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"Colman, T"
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The Star Formation Rate of the Milky Way as Seen by Herschel
We present a new derivation of the Milky Way’s current star formation rate (SFR) based on the data of the Herschel InfraRed Galactic Plane Survey (Hi-GAL). We estimate the distribution of the SFR across the Galactic plane from the star-forming clumps identified in the Hi-GAL survey and calculate the total SFR from the sum of their contributions. The estimate of the global SFR amounts to 2.0 ± 0.7 M ⊙ yr−1, of which 1.7 ± 0.6 M ⊙ yr−1 coming from clumps with reliable heliocentric distance assignment. This value is in general agreement with estimates found in the literature of last decades. The profile of SFR density averaged in Galactocentric rings is found to be qualitatively similar to others previously computed, with a peak corresponding to the Central Molecular Zone and another one around Galactocentric radius R gal ∼ 5 kpc, followed by an exponential decrease as log(ΣSFR/[M⊙yr−1kpc−2])=aRgal/[kpc]+b , with a = −0.28 ± 0.01. In this regard, the fraction of SFR produced within and outside the solar circle is 84% and 16%, respectively; the fraction corresponding to the far outer Galaxy (R gal > 13.5 kpc) is only 1%. We also find that, for R gal > 3 kpc, our data follow a power law as a function of density, similarly to the Kennicutt–Schmidt relation. Finally, we compare the distribution of the SFR density across the face-on Galactic plane and those of median parameters, such as temperature, luminosity/mass ratio, and bolometric temperature, describing the evolutionary stage of Hi-GAL clumps. We found no clear correlation between the SFR and the clump evolutionary stage.
Journal Article
Synthesis, characterization, and thermal study of solid-state alkaline earth metal mandelates, except beryllium and radium
Characterization, thermal stability, and thermal decomposition of alkaline earth metal mandelates, M(C6H5CH(OH)CO2)2, (M = Mg(II), Ca(II), Sr(II), and Ba(II)), were investigated employing simultaneous thermogravimetry and differential thermal analysis or differential scanning calorimetry, (TG–DTA or TG–DSC), infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), complexometry, and TG–DSC coupled to FTIR. All the compounds were obtained in the anhydrous state and the thermal decomposition occurs in three steps. The final residue up to 585 °C (Mg), 720 °C (Ca), and 945 °C (Sr) is the respective oxide MgO, CaO, and SrO. For the barium compound the final residue up to 580 °C is BaCO3, which is stable until 950 °C and above this temperature the TG curve shows the beginning of the thermal decomposition of the barium carbonate. The results also provide information concerning the thermal behavior and identification of gaseous products evolved during the thermal decomposition of these compounds.
Journal Article
Tracking Public Health Workforce Retention: Observations From CDC’s Public Health Associate Program
Objectives. To describe the career trajectories of 1 cohort of US Public Health Associate Program (PHAP) alumni over 3 years since completing PHAP. Methods. We distributed a Web-based survey at 3 time points between 2014 and 2017 (response rate = 76%). We calculated descriptive statistics in SPSS. Results. At all time points, most alumni were employed. Of those, the percentage employed in public health was 100% at program completion, 86% at year 1, and 68% at year 3. Conclusions. Most alumni were employed in public health jobs at each time point. At the 3-year mark, approximately a third of the alumni had left public health employment, which is in line with documented rates of turnover within the broader public health workforce. Public Health Implications. Service learning programs like PHAP are effective at recruiting early career professionals into public health. The extent to which PHAP is effective at retaining workers in public health after the program appears most promising immediately following the program or in the short term after the program concludes. The extent to which workers are retained in the longer term requires further study.
Journal Article
Wine politics
After reading this intriguing book, a glass of wine will be more than hints of blackberries or truffles on the palate. Written by the author of the popular, award-winning website DrVino.com, Wine Politics exposes a little-known but extremely influential aspect of the wine business—the politics behind it. Tyler Colman systematically explains how politics affects what we can buy, how much it costs, how it tastes, what appears on labels, and more. He offers an insightful comparative view of wine-making in Napa and Bordeaux, tracing the different paths American and French wines take as they travel from vineyard to dining room table. Colman also explores globalization in the wine business and illuminates the role of behind-the-scenes players such as governments, distributors, and prominent critics who wield enormous clout. Throughout, Wine Politics reveals just how deeply politics matters— right down to the taste of the wine in your glass tonight.
eBook
Back Pain in a Bangladeshi Worker in Iraq
Pyogenic Spinal Infection (PSI) is an uncommon disorder encompassing a broad spectrum of diseases including septic spondylodiscitis, osteomyelitis, epidural and paravertebral abscess formation. Presentation can be vague and highly variable but usually includes back pain and fever. Whilst predisposing factors, such as trauma and diabetes can often be identified a pathogenic organism may not be identified in up to a half of all cases leading to significant delay in both accurate diagnosis and effective treatment. Precise spinal imaging is essential and includes plain X-ray, CT and preferably MRI. The treatment of PSI can be conservative (including antibiotics); however, spinal surgery may be required for the complications in up to 50% of cases, with varying degrees of success. We present a challenging case of PSI encountered in a locally-employed 42 year-old Bangladeshi civilian working in Iraq. Despite obvious resource limitations available within a Role 2 Field Hospital, clinical suspicion coupled with repeat spinal CT was pivotal in obtaining the diagnosis. The patient was repatriated to Bangladesh for MRI and definitive surgical treatment.
Journal Article
An Epidemic of Coccidioidomycosis in Arizona Associated with Climatic Changes, 1998–2001
Background Reports of coccidioidomycosis cases in Arizona have increased substantially. We investigated factors associated with the increase Methods We analyzed the National Electronic Telecommunications System for Surveillance (NETSS) data from 1998 to 2001 and used Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to map high-incidence areas in Maricopa County. Poisson regression analysis was performed to assess the effect of climatic and environmental factors on the number of monthly cases; a model was developed and tested to predict outbreaks Results The overall incidence in 2001 was 43 cases/100,000 population, a significant (P<.01, test for trend) increase from 1998 (33 cases/100,000 population); the highest age-specific rate was in persons ⩾65 years old (79 cases/100,000 population in 2001). Analysis of NETSS data by season indicated high-incidence periods during the winter (November–February). GIS analysis showed that the highest-incidence areas were in the periphery of Phoenix. Multivariable Poisson regression modeling revealed that a combination of certain climatic and environmental factors were highly correlated with seasonal outbreaks (R2=0.75) Conclusions Coccidioidomycosis in Arizona has increased. Its incidence is driven by seasonal outbreaks associated with environmental and climatic changes. Our study may allow public-health officials to predict seasonal outbreaks in Arizona and to alert the public and physicians early, so that appropriate preventive measures can be implemented
Journal Article
A comparison of the Milky Way's recent star formation revealed by dust thermal emission and high-mass stars
We present a comparison of the Milky Way's star formation rate (SFR) surface density (\\(_ SFR\\)) obtained with two independent state-of-the-art observational methods. The first method infers \\(_ SFR\\) from observations of the dust thermal emission from interstellar dust grains in far-infrared wavelengths registered in the Herschel infrared Galactic Plane Survey (Hi-GAL). The second method determines \\(_ SFR\\) by modeling the current population of O-, B-, and A-type stars in a 6 kpc \\(\\) 6 kpc area around the Sun. We find an agreement between the two methods within a factor of two for the mean SFRs and the SFR surface density profiles. Given the broad differences between the observational techniques and the independent assumptions in the methods for computing the SFRs, this agreement constitutes a significant advance in our understanding of the star formation of our Galaxy and implies that the local SFR has been roughly constant over the past 10\\,Myr.
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