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Phelan-McDermid syndrome is a rare genetic disorder characterised by various neurodevelopmental, medical, and psychiatric issues. Although bipolar disorder-like presentations and catatonia are particularly common, psychosis has also been reported but is less well described. As such, this systematic review sought to characterise the phenomenology of psychosis in Phelan-McDermid syndrome, clarify the association of psychotic symptoms with other neuropsychiatric features of the disorder, and describe antipsychotic treatment response. A literature search was completed in July 2024 using PubMed and Scopus. Only English-language articles that reported the occurrence of psychotic symptoms in Phelan-McDermid syndrome were eligible for inclusion. 18 articles describing 35 individuals were included in the main analyses. Three additional articles of relevance are discussed separately, as they either provided limited clinical information or did not present data in a patient-specific manner. The average age of psychosis onset was ∼17 years, and 65% of individuals developed symptoms at or before age 15. ∼69% of individuals also experienced catatonia, ∼81% experienced mood symptoms, and 50% experienced both. Visual hallucinations were the most commonly reported psychotic symptom. Where reported, ∼76% of individuals exhibited at least a partial and/or temporary response to antipsychotic therapy. Psychotic presentations in Phelan-McDermid syndrome may qualitatively differ from schizophrenia. Although numerous antipsychotics may be efficacious in the treatment of Phelan-McDermid syndrome-associated psychosis, this review most importantly highlights the paucity of available high-quality evidence to guide treatment decisions in this respect, and as such indicates the need for more reports to be published.

The multi-staged XENON program at INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso aims to detect dark matter with two-phase liquid xenon time projection chambers of increasing size and sensitivity. The XENONnT experiment is the latest detector in the program, planned to be an upgrade of its predecessor XENON1T. It features an active target of 5.9 tonnes of cryogenic liquid xenon (8.5 tonnes total mass in cryostat). The experiment is expected to extend the sensitivity to WIMP dark matter by more than an order of magnitude compared to XENON1T, thanks to the larger active mass and the significantly reduced background, improved by novel systems such as a radon removal plant and a neutron veto. This article describes the XENONnT experiment and its sub-systems in detail and reports on the detector performance during the first science run.

A bstract A determination of the top-quark mass is presented using 20.2 fb − 1 of 8 TeV proton-proton collision data produced by the Large Hadron Collider and collected by the ATLAS experiment. The normalised differential cross section of top-quark pair production in association with an energetic jet is measured in the lepton+jets final state and unfolded to parton and particle levels. The unfolded distribution at parton level can be described using next-to-leading-order QCD predictions in terms of either the top-quark pole mass or the running mass as defined in the (modified) minimal subtraction scheme. A comparison between the experimental distribution and the theoretical prediction allows the top-quark mass to be extracted in the two schemes. The value obtained for the pole-mass scheme is: m t pole = 171.1 ± 0.4 stat ± 0.9 syst − 0.3 + 0.7 theo GeV The extracted value in the running-mass scheme is: m t m t = 162.9 ± 0.5 stat ± 1.0 syst − 1.2 + 2.1 theo GeV . The results for the top-quark mass using the two schemes are consistent, when translated from one scheme to the other.

The selection of low-radioactive construction materials is of the utmost importance for rare-event searches and thus critical to the XENONnT experiment. Results of an extensive radioassay program are reported, in which material samples have been screened with gamma-ray spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and 222Rn emanation measurements. Furthermore, the cleanliness procedures applied to remove or mitigate surface contamination of detector materials are described. Screening results, used as inputs for a XENONnT Monte Carlo simulation, predict a reduction of materials background (∼17%) with respect to its predecessor XENON1T. Through radon emanation measurements, the expected 222Rn activity concentration in XENONnT is determined to be 4.2 (-0.7+0.5) μBq/kg, a factor three lower with respect to XENON1T. This radon concentration will be further suppressed by means of the novel radon distillation system.

This paper presents the performance of the ATLAS muon reconstruction during the LHC run with p p collisions at s = 7 –8 TeV in 2011–2012, focusing mainly on data collected in 2012. Measurements of the reconstruction efficiency and of the momentum scale and resolution, based on large reference samples of J / ψ → μ μ , Z → μ μ and Υ → μ μ decays, are presented and compared to Monte Carlo simulations. Corrections to the simulation, to be used in physics analysis, are provided. Over most of the covered phase space (muon | η | < 2.7 and 5 ≲ p T ≲ 100  GeV) the efficiency is above 99 % and is measured with per-mille precision. The momentum resolution ranges from 1.7 % at central rapidity and for transverse momentum p T ≃ 10  GeV, to 4 % at large rapidity and p T ≃ 100  GeV. The momentum scale is known with an uncertainty of 0.05 % to 0.2 % depending on rapidity. A method for the recovery of final state radiation from the muons is also presented.

Electroweak symmetry breaking explains the origin of the masses of elementary particles through their interactions with the Higgs field. Besides the measurements of the Higgs boson properties, the study of the scattering of massive vector bosons with spin 1 allows the nature of electroweak symmetry breaking to be probed. Among all processes related to vector-boson scattering, the electroweak production of two jets and a Z-boson pair is a rare and important one. Here we report the observation of this process from proton–proton collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb−1 recorded at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. We consider two different final states originating from the decays of the Z-boson pair: one containing four charged leptons and another containing two charged leptons and two neutrinos. The hypothesis of no electroweak production is rejected with a statistical significance of 5.7σ, and the measured cross-section for electroweak production is consistent with the Standard Model prediction. In addition, we report cross-sections for inclusive production of a Z-boson pair and two jets for the two final states.The ATLAS Collaboration reports the observation of the electroweak production of two jets and a Z-boson pair. This process is related to vector-boson scattering and allows the nature of electroweak symmetry breaking to be probed.

This report describes the experimental strategy and technologies for XLZD, the next-generation xenon observatory sensitive to dark matter and neutrino physics. In the baseline design, the detector will have an active liquid xenon target of 60 tonnes, which could be increased to 80 tonnes if the market conditions for xenon are favorable. It is based on the mature liquid xenon time projection chamber technology used in current-generation experiments, LZ and XENONnT. The report discusses the baseline design and opportunities for further optimization of the individual detector components. The experiment envisaged here has the capability to explore parameter space for Weakly Interacting Massive Particle (WIMP) dark matter down to the neutrino fog, with a 3 σ evidence potential for WIMP-nucleon cross sections as low as 3 × 10 - 49 c m 2 (at 40 GeV/c 2 WIMP mass). The observatory will also have leading sensitivity to a wide range of alternative dark matter models. It is projected to have a 3 σ observation potential of neutrinoless double beta decay of 136 Xe at a half-life of up to 5.7 × 10 27  years. Additionally, it is sensitive to astrophysical neutrinos from the sun and galactic supernovae.

The DARWIN observatory is a proposed next-generation experiment to search for particle dark matter and for the neutrinoless double beta decay of 136 Xe. Out of its 50 t total natural xenon inventory, 40 t will be the active target of a time projection chamber which thus contains about 3.6 t of 136 Xe. Here, we show that its projected half-life sensitivity is 2.4 × 10 27 year , using a fiducial volume of 5 t of natural xenon and 10 year of operation with a background rate of less than 0.2 events/(t  ·  year) in the energy region of interest. This sensitivity is based on a detailed Monte Carlo simulation study of the background and event topologies in the large, homogeneous target. DARWIN will be comparable in its science reach to dedicated double beta decay experiments using xenon enriched in 136 Xe.

A bstract The production of a prompt photon in association with a Z boson is studied in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy s = 13 TeV. The analysis uses a data sample with an integrated luminosity of 139 fb − 1 collected by the ATLAS detector at the LHC from 2015 to 2018. The production cross-section for the process pp → ℓ + ℓ − γ + X ( ℓ = e, μ ) is measured within a fiducial phase-space region defined by kinematic requirements on the photon and the leptons, and by isolation requirements on the photon. An experimental precision of 2.9% is achieved for the fiducial cross-section. Differential cross-sections are measured as a function of each of six kinematic variables characterising the ℓ + ℓ − γ system. The data are compared with theoretical predictions based on next-to-leading-order and next-to-next-to-leading-order perturbative QCD calculations. The impact of next-to-leading-order electroweak corrections is also considered.

The precision in reconstructing events detected in a dual-phase time projection chamber depends on an homogeneous and well understood electric field within the liquid target. In the XENONnT TPC the field homogeneity is achieved through a double-array field cage, consisting of two nested arrays of field shaping rings connected by an easily accessible resistor chain. Rather than being connected to the gate electrode, the topmost field shaping ring is independently biased, adding a degree of freedom to tune the electric field during operation. Two-dimensional finite element simulations were used to optimize the field cage, as well as its operation. Simulation results were compared to 83 m Kr calibration data. This comparison indicates an accumulation of charge on the panels of the TPC which is constant over time, as no evolution of the reconstructed position distribution of events is observed. The simulated electric field was then used to correct the charge signal for the field dependence of the charge yield. This correction resolves the inconsistent measurement of the drift electron lifetime when using different calibrations sources and different field cage tuning voltages.