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The purpose of this multi-institutional retrospective study was to expand the available data pertaining to pre-operative clinical findings, progression-free and overall survival times, and potential prognostic factors for cats undergoing surgery for intestinal adenocarcinomas. Fifty-eight cats treated over a 12-year period were included in the study. Progression-free and overall survival times were estimated using Kaplan-Meier analyses. Potential prognostic variables were evaluated for associations with progression-free and overall survival using univariate Cox proportional hazards regression analyses. Prior to surgery, the intestinal mass was identified using ultrasonography in 89% of cats in which it was applied; however, imaging findings suggestive of intrathoracic metastases were observed in only 9% of cats. Among 22 cats undergoing ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration cytology, the results agreed with the results of histopathology in only 10 cats. Discordant results were most commonly related to the presence of marked inflammation in cytology samples, which may have obscured the presence of neoplastic cells. Diffuse intestinal small cell lymphoma was identified as a comorbidity in 5 cats. Resection of the tumor with the objective of obtaining wide surgical margins was performed in each cat. On histopathology, 20 tumors were classified as mucinous adenocarcinoma and 28 were adenocarcinoma not otherwise specified. Intestinal transection site margins were complete in 94% of cats; however, complete mural margins were present in only 15% of cats. Local lymph node metastases were identified in 52% of cats and carcinomatosis was diagnosed in 81% of cats. Disease progression was documented in 32 of the 58 cats (55%). Of these 32 cats, 14 (43%) had local recurrence of the primary intestinal tumor. Median progression-free survival was 203 days (95% CI 130–299 days), and median overall survival time was 284 days (95% CI 200–363 days). Mitotic count was inversely associated with progression-free survival (HR 1.04; 95% CI 1.01–1.07, P = 0.005); however, none of the remaining potential prognostic factors, including administration of adjuvant chemotherapy, were significantly associated with progression-free or overall survival. Feline intestinal adenocarcinoma remains an aggressive and highly fatal disease. Large, randomized controlled clinical trials will be needed to improve the survival prospects for affected cats.

Absolute measurements of neutron fluence are an essential prerequisite of neutron-induced cross section measurements, dosimetric investigations and neutron beam lines characterisation. Independent and precise neutron flux measurements can be performed with respect to the H(n,p) elastic cross section. However, the use of silicon proton recoil detectors is not straightforward below incident neutron energy of 1 MeV, due to a high background in the detected proton spectrum. A new gaseous proton-recoil detector has been designed to answer the challenge. The detector is described in details and results of the commissioning tests are presented.

We present the results of two experiments where we have measured for the first time simultaneously the fission and gamma-decay probabilities induced by different surrogate reactions. In particular, we have investigated the 238U(d,p), 238U(3He,t) and 238U(3He,4He) reactions as surrogates for the neutron-induced n +  238U, n +  237Np and n +  236U reactions, respectively. In the region where gamma emission, neutron emission and fission compete, our results for the fission probabilities agree fairly well with the neutron-induced data, whereas our gamma-decay probabilities are significantly higher than the neutron-induced data. The interpretation of these results is not obvious and is discussed within the framework of the statistical model with preliminary results for calculated spin-parity distributions populated in surrogate reactions. We also present future plans for surrogate-reaction studies in inverse kinematics with radioactive-ion beams at storage rings.

Absolute measurements of neutron fluence are an essential prerequisite of neutron-induced cross section measurements, neutron beam lines characterisation and dosimetric investigations. Precise neutron flux measurements can be performed with respect to the H(n,p) elastic cross section. The use of this technique, with silicon proton recoil detectors, is not straightforward below incident neutron energy of 1 MeV, due to a high background in the detected proton spectrum. Experiments carried out at the AIFIRA facility identified its origin. Based on these investigations, a gaseous recoil-proton detector has been designed, with a reduced low energy background. Preliminary results of the first tests of the developed detector are discussed here.

The elastic H(n,p) reaction is sometimes used to measure neutron flux, in order to produce high precision measurements. The use of this technique is not straightforward to use below incident neutron energy of 1 MeV, due to a high background in the detected proton spectrum. Experiments have been carried out at the AIFIRA facility to investigate such background and determine its origin and components. Based on these investigations, a gaseous proton-recoil detector has been designed, with a reduced low energy background.

Poor adherence to efficacious cardiovascular-related medications has led to considerable morbidity, mortality, and avoidable health care costs. This article provides results of a recent think-tank meeting in which various stakeholder groups representing key experts from consumers, community health providers, the academic community, decision-making government officials (Food and Drug Administration, National Institutes of Health, etc), and industry scientists met to evaluate the current status of medication adherence and provide recommendations for improving outcomes. Below, we review the magnitude of the problem of medication adherence, prevalence, impact, and cost. We then summarize proven effective approaches and conclude with a discussion of recommendations to address this growing and significant public health issue of medication nonadherence.

Fission and gamma decay probabilities of 237U and 239Np have been measured, for the first time simultaneously in dedicated experiments, via the surrogate reactions 238U(3He, 4He) and 238U(3He,d), respectively. While a good agreement between our data and neutron-induced data is found for fission probabilities, gamma decay probabilities are several times higher than the corresponding neutron-induced data for each studied nucleus. We study the role of the different spin distributions populated in the surrogate and neutron-induced reactions. The compound nucleus spin distribution populated in the surrogate reaction is extracted from the measured gamma-decay probabilities, and used as input parameter in the statistical model to predict fission probabilities to be compared to our data. A strong disagreement between our data and the prediction is obtained. Preliminary results from an additional dedicated experiment confirm the observed discrepancies, indicating the need of a better understanding of the formation and decay processes of the compound nucleus.

Abstract Introduction Social jetlag (SJL), or the mismatch between biological and social time, is a marker of circadian misalignment. SJL is linked to biological and behavioral alterations (e.g., adiposity, unhealthy food intake) which over time may increase cancer and chronic disease risk. While developmental changes exacerbate SJL among adolescents, parents may also influence adolescent behavioral patterns. This study examined associations of SJL with multiple cancer preventive behaviors among parent-adolescent dyads using the 2018 World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute of Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) Cancer Prevention Score in the National Cancer Institute’s Family Life, Activity, Sun, Health, and Eating (FLASHE) Study. Methods Online cross-sectional surveys examining cancer-preventive behaviors were administered to 1,479 parent-adolescent (aged 12-17y) dyads in 2014. SJL was defined as the absolute difference between sleep midpoint on weekend and week days. The adapted 2018 WCRF/AICR Score ranged from 0-6 and was the sum of six sub-components representing adherence to specific cancer prevention recommendations concerning body weight, physical activity, and diet. Dyads with missing data on either variable were excluded. Actor-partner interdependence modeling was used to determine within-dyad correlations, actor (i.e., effect of a dyad member’s SJL on own score), and partner (i.e., effect of a dyad member’s SJL on partner’s score) effects. Results The analytical sample included 936 dyads. Mean SJL was 2.0 hours (SD: 1.2) for adolescents and 1.2 hours (SD: 0.9) for parents. Mean WCRF/AICR Scores were 4.1 (SD: 0.9) for adolescents and 4.0 (SD: 0.9) for parents. Within dyads, SJL (r=0.29) and the WCRF/AICR Score (r=0.41) were positively correlated (all p <0.0001). Among adolescents, greater SJL was associated with a lower WCRF/AICR Score (β= -0.077, SE: 0.03, p=0.003), but this relationship was not observed among parents. No partner effects were detected. Conclusion Among adolescents, SJL was associated with poorer adherence to cancer prevention recommendations. SJL may represent a modifiable risk factor with the potential to improve multiple health behaviors and decrease disease risk. Support FLASHE was funded with federal funds from the National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), under contract number HHSN261201200039I issued to Westat, Inc

Treatment fidelity plays an important role in the research team's ability to ensure that a treatment has been implemented as intended and that the treatment has been accurately tested. Developing, implementing, and evaluating a treatment fidelity plan can be challenging. The treatment fidelity workgroup within the Behavior Change Consortium (BCC) developed guidelines to comprehensively evaluate treatment fidelity in behavior change research. The guidelines include evaluation of treatment fidelity with regard to study design, training of interventionists, delivery and receipt of the intervention, and enactment of the intervention in real-life settings. This article describes these guidelines and provides examples from four BCC studies as to how these recommended guidelines for fidelity were considered. Future work needs to focus not only on implementing treatment fidelity plans but also on quantifying the evaluations performed, developing specific criteria for interpretation of the findings, and establishing best practices of treatment fidelity.

Women undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery have a worse medical condition and fewer social and financial resources than men. Some studies have found that women recover less well than men after CABG, whereas others have found women's outcomes comparable to those of men. Past studies of health-related quality of life after CABG have too few women for adequate comparison with men and have not included patients whose data are not available at baseline (eg, emergency CABG), limiting generalizability. A longitudinal study of symptoms and health-related quality of life was conducted among patients from four clinical centers enrolling both men (n = 405) and women (n = 269) in the Post CABG Biobehavioral Study in the United States and Canada. After 6 weeks from CABG (average 81 days), both men and women had less anxiety and symptoms related to depression than before surgery ( P < .001). After 6 months (average 294 days), both men and women improved in physical and social functioning ( P < .001). Although changes in scale scores were similar for men and women at each time point, women scored lower than men on these domains ( P < .001, adjusted for baseline medical and sociodemographic differences) and had more symptoms related to depression through 1 year after CABG ( P = .003). Both male and female patients improve in physical, social, and emotional functioning after CABG, and recovery over time is similar in men and women. However, women's health-related quality-of-life scale scores remained less favorable than men's through 1 year after surgery.