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A highly regarded professor of psychology at the London School of Economics, sharing contemporary evidence, explores how the pursuit of perfection can lead to burnout and depression and shows what we can do to resist the modern-day pressure to be perfect to led a more purposeful and contented life.

In this study of abdominal aortic aneurysm repair, endovascular repair was shown to have an early survival advantage over open repair during the first three years. However, interventions related to aneurysm and ruptures were more common after endovascular repair. The use of endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms is increasing. By 2010, endovascular repair accounted for 78% of all intact repairs. 1 , 2 Randomized, controlled trials comparing endovascular repair with open repair generally have shown a perioperative benefit of endovascular repair over open repair. 3 – 5 Long-term survival, however, is similar with the two approaches. 6 – 9 As data on long-term outcomes accumulate, concerns have been raised about endovascular repair with respect to the increased rate of late failure leading to rupture and higher rates of reintervention. In our previous analyses performed with the use of Medicare data, which account for more . . .

It is just over a decade since Vallerand et al. (J Personal Soc Psychol 85:756–767, 2003 ) introduced the dualistic model of passion. In this study, we conduct a meta-analytical review of relationships between Vallerand et al’s two passions (viz. harmonious and obsessive), and intrapersonal outcomes, and test the moderating role of age, gender, domain, and culture. A systematic literature search yielded 94 studies, within which 27 criterion variables were reported. These criterion variables derived from four research areas within the intrapersonal sphere: (a) well-/ill-being, (b) motivation factors, (c) cognitive outcomes and, (d) behaviour and performance. From these areas we retrieved 1308 independent effect sizes and analysed them using random-effects models. Results showed harmonious passion positively corresponded with positive intrapersonal outcomes (e.g., positive affect, flow, performance). Obsessive passion, conversely, showed positive associations with positive and negative intrapersonal outcomes (e.g., negative affect, rumination, vitality). Correlations were largely invariant across age and gender, but certain relationships were moderated by domain and culture. Implications are discussed.

Partisan activities of disloyal women and the Union army's reaction   During the American Civil War, more than four hundred women were arrested and imprisoned by the Union Army in the St.Louis area.

Introduction Adolescence and young adulthood are especially critical times to learn about mental health, given that 75% of mental health issues are developed by the age of 24. Animations have great potential to effectively deliver mental health information to young people. A series of five short animated films to promote mental health literacy were created with and for young people in partnership with the multi‐award‐winning independent animation studio, Aardman Animations. The aim of this study was to explore young people's perceptions of the cocreated animated films. Methods Seven Youth Juries were conducted to capture young people's opinions and recommendations about the content related to mental health literacy and presentation style of the cocreated animated films. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the audio transcripts. Results Many participants reported a view that the animated films had the potential to promote mental health literacy, especially for understanding mental health and reducing stigma. Some recommendations were provided to improve the films, such as including subtitles and having a better transition to the companion website. Conclusion Cocreated animations have great potential to promote the mental health literacy of young people. We hope that the findings from the present study will inform future media development to make them as effective as possible. Patient or Public Contribution Young people were actively involved in the development, production, implementation and evaluation (up to the time before data analysis) of the animated films.

Hospitalizations for Black patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have increased in recent decades though our understanding of disease behavior in Black patients remains limited and concerns related to healthcare equity persist. Existing data are largely drawn from small case series at IBD referral centers or national registries lacking granular longitudinal outpatient data. Our aim was to determine whether there are racial or socioeconomic disparities in acute care utilization as measured by hospitalizations and emergency department (ED) visits within a large national cohort of IBD patients. National Veterans Heath Administration (VHA) data were used to examine baseline disease characteristics and two years of utilization following an index outpatient gastroenterology visit for Crohn's disease (CD) or ulcerative colitis (UC) in 2017. To account for patients more likely to access care outside the VHA, we excluded those with less than four unique VHA encounters per year. We compared differences in comorbidity burden [Charlson comorbidity index, (CCI)], disease duration, surgical history and modifiable IBD severity risk factors (opioid use, tobacco use, biologic agent use, anemia, malnutrition) based on race and area deprivation index (ADI), a multidimensional marker for regional socioeconomic status (SES). Negative binomial regression was used to model demographic and clinical risk factors associated with hospitalization and ED visits. 19,442 patients (47.4% with CD and 52.6% with UC) were included: 14% Black, 5% Hispanic and 76% White. Compared to White patients, Black patients were younger, more likely to have anemia, perianal disease, and be in the bottom quartile of ADI; they were less likely to have a history of intestinal resection. IBD type, disease duration, CCI, and rates of tobacco use, opioid use, and malnutrition were not different between Black and White patients. On bivariate analysis, Black patients had increased mean and median ED visits compared to White patients (mean 4.48 vs 3.32; p < 0.001) though no differences were seen in hospitalizations (mean 0.96 vs 0.92; p=NS). On stepwise multivariable modeling, hospitalization and ED utilization were significantly higher among Black patients when controlling for age, sex, type of IBD, and disease duration [OR for hospitalization: 1.114 (95% CI: 1.046-1.199); OR for ED visit: 1.191 (95% CI: 1.125-1.261)]. After sequential adjustment for CCI and modifiable IBD severity risk factors, no differences in hospitalizations were seen between Black and White patients. In the full model for ED visits including adjustments for modifiable IBD severity risk factors (all significant), Black race was significantly associated with increased frequency of ED access [OR: 1.261 (95% CI: 1.19-1.336)], while ADI was not. In this analysis of a large national outpatient cohort of patients with IBD, we identified significant racial differences in IBD disease behavior, anemia and subsequent acute care utilization. Racial differences in hospitalization were not significant after controlling for modifiable IBD risk factors suggesting actionable targets to mitigate the observed disparities. However, Black race was independently associated with ED utilization even in a healthcare system where access to care is theoretically similar. Future studies should investigate factors underlying increased ED utilization among Black IBD patients in further detail.

The bioeconomy has been discussed as a key strategy for addressing sustainability challenges, particularly regarding the transition from fossil-based to bio-based systems, in numerous national and supranational strategies and policy documents related to the bioeconomy. However, public understanding of and engagement with the bioeconomy remains limited. This is partly due to the bias of many bioeconomy strategies and policy documents towards technological solutions that tend to overlook the social, normative, and transformative dimensions of systemic change as well as the necessary knowledge. This opinion paper explores the potential of narratives as a means of communicating bioeconomy research in public policy, with the aim of addressing the communication gap between science, policy, and society. When applied in responsible and nuanced ways that acknowledge their embeddedness and context, bioeconomy (policy) narratives can support sensemaking for science communication, improve public understanding, facilitate stakeholder engagement and behavioural change. We argue that such narrative approaches can help to create narrative ‘boundary objects’ that can support more inclusive and participatory processes, enabling the co-creation of transformative knowledge for bioeconomy transitions with stakeholders as active participants. In summary, we highlight several opportunities, as well as limitations and implications, that could inform future work on bioeconomy narratives.

Arthropod populations are constantly changing due to changes in climate and the globalisation of trade and travel. Effective and diverse monitoring techniques are required to understand these changes. DNA metabarcoding has facilitated the development of a broad monitoring method to sample arthropod diversity from environmental and faecal samples. In this study, we applied DNA metabarcoding to DNA extracted from bat faecal pellets collected in Ireland from the lesser horseshoe bat, Rhinolophus hipposideros , a protected bat species of conservation concern in Europe. From as few as 24 bat faecal pellets, we detected 161 arthropod species from 11 orders, including 38 pest species of which five were determined to be priority pests, highlighting potential ecosystem services provided by R. hipposideros which are important for the functioning of healthy ecosystems. We also report the potential identification of 14 species not previously recorded in Ireland, but upon further investigation found that many of these could have been misidentified due to inadequacies in the genetic reference database. Despite the small sample size, we found that male and female diets did not differ significantly. However, sampling location did explain variation within the diet, highlighting how landscape features influence arthropod composition and diversity. We discuss the current limitations of the methodology in Ireland, how these can be overcome in future studies, and how this data can be used for biodiversity monitoring and informing conservation management of protected bat species.

There is a pressing need to create resources to promote mental health literacy among young people. Digital media is one of the methods that can be used to successfully promote mental health literacy. Although digital mental health resources are generally favorably perceived by young people, one of the essential factors in whether they choose to use these interventions is trust. The objective of this study was to explore young people's trust-related concerns about and recommendations for the cocreated mental health website \"What's Up With Everyone\" by using TrustScapes. Our aim was to use the findings to improve the trustworthiness of the website and to inform future creators of web-based mental health resources. In total, 30 young people (mean age 19, SD 1.509; range 17-21 years) participated in TrustScapes focus groups. Thematic analysis was carried out to analyze both the TrustScapes worksheets and audio transcripts. Qualitative analysis revealed that the mental health website contains elements perceived to be both trustworthy and untrustworthy by young people. The relatable and high-quality design, which was achieved by cocreating the website with a team of design professionals and young people, was considered to increase trust. Creators' credibility also positively affected trust, but the logos and other information about the creators were recommended to be more salient for users. Suggestions were made to update the privacy policy and cookie settings and include communication functions on the platform to improve the trustworthiness of the website. Factors perceived to be trustworthy included the website's relatable, high-quality design and creators' credibility, whereas those perceived to be untrustworthy included the privacy policy and cookie settings. The findings highlighted the significance of collaborating with end users and industrial partners and the importance of making the trust-enabling factors salient for users. We hope that these findings will inform future creators of web-based mental health resources to make these resources as trustworthy and effective as possible.

Background Biting midges of the genus Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) act as vectors for several arboviruses, including bluetongue virus (BTV) and Schmallenberg virus (SBV), which affect livestock health and productivity. In Ireland, limited genetic data are available regarding the diversity of Culicoides species. This study represents the first attempt to characterise Culicoides in this region using molecular techniques. Methods Adult Culicoides samples were captured using Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute (OVI) traps across six locations in Ireland. Subsequent molecular analyses involved polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing of the cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 ( CO1 ) and the internal transcriber spacer (ITS) barcoding regions to obtain species identities. In addition, using both markers, we inferred the population genetic structure and potential colonisation pathways of Culicoides obsoletus sensu stricto (s. str.), the major vector species in Ireland. Results DNA barcoding facilitated identification of 177 specimens. Eight common Culicoides species were identified through DNA barcoding of CO1 and ITS gene regions. The presence of putative vectors of bluetongue virus (BTV) and Schmallenberg virus (SBV) were also confirmed, including species in the subgenus Avaritia ( C. obsoletus s. str., C. scoticus , C. chiopterus , and C. dewulfi ) and subgenus Culicoides s. str. ( C. pulicaris and C. punctatus ). Phylogenetic analysis confirmed the relationship between these vector species and facilitated the placement of Culicoides spp. that could not be identified to species level through DNA barcoding. Haplotype network analysis of C . obsoletus showed that some haplotypes of these species are shared between Continental Europe, the UK, and Ireland, suggesting a possible incursion pathway for this vector. Conclusions DNA barcoding employing a combination of two barcodes, CO1 and ITS, proved effective in identifying Culicoides , especially species within the obsoletus complex, which are difficult to morphologically distinguish. Our findings also suggest that investigation of the population genetic structure of Culicoides spp. could be used to model the potential introduction routes of midge-borne pathogens into the country. Graphical Abstract