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As quantum coherence times of superconducting circuits have increased from nanoseconds to hundreds of microseconds, they are currently one of the leading platforms for quantum information processing. However, coherence needs to further improve by orders of magnitude to reduce the prohibitive hardware overhead of current error correction schemes. Reaching this goal hinges on reducing the density of broken Cooper pairs, so-called quasiparticles. Here, we show that environmental radioactivity is a significant source of nonequilibrium quasiparticles. Moreover, ionizing radiation introduces time-correlated quasiparticle bursts in resonators on the same chip, further complicating quantum error correction. Operating in a deep-underground lead-shielded cryostat decreases the quasiparticle burst rate by a factor thirty and reduces dissipation up to a factor four, showcasing the importance of radiation abatement in future solid-state quantum hardware. Background radiation has been identified as a key factor limiting the coherence times of superconducting circuits. Here, the authors measure the impact of environmental and cosmic radiation on a superconducting resonator with varying degrees of shielding, including an underground facility.

The next generation of bolometric experiments searching for rave events, in particular for the neutrino-less double beta decay, needs fast, high-sensitivity and easy-to-scale cryogenic light detectors. The CALDER project (2014–2020) developed a new technology for light detection at cryogenic temperature. In this paper we describe the achievements and the final prototype of this project, consisting of a 5×5cm2, 650μm thick silicon substrate coupled to a single kinetic inductance detector made of a three-layer aluminum-titanium-aluminum. The baseline energy resolution is 34±1(stat)±2(syst) eV RMS and the response time is 120μs. These features, along with the natural multiplexing capability of kinetic inductance detectors, meet the requirements of future large-scale experiments.

Radioactivity was recently discovered as a source of decoherence and correlated errors for the real-world implementation of superconducting quantum processors. In this work, we measure levels of radioactivity present in a typical laboratory environment (from muons, neutrons, and γ -rays emitted by naturally occurring radioactive isotopes) and in the most commonly used materials for the assembly and operation of state-of-the-art superconducting qubits. We present a GEANT-4 based simulation to predict the rate of impacts and the amount of energy released in a qubit chip from each of the mentioned sources. We finally propose mitigation strategies for the operation of next-generation qubits in a radio-pure environment.

We present the first continuous operation in a surface lab of BULLKID, a detector for searches of light Dark Matter and precision measurements of the coherent and elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering. The detector consists of an array of 60 cubic silicon particle absorbers of 0.34 g each, sensed by cryogenic kinetic inductance detectors. The data presented focusses on one of the central elements of the array and on its surrounding elements used as veto. The energy spectrum resulting from an exposure of 39 h to ambient backgrounds, obtained without radiation shields, is flat at the level of ( 2.0 ± 0.1 stat . ± 0.2 syst . ) × 10 6  counts/keV kg days down to the energy threshold of 160 ± 13  eV. The data analysis demonstrates the unique capability of rejecting backgrounds generated from interactions in other sites of the array, stemming from the segmented and monolithic structure of the detector.

ObjectQuantitative electroencephalography (qEEG) has shown promising results as a predictor of clinical impairment in stroke. We systematically reviewed published papers that focus on qEEG metrics in the resting EEG of patients with mono-hemispheric stroke, to summarize current knowledge and pave the way for future research.MethodsFollowing the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, we systematically searched the literature for papers that fitted our inclusion criteria. Rayyan QCRR was used to allow deduplication and collaborative blinded paper review. Due to multiple outcomes and non-homogeneous literature, a scoping review approach was used to address the topic.ResultsOr initial search (PubMed, Embase, Google scholar) yielded 3200 papers. After proper screening, we selected 71 papers that fitted our inclusion criteria and we developed a scoping review thar describes the current state of the art of qEEG in stroke. Notably, among selected papers 53 (74.3%) focused on spectral power; 11 (15.7%) focused on symmetry indexes, 17 (24.3%) on connectivity metrics, while 5 (7.1%) were about other metrics (e.g. detrended fluctuation analysis). Moreover, 42 (58.6%) studies were performed with standard 19 electrodes EEG caps and only a minority used high-definition EEG.ConclusionsWe systematically assessed major findings on qEEG and stroke, evidencing strengths and potential pitfalls of this promising branch of research.

Although relatively unederrpresented in scientific literature, this study aims to establish foundational insights into the developmental trajectory of midfield football players as they transition from youth to senior levels. The research primarily examines physical and athletic attributes while also considering their interaction with specific technical and tactical aspect. The study focuses on players aged 14-23 years.The limited existing research on this topic has, hindered comparative analysis but also created an opportunity to explore an underexamined area. This investigation uses wearable scientific instrumentation (K-AI, K-Sport Ita) to provide new insights into player development.The param under scrutiny encompass a spectrum of physical attributes, including distance covered, speed dynamics, acceleration, and deceleration patterns. Of particular interest is the evaluation of High Peak Speed (HPS), denoting the pinnacle of instantaneous velocity within defined temporal intervals. Furthermore, the discerning factor in an athlete's developmental journey lies not solely in their maximal speed potential, but rather in their capacity to sustain high-intensity sprints and consistently surpass the HPS threshold during match scenarios (Izzo et al., 2018). This nuanced perspective emerges as a pivotal and discerning criterion for assessing the prowess of football athletes.

The aim of this study is to characterize the physical attributes of specific sports movements such as, those in women's artistic gymnastics, using objective parameters derived from advanced inertial sensors. A key focus of this reaserch is to establishing the validity, reliability, and reproducibility of data, acquired through state-of-theart inertial instruments such as K-Track (K-Sport, Italy). The study focused on elements defined as performance determining, such as acceleration, deceleration, and angular speed in the dynamics of the technical gesture, in this case, the \"front tucked somersault\" in female artistic gymnastic. Aiming to a more detailed study, the technical act in question was broken down into its three constituent phases: the first and third phases (detachment-ascent and descent-landing of the jump) basically related to a brush leap and the second phase (the frontal turn) to a forward flip. The data obtained from the brush leap confirmed what was expected from an early analysis with the naked eye: significant upward and forward acceleration and development of the jump itself in height and length. On the other hand, with regard to the forward flip, i.e., a forward roll around the transverse axis, after a body tuck-up, we detected rotations around the y-axis that were not expected to be observed, at least with the gyroscope-determined performances, concerning a distinct rotation on the longitudinal axis.

This study analyzes the \"gyaku-zuki\" punch in kumite, a controlled form of karate that emphasizes technique control to prevent trauma. The \"gyaku-zuki\" punch is preferred due to its speed and simplicity. The objective is to examine the peak acceleration of the punch using the K-Track instrument and investigate the correlation between the dominant and non-dominant limbs. By analyzing the physical elements of the punch, such as speed and acceleration, the study aims to gain insights into the balance and symmetry of punches executed by both limbs. This analysis contributes to a more harmonious and bilateral development of technical gestures. The results reveal that 75% of the athletes (6 out of 8) exhibited higher acceleration peaks in the dominant limb. However, two athletes showed opposing results, possibly due to factors like a preferred guard or variations in technical skills. While these factors are not extensively explored in this study, they influence the overall analysis.

The CUPID-0 experiment searches for double beta decay using cryogenic calorimeters with double (heat and light) read-out. The detector, consisting of 24 ZnSe crystals 95\\[\\%\\] enriched in \\[^{82}\\]Se and two natural ZnSe crystals, started data-taking in 2017 at Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso. We present the search for the neutrino-less double beta decay of \\[^{82}\\]Se into the 0\\[_1^+\\], 2\\[_1^+\\] and 2\\[_2^+\\] excited states of \\[^{82}\\]Kr with an exposure of 5.74 kg\\[\\cdot \\]yr (2.24\\[\\times \\]10\\[^{25}\\] emitters\\[\\cdot \\]yr). We found no evidence of the decays and set the most stringent limits on the widths of these processes: \\[\\varGamma \\](\\[^{82}\\]Se \\[\\rightarrow ^{82}\\]Kr\\[_{0_1^+}\\])8.55\\[\\times \\]10\\[^{-24}\\] yr\\[^{-1}\\], \\[\\varGamma \\] (\\[^{82}\\] Se \\[\\rightarrow ^{82}\\] Kr \\[_{2_1^+}\\])\\[\\,{<}\\,6.25 \\,{\\times }\\,10^{-24}\\] yr\\[^{-1}\\], \\[\\varGamma \\](\\[^{82}\\]Se \\[\\rightarrow ^{82}\\]Kr\\[_{2_2^+}\\])8.25\\[\\times \\]10\\[^{-24}\\] yr\\[^{-1}\\] (90\\[\\%\\] credible interval).

This study aimed to quantify and analyze the acceleration and rotation of the upper limb during three fundamental techniques in table tennis. The chosen instrument is the inertial sensor K-TRACK, (K-Sport Montelabbate, Italy) equipped with 3D sensors capable of reading up to 4000 Hz (operating at 200 Hz). The experimental group for this research comprised athletes from the National Table Tennis Team of San Marino. The experimentation involved each of the six athletes executing 100 forehand topspin shots, 100 backhand topspin, and 100 serves, resulting in a total analysis of 1800 shots. From an extensive review carried out, we can state that it is the first time that the specific tools have been used in table tennis and that the quantity and quality of the data collected have approved a significant impact and revision of the methodological issues used up to now in the training structure of table tennis. The specific elements on which we have concentrated are those that have been deemed decisive for better establishing the working times of the training elements such as the acceleration of elbow and wrist rotations, of the dominant limb, for each of the fundamentals analyzed. From the surveys of forehand topspin, for example, it has been established that the upper limb almost exclusively plays a directional role and a little propulsive one, while the lower limbs and the back impart most of the acceleration to the ball and if up to date this concept could have been presupposed now this fact is incontrovertible and above all quantifiable. The difficult step of abandoning, at least in a constructive phase of training programming, experientiality, and personal idea, in favor of an objective and scientific analysis, is increasingly evident, numbers instead of opinions, as in part already happens at the today high level. However, the experience will return to play its decision-making role for the final choice and in the tactical-strategic setting as the predominant element in game management.