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"DEXTER, Scott"
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Free and open source software (FOSS) as a model domain for answering big questions about creativity
In free and open source software (FOSS), computer code is made freely accessible and can be modified by anyone. It is a creative domain with many unique features; the FOSS mode of creativity has also influenced many aspects of contemporary cultural production. In this article we identify a number of fundamental but unresolved general issues in the study of creativity, then examine the potential for the study of FOSS to inform these topics. Archival studies of the genesis of FOSS projects, coupled with laboratory studies detailing the psychological processes involved in software creation, can provide converging evidence on the nature of creativity in software design. Such a research program has broad implications both for theories of creativity and for real-world innovation in software and other forms of digital cultural production.
Journal Article
Bart Simpson Blastoff
Countdown to laughter. . .Bart Simpson will send you over the moon with high-octane hilarity as he leads the Springfield Elementary team to the state eating competition, does his best not to embarrass Marge on Mother's Day, learns a Kwik-E life lesson from Apu, gets a little bedtime assistance from Maggie, bonds with Grampa over a junky jalopy, and foils Mr. Burns' plan to sidestep Springfield's child labor laws. Then, Lisa gets some surprising competition as she squares off against Bart in a contest to win a prized pony, teenagers Homer and Barney encounter zombies, and much, much more! It's a supersonic, supercharged, Bart Simpson shebang!
Book
The freedoms of software and its ethical uses
The “free” in “free software” refers to a cluster of four specific freedoms identified by the Free Software Definition. The first freedom, termed “Freedom Zero,” intends to protect the right of the user to deploy software in whatever fashion, towards whatever end, he or she sees fit. But software may be used to achieve ethically questionable ends. This highlights a tension in the provision of software freedoms: while the definition explicitly forbids direct restrictions on users’ freedoms, it does not address other means by which software may indirectly restrict freedoms. In particular, ethically-inflected debate has featured prominently in the discussion of restrictions on digital rights management and privacy-violating code in version 3 of the GPL (GPLv3). The discussion of this proposed language revealed the spectrum of ethical positions and valuations held by members of the free software community. In our analysis, we will provide arguments for upholding Freedom Zero; we embed the problem of possible uses of software in the broader context of the uses of scientific knowledge, and go on to argue that the provision of Freedom Zero mitigates against too great a moral burden—of anticipating possible uses of software—being placed on the programmer and that, most importantly, it facilitates deliberative discourse in the free software community.
Journal Article
The Ronald McDonald House as an Alternative to Antepartum Hospitalization
OBJECTIVE:
We sought to evaluate the use of the Ronald McDonald House (RMH) for selected high-risk pregnant women.
METHODS:
Beginning in November of 1999, women on the Maternal Fetal Medicine service at Albany Medical Center Hospital (AMCH) were candidates for antepartum lodging at the Ronald McDonald House (RMH). Women whose only indication for antepartum hospitalization was to maintain proximity to a tertiary care center were offered stays at the RMH. Antenatal and neonatal outcomes were reviewed.
RESULTS:
A total of 41 antepartum subjects stayed at the RMH during the study period. No adverse perinatal outcomes were identified due to utilization of the RMH. Patients stayed at the RMH instead of staying at AMCH as inpatients for a total of 586 days during the study period.
CONCLUSIONS:
Outpatient management at the RMH is a cost-effective alternative for selected high-risk pregnancies. No adverse outcomes in the study population were attributable to the utilization of the RMH.
Journal Article
Computer Science Security Research and Human Subjects: Emerging Considerations for Research Ethics Boards
this paper explores the growing
concerns with computer science research, and in particular, computer security research and its relationship with the committees that review human subjects research. It offers cases that review boards are likely to confront, and provides a context for appropriate consideration of such research, as issues of bots, clouds, and worms enter the discourse of human subjects review.
Journal Article
Improving Place Recognition Using Dynamic Object Detection
We present a novel approach to place recognition well-suited to environments with many dynamic objects--objects that may or may not be present in an agent's subsequent visits. By incorporating an object-detecting preprocessing step, our approach yields high-quality place representations that incorporate object information. Not only does this result in significantly improved place recognition in dynamic environments, it also significantly reduces memory/storage requirements, which may increase the effectiveness of mobile agents with limited resources.
Paper
The Political Economy of Open Source Software
A critique of open-source development, in which we argue that while it clearly manifests a number of anti-capitalist tendencies, it is essentially aligned with postmodern capitalist development models.
Journal Article
Subnational developmentalism: Brazil in comparative perspective
In an attempt to understand the process of economic liberalization that has swept the globe over the last two decades, scholars of comparative political economy have focused primarily on national-level politics. However, most studies overlook the fact that decentralization has enabled subnational actors to re-claim national “state developmentalist” roles through policy innovations at the state and local levels—giving rise to a new phenomenon I term subnational developmentalism. While situated within a common national context, I demonstrate that subnational actors have responded quite differently to the challenges of the post-statist economy and, in the process, forged divergent institutions for market governance at the subnational level. The main aim of my dissertation, in turn, is to identify the conditions under which subnational actors in the developing world are likely to develop innovative strategies for promoting industrial cooperation and economic transformation. Why, in other words, do “developmental synergies” and “good government” practices thrive in some regions and not in others? Given important resource constraints and pervasive collective action problems, I argue that such cooperation hinges critically on subnational patterns of electoral and social mobilization, political party development, and the creation of cross-class coalitions. I employ case study analysis and subnational comparative method to evaluate these questions, focusing on contemporary Brazil (1990–present).
Dissertation