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"Cohen, Amy"
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Shakespeare in the light : essays in honor of Ralph Alan Cohen
\"Shakespeare in the Light convenes an accomplished group of scholars, actors, and teachers to celebrate the legacy of American Shakespeare Center's founder, Ralph Alan Cohen. Each essay pivots off a production at the ASC's Blackfriars Playhouse to explore the performance of Shakespeare's plays under their original theatrical conditions\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Prefigurative Legality
Since the early 2000s, many of the left groups that spurred the alt-globalization movement have embraced directly democratic organizing and the creation of ethical relationships and subjectivities far more than they have pursued projects to reform legal and political institutions. These practices are often described as prefigurative because people are working to build alternative possible futures in the here-and-now outside of dominant statist and capitalist rationalities. In this essay, we ask if prefiguration can also involve imagining legal forms anew. Drawing on Amelia Thorpe, Owning the Street: The Everyday Life of Property (2020), we discuss contemporary efforts to use the language, form, and legitimacy of law to imagine it otherwise, efforts that occur through various kinds of direct actions rather than primarily through appeals to courts, legislators, or other state officials. In so doing, we point to an emergent field of critical and sociolegal scholarship that we call prefigurative legality.
Journal Article
Economics after neoliberalism
Economics is in a state of \"creative ferment,\" according to lead authors Suresh Naidu, Dani Rodrik, and Gabriel Zucman. A decade after the Great Recession, they argue for a new brand of economics, one divorced from market fundamentalism and focused instead on a more inclusive society. Responses to their ideas--which come from economists, philosophers, political scientists, and policymakers across the political spectrum--showcase just how passionate the debate over the future of economics has become. -- Publishers website
Book
Using cognitive load theory to evaluate and improve preparatory materials and study time for the flipped classroom
Background
Preclinical medical education is content-dense and time-constrained. Flipped classroom approaches promote durable learning, but challenges with unsatisfactory student preparation and high workload remain. Cognitive load theory defines instructional design as “efficient” if learners can master the presented concepts without cognitive overload. We created a PReparatory Evaluation Process (PREP) to systematically assess and measure improvement in the cognitive-load efficiency of preparatory materials and impact on study time (time-efficiency).
Methods
We conducted this study in a flipped, multidisciplinary course for ~ 170 first year students at Harvard Medical School using a naturalistic post-test design. For each flipped session (n = 97), we assessed cognitive load and preparatory study time by administering a 3-item PREP survey embedded within a short subject-matter quiz students completed before class. Over three years (2017–2019), we evaluated cognitive load- and time- based efficiency to guide iterative revisions of the materials by content experts. The ability of PREP to detect changes to the instructional design (sensitivity) was validated through a manual audit of the materials.
Results
The average survey response rate was ≥ 94%. Content expertise was not required to interpret PREP data. Initially students did not necessarily allocate the most study time to the most difficult content. Over time, the iterative changes in instructional design increased the cognitive load- and time-based efficiency of preparatory materials with large effect sizes (
p
< .01). Furthermore, this increased the overall alignment of cognitive load with study time: students allocated more time to difficult content away from more familiar, less difficult content without increasing workload overall.
Conclusions
Cognitive load and time constraints are important parameters to consider when designing curricula. The PREP process is learner-centered, grounded in educational theory, and works independently of content knowledge. It can provide rich and actionable insights into instructional design of flipped classes not captured by traditional satisfaction-based evaluations.
Journal Article
Black History in the Philadelphia Landscape
Black Philadelphians have shaped Philadelphia history since colonial times.In Black History in the Philadelphia Landscape , Amy Cohen recounts notable aspects of the Black experience in Philadelphia from the late 1600s to the 1960s and how this history is marked in the contemporary city.
eBook
Negotiating the Value Chain
To enhance the welfare of smallholder farmers, development agencies increasingly promote “value chain agriculture” where farmers partner with more powerful entities, such as corporations and nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), to create new sources of economic value. Via a qualitative study of how small farmers negotiate with the buyers of retail and agribusiness corporations in India, this article explores why the promise of value creation can appear so elusive on the ground. It makes two primary contributions. For global value chain scholars, it illustrates how studying value chains “below” the level of the firm illuminates complex ways in which new pathways for economic development are constrained by actually existing local economies—and how these local economies, rather than easily replaced, shape what counts as a source of value for small farmers. For negotiation scholars, it illustrates how, in some contexts, an equitable distribution of risk and social relationships may need to precede anything we call value creation.
Journal Article
Trauma and the Welfare State: A Genealogy of Prostitution Courts in New York City
At least since the early twentieth century, informal specialized prostitution courts have tried to double as social welfare agencies. For this reason, prostitution courts illustrate in particularly explicit ways how public welfare administration and criminal court administration share similar ideas and practices and how these ideas and practices reinvent themselves over time. This Article traces three moments of prostitution court reform in New York City: the New York Women's Court that opened in Manhattan in 1910, the Midtown Community Court that opened in Manhattan in 1993, and four new prostitution courts that opened in New York City in 2013. It examines how court reformers in each moment used informal procedure to promote social welfare, social control, and individual responsibility, and it ties each approach to changing conceptions of the American welfare state. Ultimately, the Article argues that the genealogy of prostitution courts illuminates for the present how court reformers are using the language of trauma to negotiate the welfare logics of today.
Journal Article
Evidence-based interventions implemented in low-and middle-income countries for sickle cell disease management: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials
Despite ~90% of sickle cell disease (SCD) occurring in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs), the vast majority of people are not receiving evidence-based interventions (EBIs) to reduce SCD-related adverse outcomes and mortality, and data on implementation research outcomes (IROs) and SCD is limited. This study aims to synthesize available data on EBIs for SCD and assess IROs.
We conducted a systematic review of RCTs reporting on EBIs for SCD management implemented in LMICs. We identified articles from PubMed/Medline, Global Health, PubMed Central, Embase, Web of Science medical subject heading (MeSH and Emtree) and keywords, published from inception through February 23, 2020, and conducted an updated search through December 24, 2020. We provide intervention characteristics for each study, EBI impact on SCD, and evidence of reporting on IROs.
29 RCTs were analyzed. EBIs identified included disease modifying agents, supportive care agents/analgesics, anti-malarials, systemic treatments, patient/ provider education, and nutritional supplements. Studies using disease modifying agents, nutritional supplements, and anti-malarials reported improvements in pain crisis, hospitalization, children's growth and reduction in severity and prevalence of malaria. Two studies reported on the sustainability of supplementary arginine, citrulline, and daily chloroquine and hydroxyurea for SCD patients. Only 13 studies (44.8%) provided descriptions that captured at least three of the eight IROs. There was limited reporting of acceptability, feasibility, fidelity, cost and sustainability.
EBIs are effective for SCD management in LMICs; however, measurement of IROs is scarce. Future research should focus on penetration of EBIs to inform evidence-based practice and sustainability in the context of LMICs.
This review is registered in PROSPERO #CRD42020167289.
Journal Article
Predictors of Functioning and Recovery Among Men and Women Veterans with Schizophrenia
Gender differences may play a role in functional outcomes for individuals with schizophrenia. To better understand differences, an exploratory secondary analysis was conducted using data from a large, multi-site study of individuals with schizophrenia in treatment at Veterans Affairs medical centers. Participants completed surveys at baseline (n = 801; 734 men, 67 women) to assess demographics, symptoms, social supports, and recovery; and one year (n = 662; 604 men, 58 women) to assess quality of life and functioning. Hierarchical linear regressions examined interactions of baseline factors with functioning and quality of life. Women and men did not differ significantly in baseline social support, psychiatric symptoms, or recovery. Female gender predicted higher occupational functioning, while social functioning in men was inversely related to baseline symptom severity. Being married predicted higher quality of life for women, but not men. These findings may inform gender tailoring of services for schizophrenia.
Journal Article
Improving Weight in People with Serious Mental Illness: The Effectiveness of Computerized Services with Peer Coaches
BackgroundPeople with serious mental illness have high rates of obesity and related medical problems, and die years prematurely, most commonly from cardiovascular disease. Specialized, in-person weight management interventions result in weight loss in efficacy trials with highly motivated patients. In usual care, patient enrollment and retention are low with these interventions, and effectiveness has been inconsistent.ObjectiveTo determine whether computerized provision of weight management with peer coaching is feasible to deliver, is acceptable to patients, and is more effective than in-person delivery or usual care.DesignMixed-methods randomized controlled trial.ParticipantsTwo hundred seventy-six overweight patients with serious mental illness receiving care at a Veterans Administration medical center.InterventionsPatients were randomized to 1) computerized weight management with peer coaching (WebMOVE), 2) in-person clinician-led weight services, or 3) usual care. Both active interventions offered the same educational content.Main MeasuresBody mass index; and feasibility and acceptability of the intervention.Key ResultsAt 6 months, in obese patients (n = 200), there was a significant condition by visit effect (F = 4.02, p = 0.02). The WebMOVE group had an average estimated BMI change from baseline to 6 months of 34.9 ± 0.4 to 34.1 ± 0.4. This corresponds to 2.8 kg (6.2 lbs) weight loss (t = 3.2, p = 0.001). No significant change in BMI was seen with either in-person services (t = 0.10, p = 0.92), or usual care (t = −0.25, p = 0.80). The average percentage of modules completed in the WebMOVE group was 49% and in the in-person group was 41% (t = 1.4, p = 0.17). When non-obese patients were included in the analyses, there was a trend towards a condition by visit effect (F = 2.8, p = 0.06). WebMOVE was well received, while the acceptability of in-person services was mixed.ConclusionsComputerized weight management with peer support results in lower weight, and can have greater effectiveness than clinician-led in-person services. This intervention is well received, and could be feasible to disseminate.
Journal Article