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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine how a speculative animal behaviour modification experiment conducted over 100 years ago evolved into a scientific law of human behaviour that is now widely cited in managerial psychology texts and journals. The paper considers the implications of this evolution for the theory and practice of work stress management in particular, and managerial psychology in general. Design/methodology/approach – Using insights from social constructivist studies of science the empirical evidence supporting the Yerkes-Dodson Law (YDL) is examined and found wanting. The role played by the simple graphical representation of the YDL in its popularisation is considered. Findings – Analysis reveals that the YDL has no basis in empirical fact but continues to inform managerial practices which seek to increase or maintain, rather than minimise, levels of stress in the workplace as a means to enhance employee performance. Practical implications – Practitioners should not seek to increase performance through the manipulation of employee stress levels. Originality/value – The paper brings attention to the potentially harmful ways the publication of long-discredited models of stress and performance can influence management practice.

Co-inhibitory immune receptors can contribute to T cell dysfunction in patients with cancer 1 , 2 . Blocking antibodies against cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) and programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) partially reverse this effect and are becoming standard of care in an increasing number of malignancies 3 . However, many of the other axes by which tumours become inhospitable to T cells are not fully understood. Here we report that V-domain immunoglobulin suppressor of T cell activation (VISTA) engages and suppresses T cells selectively at acidic pH such as that found in tumour microenvironments. Multiple histidine residues along the rim of the VISTA extracellular domain mediate binding to the adhesion and co-inhibitory receptor P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1). Antibodies engineered to selectively bind and block this interaction in acidic environments were sufficient to reverse VISTA-mediated immune suppression in vivo. These findings identify a mechanism by which VISTA may engender resistance to anti-tumour immune responses, as well as an unexpectedly determinative role for pH in immune co-receptor engagement. V-domain immunoglobulin suppressor of T cell activation (VISTA) selectively engages P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1) and suppresses T cells at acidic pH similar to those in tumour microenvironments, thereby mediating resistance to anti-tumour immune responses.

Purpose - To explore the current literature base of critical success factors (CSFs) of ERP implementations, prepare a compilation, and identify any gaps that might exist.Design methodology approach - Hundreds of journals were searched using key terms identified in a preliminary literature review. Successive rounds of article abstract reviews resulted in 45 articles being selected for the compilation. CSF constructs were then identified using content analysis methodology and an inductive coding technique. A subsequent critical analysis identified gaps in the literature base.Findings - The most significant finding is the lack of research that has focused on the identification of CSFs from the perspectives of key stakeholders. Additionally, there appears to be much variance with respect to what exactly is encompassed by change management, one of the most widely cited CSFs, and little detail of specific implementation tactics.Research limitations implications - There is a need to focus future research efforts on the study of CSFs as they apply to the perspectives of key stakeholders and to ensure that this stakeholder approach is also comprehensive in its coverage of CSFs. As well, there is need to conduct more in-depth research into the concept of change management. One key limitation of this research is the occurrence of duplication in the frequency analysis of the success factors. This is attributed to secondary research being the main methodology for a large number of the articles cited.Originality value - This research provides a comprehensive compilation of all previously identified ERP implementation success factors, through a clearly structured methodological approach.

In this important MBA text the authors adopt a highly integrated approach. Using the three conceptual lenses of power, meaning and design they explore fully the many different ways in which technology and organizations interact. They highlight the major debates within these competing perspectives and argue that the flow of knowledge and ideas within and between organizations is crucial in shaping technologies and organizations alike. List of Figures, Tables. Foreword. 1. Introduction: Knowing the Dancer from the Dance Part 1: Power . 2. Technology, Power and Organization 3. Technology, Power and the User Part 2: Meaning 4. Technology and Ideology 5. The Meaning of Technology in Organizations Part 3: Design . 6. Design, Knowledge and Innovation 7. The Design Circuit 8. Technology, Management and Organization: Some conclusions. Multivolume collection by leading authors in the field

In this important MBA text the authors adopt a highly integrated approach. Using the three conceptual lenses of power, meaning and design they explore fully the many different ways in which technology and organizations interact. They highlight the major debates within these competing perspectives and argue that the flow of knowledge and ideas within and between organizations is crucial in shaping technologies and organizations alike.

In this important MBA text the authors adopt a highly integrated approach. Using the three conceptual lenses of power, meaning and design they explore fully the many different ways in which technology and organizations interact. They highlight the major debates within these competing perspectives and argue that the flow of knowledge and ideas within and between organizations is crucial in shaping technologies and organizations alike.

Purpose - To examine the mechanisms through which downsizing affects employees' affective commitment to the organization in two Korean banks.Design methodology approach - A total of 910 questionnaires were completed by bank employees. Data was analysed using hierarchical regression and LISREL path analysis techniques. Twenty semi-structured interviews were also conducted.Findings - The results show that the more severe the extent of downsizing, the lower employees' affective commitment to the organization. Moreover, downsizing has an impact on employees' affective commitment to the organization through several of the daily work experiences of employees. Thus, downsizing affects employees' affective commitment to the organization both directly and indirectly. However, its indirect impact is much stronger.Research limitations implications - The research was conducted in Korea and may have limited generalizability to Western cultures.Practical implications - Sympathetic management of downsizing can minimize the negative impact on the affective commitment of surviving employees.Originality value - This paper offers insights into organizational commitment in a (relatively under-researched) Korean context.

In their review of research on organisational memory, Walsh and Ungson argue that the extant representations of the concept are fragmented and underdeveloped. It is argued that this is due, at least in part, to the dominance of psychological models of memory based on the individual which are employed by organisational memory system designers. In this article it is argued that the development of a more social psychological theory of memory not only helps us understand the roots of the present confusion surrounding the concept of organisational memory, but it also enables the development of a more coherent theoretical model to guide research on the transformational effects of computer‐based information systems on organisational memory.

In this important MBA text the authors adopt a highly integrated approach. Using the three conceptual lenses of power, meaning and design they explore fully the many different ways in which technology and organizations interact. They highlight the major debates within these competing perspectives and argue that the flow of knowledge and ideas within and between organizations is crucial in shaping technologies and organizations alike.

In this important MBA text the authors adopt a highly integrated approach. Using the three conceptual lenses of power, meaning and design they explore fully the many different ways in which technology and organizations interact. They highlight the major debates within these competing perspectives and argue that the flow of knowledge and ideas within and between organizations is crucial in shaping technologies and organizations alike.