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"Collom, Ed"
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Motivations and Differential Participation in a Community Currency System: The Dynamics Within a Local Social Movement Organization1
Community currency is an understudied, alternative social movement. These local networks are grassroots, collective efforts to form an alternative market with the hopes of empowering the economically marginalized and building social capital. Original data collected from members of a local currency system are employed to investigate their motivations to join and the congruence between motivating factors and various forms of participation. Four categories of motivations are identified and multivariate models are estimated to assess which are the most salient predictors of differential participation. The results provide some support for the congruence hypothesis. As Knoke (1988) predicted, member motivations play a role in shaping forms of participation. This evidence is used to draw larger implications for social movement research.
Journal Article
Motivations and Differential Participation in a Community Currency System: The Dynamics Within a Local Social Movement Organization
Community currency is an understudied, alternative social movement. These local networks are grassroots, collective efforts to form an alternative market with the hopes of empowering the economically marginalized and building social capital. Original data collected from members of a local currency system are employed to investigate their motivations to join and the congruence between motivating factors and various forms of participation. Four categories of motivations are identified and multivariate models are estimated to assess which are the most salient predictors of differential participation. The results provide some support for the congruence hypothesis. As Knoke (1988) predicted, member motivations play a role in shaping forms of participation. This evidence is used to draw larger implications for social movement research.
Journal Article
Motivations and Differential Participation in a Community Currency System: The Dynamics Within a Local Social Movement Organization 1
Community currency is an understudied, alternative social movement. These local networks are grassroots, collective efforts to form an alternative market with the hopes of empowering the economically marginalized and building social capital. Original data collected from members of a local currency system are employed to investigate their motivations to join and the congruence between motivating factors and various forms of participation. Four categories of motivations are identified and multivariate models are estimated to assess which are the most salient predictors of differential participation. The results provide some support for the congruence hypothesis. As Knoke (1988) predicted, member motivations play a role in shaping forms of participation. This evidence is used to draw larger implications for social movement research.
Journal Article
Time Banking and Health: The Role of a Community Currency Organization in Enhancing Well-Being
Time banking is an international movement that seeks to transform traditional asymmetric social service models into social networks in which members both provide and receive services that are assigned equal value. Time banks have been shown to enhance social capital, and there is some evidence for improved health. This article, based on a survey of 160 members of a hospital-affiliated time bank, examines the likelihood and predictors of improvement in physical and mental health as a result of membership. Men, people with lower income, and those who were not working full-time reported highest levels of participation in exchanging services; attachment to the organization was greatest among women, older members, people with less education, and those with the highest participation levels. Multivariate analyses revealed that physical health improvement attributed to membership was significantly predicted by attachment to the organization and living alone; mental health gains were predicted by general health changes, average number of exchanges, and attachment to the organization. We conclude that a sense of belonging, a dimension of social capital, is key to improved well-being and that time banking may be particularly valuable in promoting health and belonging among older and lower-income individuals and those who live alone.
Journal Article
Social Inequality and the Politics of Production: Identifying Potential Supporters of Economic Democracy
Race, class, and gender are the major bases of social inequality in contemporary America. In this study I investigate the consequences of social inequality on \"socialist\" ideology. Through a descriptive group analysis I identify who is most supportive of economic democracy. National survey data are employed to measure public opinion toward nationalization and workplace democracy. Such \"politics of production\" seek to redistribute control of the means of production, representing a fundamental challenge to class relations. Incorporating analysis of variance, I test for group differences in attitudes. Class position is operationalized by Wright's (Wright, Erik Olin, 1978, Class, Crisis and the State. London: Verso) contradictory class locations model. Race is found to be the most important basis of attitudes toward economic democracy. Class location and gender are critical in shaping Latino attitudes, but are largely irrelevant for African Americans. Despite class and gender effects, the analysis highlights the relative conservativism of whites. The mobilization potential of social movements advocating economic democracy is discussed. Given my findings and recent historical developments, the implications for workplace democracy are considered.
Journal Article
Clarifying the Cross-Class Support for Workplace Democracy
Workplace democracy has been advocated by capitalists, managers, and workers. This paper seeks to clarify such cross-class support by analyzing Americans' attitudes toward worker participation in decision making and worker control. National survey data from 1991 are employed Hypotheses surrounding various criteria of class are tested and production-related conceptions are the most powerful predictors of these attitudes. The existence of significant cross-class support is confirmed. A path model is estimated for each class location in order to compare the underlying causal mechanisms. Non-working class support for workplace democracy is found primarily in subordinated class segments. Most importantly, \"middle class\" women are supportive as worker empowerment may improve their own lot. Overall, the advocacy by capital and its managers appears to merely reflect a veiled attempt to further their own agenda of capital accumulation.
Journal Article
Using Performance Indicators to Hold Schools Accountable: Implicit Assumptions and Inherent Tensions
Describes the high stakes use of educational indicators to hold schools accountable for students' academic performance, using examples from California's Public Schools Accountability Act of 1999 to discuss the assumptions on which this strategy is based and examining the assumptions against the literature on the use of educational indicators to identify issues that might arise with implementation. (SM)
Journal Article
Organizing Locally: How the New Decentralists Improve Education, Health Care, and Trade
Collom reviews Organizing Locally: How the New Decentralists Improve Education, Health Care, and Trade by Bruce Fuller, Mary Berg, Danfeng Soto-Vigil Koon, and Lynette Parker.
Book Review