Explore the vast range of titles available.

Herein, a series of phosphorus-doped CoMoO4 rod bundles electrocatalysts on 3D nickel foams have been successfully synthesized and exploited as efficient hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) electrocatalyst in 1 M KOH. The incorporation of phosphorus into CoMoO4 can significantly promote the HER activity, and the CoMoO4 bundles phosphorized at 350 °C exhibited the optimum activity, which only required low overpotentials of 56 and 148 mV to deliver cathodic current densities of 10 mA cm−2 and 100 mA cm−2, respectively. This electrode also presented considerable long-term electrochemical stability with negligible delay after 30 h operation and 3000 accelerated cyclic voltammetry cycles. Our study provides a superior earth-abundant catalyst for efficient HER in alkaline media, which also suggests that P doping engineering is an effective way to boost the HER activity of transition metal-based oxides.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2025.1595393.].

Patients with disorders of consciousness often have concurrent swallowing difficulties, although the assessment methods, interventions, and their effectiveness have not been systematically described. This study aims to conduct a comprehensive review of assessment methods and rehabilitation interventions for swallowing function in patients with disorders of consciousness. This scoping review was performed and reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guideline. Studies that describe a screening method to examine swallowing function or assess a kind of swallowing management intervention among individuals with disorders of consciousness (DoC) were included. Following Arksey and O'Malley's five-stage framework, databases including CNKI, WangFan, VIP, SinoMed, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, ClinicalTrials.gov, Cochrane, Scopus, and Medline were systematically searched, from the inception of each database to June 2024. Relevant studies were extracted and analyzed. The main review question is \"What has been studied about swallowing function management in patients with DoC?\". Assessment methods for swallowing function in patients with disorders of consciousness primarily included clinical swallowing assessments, scale-based evaluations, and instrument-based assessments. Rehabilitation interventions for swallowing function encompassed sensory stimulation, K-point stimulation, functional oral intake therapy, oral intermittent tube feeding, neuromuscular electrical stimulation, and acupuncture therapy. Most of the included studies did not explicitly specify the timing of swallowing assessment and intervention. A standardized approach for evaluating and intervening in swallowing function among patients with disorders of consciousness is notably lacking. Selecting appropriate swallowing assessment tools and devising evidence-based management plans tailored to assessment results could improve the swallowing function and patient outcomes. More high-quality designing research that compares the assessment accuracy of different evaluation methods, as well as develops personalized interventions are imperative. https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/SURBY.

Follistatin-like protein 1 (FSTL1) has been demonstrated to participate in the pathogenesis of several neurological diseases. The current study informed the role of H3K27 acetylation-induced FSTL1 upregulation in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Our investigation discovered the upregulated FSTL1 expression and enhanced autophagy activity in AD. FSTL1 knockdown successfully attenuated the injuries of Aβ 1−42 -challenged SH-SY5Y cells through the inhibition of autophagy activity. Besides, FSTL1 deficiency suppresses the inflammatory response and NF-κB signaling in AD. Moreover, it was found that p300 was recruited by transcriptional factor RUNX1 to stimulate the H3K27 acetylation in FSTL1 promoter region, which caused the upregulation of FSTL1 in AD. To summarize, p300 acted as a co-activator of RUNX1 to trigger the activation of FSTL1 in AD, resulting in the exacerbated injuries and inflammatory responses of Aβ 1−42 -induced SH-SY5Y cells.

Background Cognitive impairment in individuals with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) may have an association with the levels of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF). However, the relationship between peripheral VEGF levels and cognitive function in MDD patients remains unclear and has not been thoroughly investigated in a clinical setting. Methods In this case-control study, we recruited 60 patients diagnosed with MDD according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) criteria (33 males and 27 females, mean age 41.17 ± 13.32 years) and 60 healthy controls (28 males and 32 females, mean age 37.20 ± 11.93 years). Serum VEGF levels were measured using an ELISA kit, and cognitive performance was assessed using the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS). Group differences were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA)/analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), and associations were assessed using Pearson’s correlation. This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Suzhou Guangji Hospital. Results Following adjustment for variables such as gender, age, BMI, and other potential confounding factors, it was observed that the serum VEGF levels in individuals with depression were significantly reduced compared to those in the corresponding healthy control group (F = 4.55, p  = 0.04). Within the depressive patient cohort, serum VEGF levels negatively correlated with attention scores ( r =-0.32, p  = 0.01) and RBANS total scores ( r =-0.28, p  = 0.03). Conversely, no such correlations were observed in the healthy control group (attention scores: r  = 0.19, p  = 0.15; RBANS total scores: r =-0.03, p  = 0.82). Conclusions Our study suggests that reduced serum VEGF levels may contribute to cognitive impairment in MDD, warranting further investigation into its potential role as a biomarker and therapeutic target.

Background Swamp-type buffaloes with varying degrees of white spotting are found exclusively in Tana Toraja, South Sulawesi, Indonesia, where spotted buffalo bulls are highly valued in accordance with the Torajan customs. The white spotting depigmentation is caused by the absence of melanocytes. However, the genetic variants that cause this phenotype have not been fully characterized. The objective of this study was to identify the genomic regions and variants responsible for this unique coat-color pattern. Results Genome-wide association study (GWAS) and selection signature analysis identified MITF as a key gene based on the whole-genome sequencing data of 28 solid and 39 spotted buffaloes, while KIT was also found to be involved in the development of this phenotype by a candidate gene approach. Alternative candidate mutations included, in addition to the previously reported nonsense mutation c.649 C > T (p.Arg217*) and splice donor mutation c.1179 + 2T > A in MITF , a nonsense mutation c.2028T > A (p.Tyr676*) in KIT . All these three mutations were located in the genomic regions that were highly conserved exclusively in Indonesian swamp buffaloes and they accounted largely (95%) for the manifestation of white spotting. Last but not the least, ADAMTS20 and TWIST2 may also contribute to the diversification of this coat-color pattern. Conclusions The alternative mutations identified in this study affect, at least partially and independently, the development of melanocytes. The presence and persistence of such mutations may be explained by significant financial and social value of spotted buffaloes used in historical Rambu Solo ceremony in Tana Toraja, Indonesia. Several de novo spontaneous mutations have therefore been favored by traditional breeding for the spotted buffaloes.

Background Ketosis is a common metabolic disease during the transition period in dairy cattle, resulting in long-term economic loss to the dairy industry worldwide. While genetic selection of resistance to ketosis has been adopted by many countries, the genetic and biological basis underlying ketosis is poorly understood. Results We collected a total of 24 blood samples from 12 Holstein cows, including 4 healthy and 8 ketosis-diagnosed ones, before (2 weeks) and after (5 days) calving, respectively. We then generated RNA-Sequencing (RNA-Seq) data and seven blood biochemical indicators (bio-indicators) from leukocytes and plasma in each of these samples, respectively. By employing a weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), we detected that 4 out of 16 gene-modules, which were significantly engaged in lipid metabolism and immune responses, were transcriptionally (FDR < 0.05) correlated with postpartum ketosis and several bio-indicators (e.g., high-density lipoprotein and low-density lipoprotein). By conducting genome-wide association signal (GWAS) enrichment analysis among six common health traits (ketosis, mastitis, displaced abomasum, metritis, hypocalcemia and livability), we found that 4 out of 16 modules were genetically (FDR < 0.05) associated with ketosis, among which three were correlated with postpartum ketosis based on WGCNA. We further identified five candidate genes for ketosis, including GRINA, MAF1, MAFA, C14H8orf82 and RECQL4. Our phenome-wide association analysis (Phe-WAS) demonstrated that human orthologues of these candidate genes were also significantly associated with many metabolic, endocrine, and immune traits in humans. For instance, MAFA , which is involved in insulin secretion, glucose response, and transcriptional regulation, showed a significantly higher association with metabolic and endocrine traits compared to other types of traits in humans. Conclusions In summary, our study provides novel insights into the molecular mechanism underlying ketosis in cattle, and highlights that an integrative analysis of omics data and cross-species mapping are promising for illustrating the genetic architecture underpinning complex traits.

Sepsis is a serious disease caused by infection. Aminophylline has anti-asthma and anti-inflammatory effects. We aimed to explore the safety and effect of aminophylline in sepsis. We conducted a clinical randomized controlled trial involving 100 patients diagnosed with sepsis within 48 h after intensive care unit (ICU) admission in two sites. All patients were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to receive standard therapy with or without aminophylline. The primary clinical outcome was all-cause mortality at 28 days. From September 27, 2018 to February 12, 2020, we screened 277 septic patients and eventually enrolled 100 patients, with 50 assigned to the aminophylline group and 50 to the usual-care group. At 28 days, 7 of 50 patients (14.0%) in the aminophylline group had died, compared with 16 of 50 (32.0%) in the usual-care group ( P  = 0.032). Cox regression showed that the aminophylline group had a lower hazard of death (hazard ratio = 0.312, 95% confidence interval: 0.129-0.753). Compared with the usual-care group, patients in the aminophylline group had a longer survival time ( P  = 0.039 by the log-rank test). The effects of aminophylline on vasopressor dose, oxygenation index, and sequential organ failure assessment score were time-dependent with treatment. There were no significant differences in total hospitalization days, ICU hospitalization days, and rates of serious adverse events (all P > 0.05). No adverse events were observed in the trial. Aminophylline as an adjunct therapy could significantly reduce the risk of death and prolong the survival time of patients with sepsis. ChiCTR.org.cn, ChiCTR1800019173.

Background Humanistic caring in China has developed rapidly in recent years; however, patients’ satisfaction with nurses’ humanistic caring remains moderate. To date, there has been no nationwide, multi-centre, large-sample survey exploring nurses’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding humanistic caring, which limits the identification of gaps and evidence-based strategies for improvement. Aim This study aimed to assess the levels of knowledge, attitude, and practices regarding humanistic caring among nurses in tertiary hospitals across China, and to analyze the associated influencing factors, thereby providing a data-driven foundation and practical evidence for developing targeted improvement strategies. Method A multi-centre cross-sectional survey was conducted from July to August 2022 in 25 provinces (cities and districts) across China. Nurses meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria were recruited through convenience sampling in tertiary hospitals. Data were collected using a self-developed demographic questionnaire and The Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Clinical Nursing Staff on Humanistic Care Questionnaire developed by Li Yuqin. The original scale demonstrated excellent reliability and validity (content validity index = 0.980; Cronbach’s α = 0.982; test–retest reliability = 0.983), and the Cronbach’s α in the present study was 0.991 ( P  < 0.001). Questionnaires were distributed and collected via the online platform Questionnaire Star. A total of 14,305 valid responses were obtained, yielding an effective response rate of 99.72%. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26.0 for descriptive and inferential statistics. Result Among the 14,305 participants from 25 provinces, 95.48% were female, with a mean age of 32.37 ± 6.62 years; 85.53% held at least a bachelor’s degree. Notably, 42.17% had never received humanistic caring training. The mean scores for knowledge, attitude, and practice were 80.24%, 83.62%, and 87.95%, respectively, with practice scoring highest and knowledge lowest. Significant differences in KAP scores were observed across gender, region, department, professional title, work experience, and job-related factors (all P  < 0.05). Nurses who expressed love for nursing, engaged in self-caring, received family support, and were satisfied with their work and salary or had undergone humanistic caring training achieved significantly higher scores in all three dimensions ( P  < 0.001). Stepwise multiple regression identified job and salary satisfaction, enthusiasm for nursing, self-caring awareness, and prior training as major positive predictors of knowledge and attitude, whereas knowledge and attitude significantly predicted humanistic caring practices. Correlation analysis confirmed strong positive associations among the three dimensions ( r  = 0.636–0.827, P  < 0.001), aligning with the KAP theoretical model. Conclusion Chinese clinical nurses demonstrate moderate levels of knowledge and attitudes toward humanistic caring but relatively strong humanistic caring behaviors. Training programs should be strengthened, with content emphasizing the concept, significance, and core competencies of humanistic caring. Hospitals are encouraged to integrate humanistic values into organizational management and promote a supportive humanistic caring culture to enhance nurses’ humanistic practice.

Background/Objectives: Buffalo populations exhibit distinct genetic variations influenced by domestication history, geographic distribution, and selection pressures. This study investigates the genetic structure and differentiation of 11 buffalo populations, focusing on five loci related to milk protein (CSN1S1 and CSN3) and fat metabolism (LPL, DGAT1 and SCD). The aim is to assess genetic variation between river, swamp, and wild-type buffaloes and identify key loci contributing to population differentiation. Methods: Genetic diversity was analyzed through allele frequency distribution, the Hardy−Weinberg equilibrium testing, and observed (Ho) and expected heterozygosity (He) calculations. Population structure was assessed using principal component analysis (PCA), FST statistics, and phylogenetic clustering (k-means and UPGMA tree). The silhouette score (SS) and the Davies−Bouldin index (DBI) were applied to determine optimal population clustering. Results: Significant genetic differentiation was observed between river and swamp buffaloes (p < 0.001). DGAT1 and CSN3 emerged as key markers distinguishing buffalo types. The Italian Mediterranean buffalo exhibited the highest genetic diversity (Ho = 0.464; He = 0.454), while the Indonesian, Chinese, and Vietnamese populations showed low heterozygosity, likely due to selection pressures and geographic isolation. The global FST (0.2143; p = 0.001) confirmed moderate differentiation, with closely related populations (e.g., Nepal and Pakistan) exhibiting minimal genetic divergence, while distant populations (e.g., Egypt and Indonesia) showed marked differences, and the Romanian population showed a unique genetic position. Conclusions: These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of buffalo genetic diversity and provide a valuable basis for exploiting the potential of this species in the light of future breeding and conservation strategies specific for each buffalo type.