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A new scheme to produce very low emittance muon beams using a positron beam of about 45 GeV interacting on electrons on target is presented. One of the innovative topics to be investigated is the behaviour of the positron beam stored in a low emittance ring with a thin target, that is directly inserted in the ring chamber to produce muons. Muons can be immediately collected at the exit of the target and transported to twoμ+andμ−accumulator rings and then accelerated and injected in muon collider rings. We focus in this paper on the simulation of thee+beam interacting with the target, the effect of the target on the 6-D phase space and the optimization of thee+ ring design to maximize the energy acceptance. We will investigate the performance of this scheme, ring plus target system, comparing different multi-turn simulations. The source is considered for use in a multi-TeV collider in [F. Zimmermann, in Strategy for Future Extreme Beam Facilities, Accelerator Technology Institute of Electronic Systems, Vol. 44 (Warsaw University of Technology, 2017).].

In this paper we present a detailed analysis of the Synchrotron Radiation emitted by the 50 TeV protons of the FCC-hh in the last bending and quadrupole magnets upstream of the interaction region. We discuss the characteristics of this radiation in terms of power, flux, photon spectrum and fans with and without crossing angle for comparison. We mainly focus our study on the fraction of photons that may hit the detector, with a full tracking in GEANT4 that simulates the interaction within the central beam pipe.

Bunch merging is a well-established technique to increase the intensity of synchrotrons and the luminosity of circular colliders. We suggest to exploit a combination of channeling, volume reflection and amorphous interactions in a bent crystal for beam merging in a transfer line. Two beams converging into the bent crystal along special directions should emerge in almost parallel directions. A merging scenario is discussed, and data collected by the UA9 Collaboration are reprocessed to prove its feasibility. Comparison with magnetic stacking, which is a similar process, is presented.

The background induced by the high penetration power of the radiation is the main limiting factor of the current radio-guided surgery (RGS). To partially mitigate it, a RGS with β + -emitting radio-tracers has been suggested in literature. Here we propose the use of β − -emitting radio-tracers and β − probes and discuss the advantage of this method with respect to the previously explored ones: the electron low penetration power allows for simple and versatile probes and could extend RGS to tumours for which background originating from nearby healthy tissue makes probes less effective. We developed a β − probe prototype and studied its performances on phantoms. By means of a detailed simulation we have also extrapolated the results to estimate the performances in a realistic case of meningioma, pathology which is going to be our first in-vivo test case. A good sensitivity to residuals down to 0.1 ml can be reached within 1 s with an administered activity smaller than those for PET-scans thus making the radiation exposure to medical personnel negligible.

The MDISim toolkit is used to evaluate and characterize the beam-gas induced background in the FCC-ee interaction region. MDISim allows to construct in GEANT4 the actual beam lattice structure with geometry and magnetic elements in order to perform a full simulation enabling to study the location where the beam gas scattering occurs as well as the loss point of scattered particles. We compare simulation results with expectations from analytical expressions and discuss the impact of possible local pressure rises by gas desorption induced by synchrotron radiation.

We present in this paper the proposal of an experimental test at DAΦNE of the positron-ring-plus-target scheme foreseen in the Low EMittance Muon Accelerator. This test would be a validation of the on-going studies for LEMMA and it would be synergic with other proposals at DAΦNE after the SIDDHARTA-2 run. We discuss the beam dynamics studies for different targets inserted in a proper location through the ring, i.e. where the beam is focused and dispersion-free. The development of the existent diagnostic needed to test the behaviour of the circulating beam is described together with the turn-by-turn measurement systems of charge, lifetime and transverse size. Measurements on the temperature and thermo-mechanical stress on the target are also under study.

A radio-guided surgery technique exploiting β− emitters is under development. It aims at a higher target-to-background activity ratio implying both a smaller radiopharmaceutical activity and the possibility of extending the technique to cases with a large uptake of surrounding healthy organs. Such technique requires a dedicated intraoperative probe detecting β- radiation. A first prototype has been developed relying on the low density and high light yield of the diphenylbutadiene doped para-therphenyl organic scintillator. The scintillation light produced in a cylindrical crystal, 5 mm in diameter and 3 mm in height, is guided to a photo-multiplier tube by optical fibres. The custom readout electronics is designed to optimize its usage in terms of feedback to the surgeon, portability and remote monitoring of the signal. Tests show that with a radiotracer activity comparable to those administered for diagnostic purposes the developed probe can detect a 0.1 ml cancerous residual of meningioma in a few seconds.

Particle therapy is a technique that uses accelerated charged ions for cancer treatment and combines a high irradiation precision with a high biological effectiveness in killing tumor cells [1]. Informations about the secondary particles emitted in the interaction of an ion beam with the patient during a treatment can be of great interest in order to monitor the dose deposition. For this purpose an experiment at the HIT (Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center) beam facility has been performed in order to measure fluxes and emission profiles of secondary particles produced in the interaction of therapeutic beams with a PMMA target. In this contribution some preliminary results about the emission profiles and the energy spectra of the detected secondaries will be presented.

Finding new ways to fight cancer is essential to increase the patients life expectancy. This paper reports the latest results of the project CHIRONE finalized to increase the potential of the Radio Guided Surgery through the use of β− emitting radio-tracers and β− probes. This innovation could overcome the present main limiting factor represented by a diffuse background due to the high penetration power of the gamma radiation used. We created a prototype of β− probe and in this paper we report measures of photon efficiency, acquired with commercial photons sources. Then we estimated the signal and background rates in realistic cases of meningioma through a simulation. The device is able to detect residuals of 0.1 ml in 1 s with an administered activity less than 3 MBq/kg.

CUORE Upgrade with Particle IDentification (CUPID) is a foreseen ton-scale array of Li 2 MoO 4 (LMO) cryogenic calorimeters with double readout of heat and light signals. Its scientific goal is to fully explore the inverted hierarchy of neutrino masses in the search for neutrinoless double beta decay of 100 Mo. Pile-up of standard double beta decay of the candidate isotope is a relevant background. We generate pile-up heat events via injection of Joule heater pulses with a programmable waveform generator in a small array of LMO crystals operated underground in the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Italy. This allows to label pile-up pulses and control both time difference and underlying amplitudes of individual heat pulses in the data. We present the performance of supervised learning classifiers on data and the attained pile-up rejection efficiency.