkers of bone health to advance the science.
Journal Article
Cinema and colour : the saturated image
\"A study of the use of color in film, and of the ways in which color has been theorized, both as a concept and specifically in terms of cinema. Paul Coates unpacks the use of color in a diverse range of films such as All that Heaven Allows, The Wizard of Oz, Three Colours and The Lives of Others, and many more\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Programming.Architecture
Programming.Architecture is a simple and concise introduction to the history of computing and computational design, explaining the basics of algorithmic thinking and the use of the computer as a tool for design and architecture.
Paul Coates, a pioneer of CAAD, demonstrates algorithmic thinking through projects and student work collated through his years of teaching students of computing and design. The book takes a detailed and practical look at what the techniques and philosophy of coding entail, and gives the reader many \"glimpses under the hood\" in the form of code snippets and examples of algorithms.
This is essential reading for student and professional architects and designers interested in how the development of computers has influenced the way we think about, and design for, the built environment.
Paul Coates is Senior Lecturer at the University of East London (UEL). He is also Programme leader of the MSc Architecture: Computing and design programme and Head of CECA (the Centre for Evolutionary Computing in Architecture), a research centre at the School of Architecture and the Visual Arts, UEL.
Introduction 1. Falling Between Two Stools 2. Rethinking Representation 3. In the Beginning was the Word 4. The Mystery of the Machine that Invents Itself 5. Evolving the Text - Being even Lazier 6. The Text of the Vernacular. Epilogue. Glossary
\" Programming Architecture is a good book. It makes an invaluable contribution to the field of generative design. I recommend this book to designers interested in the history of computing and computational design and to computer experts in genetic programming interested to explore a new field of application such as architectural design.\" – Benachir Medjdoub, Genetic Programming and Evolvable Machines
eBook
Special Issue “BIM Implementation to Meet the Changing Demands of the Construction Industry”
Effective Building Information Modelling implementation continues to evolve, aligning itself to the changing needs of the construction industry [...]
Journal Article
Doubling, distance and identification in the cinema
\"The intention of this project is to argue theoretically for, and exemplify through critical and historical analysis, the interrelatedness of discourses on scale, distance, identification and doubling in the cinema. The link between the first two terms (scale and distance) and the latter two (identification and doubling) is implicit in the title, and its unfolding constitutes the project: for instance, the closer one comes, the deeper identification is likely to be, and the greater the likelihood that what is apparently 'there' will impose itself as also 'here', existing both inside and outside the viewing psyche, which becomes double, and whose doubling may either become explicit or remain implicit in the text. Along with its collapsing of interiority/exteriority distinctions, doubling reveals the reversibility and ambiguity of scale, as what is 'there' could just as well have been situated 'here'. The book contains analyses of a wide variety of films, including Citizen Kane, The Double Life of Veronique, The Great Gatsby, Gilda, Vertigo and Wings of Desire. \"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Analysis of Procurement Routes and Contract Types for Housing Retrofit in the United Kingdom
The study focused on the procurement routes and the forms of contract, currently used in the UK housing retrofit industry. Importantly, the contracts between the clients and the contractors were investigated. This study used a qualitative approach with a critical literature review and semi-structured interview data collection for the methodology. The findings show that the housing retrofit industry does not use any standard form of contract in general. Most contractors use guarantees, warranties, and invoices instead of standard forms of contract. They usually use bespoke contracts if contract administration is required. This is because there is nothing wrong with the existing way of addressing contract administration in retrofit. As the UK needs to retrofit 30.1 million houses, there can be contractual disputes aggregating to 8.1 million properties or GBP 221.4 billion project value. The study recommends using standard forms of contract to avoid and reduce the detrimental effects of contractual disputes in housing retrofit in the future.
Journal Article